The WISE Study (WhatsApp Intervention for Sleep in the Elderly)

NCT07751458 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 2 other identifiers: HaluOleoUC2F
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 50
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Sleep hygiene education is an educational effort to teach healthy sleep habits and behaviors to improve sleep quality, duration, and regularity naturally without the use of medication; however, this approach has not been established in Indonesia. This study aims to establish a sleep hygiene education care model among lonely older adults with insomnia in Indonesia and to examine the immediate effects of the WISE Study (WhatsApp Intervention for Sleep in the Elderly) led by nurses to older adults loneliness with insomnia using a Digital Booklet. In this assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, participants will be randomly allocated to either the nurse-led WISE experimental group or the control group provided with usual care. The outcomes will include sleep parameters measured using the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep diaries. The questionnaires will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. Generalized estimating equations will be used to test the research hypotheses. Questionnaires will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. We hypothesized that older adults who were loneliness with insomnia who underwent nurse-led WISE would experience greater improvements in sleep quality compared to participants in a control group who received usual care.

Conditions

Loneliness; Insomnia

Keywords

WiSE; Older adults; Loneliness; Insomnia

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Changes in Insomnia Severity

  Insomnia severity will be measured using the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The ISI has seven questions to assess sleep difficulties. The total score ranges from 0 to 28, with scores above 7 being associated with insomnia. Higher scores indicate more severe insomnia.

  At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up)

• Changes in Epworth Sleepiness

  Epworth Sleepiness will be measured using the Indonesian version of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) with a 8-item questionnaires with total scores 24. Higher scores presence of ESS.

  At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up)

• Changes in Sleep parameters from sleep logs

  Sleep parameters will be measured using Sleep Logs with a-6 item questionnaires that assess for daily sleep log. Higher scores presence poor of sleep

  At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up)

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Changes in level of Anxiety

  At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up)

• Changes in level of depression

  At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up)

• Changes in level of fatigue in a person - both in terms of intensity and its impact on daily activities

  At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up)

Study Arms (2)

Nurse-led WISE intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

Behavioral: WISE Upon arrival at the initial meeting, participants will receive a workbook containing an overview and content of WISE, including sleep disorders, symptoms, causes of insomnia, sleep hygiene, and relaxation. At the beginning of the intervention and at the end of the fourth week after the intervention, an interventional nurse will meet with participants to assess their Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep diary. From week 1 to week 4, participants will receive daily education via WhatsApp.

Other: Nurse-led WiSE intervention group

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants received no education or treatment for 4 weeks.

Interventions

Nurse-led WiSE intervention group OTHER

Upon arrival at the initial meeting, participants will receive a workbook containing an overview and content of WISE, including sleep disorders, symptoms, causes of insomnia, sleep hygiene, and relaxation. At the beginning of the intervention and at the end of the fourth week after the intervention, an interventional nurse will meet with participants to assess their Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep diary. From week 1 to week 4, participants will receive daily education via WhatsApp.

Nurse-led WISE intervention group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Elderly individuals diagnosed with loneliness
• Reported experiencing sleep disturbances in the past 2 weeks, either continuously or intermittently
• Experiencing insomnia with a total score of ≥ 8 on the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) during screening
• Able to communicate in Indonesian

You may not qualify if:

• Elderly individuals with dementia, delirium, severe mental retardation, or cognitive impairment that prevents them from understanding or assessing their own sleep experience.
• Currently using new sleeping medication/stimulants

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Halu Oleo University: lead
• Chulalongkorn University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Coastal area

Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, 93232, Indonesia

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Hasan F, Prasetya EC, Gordon CJ, Romadlon DS, Chang KM, Bartlett DJ, Lin CJ, Gautama MSN, Izzati N, Chiu HY. Effects of nurse-led, web-based brief behavioral therapy on insomnia severity in patients in the chronic stage of stroke recovery: a preliminary randomized controlled trial. J Clin Sleep Med. 2025 Dec 1;21(12):2031-2040. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.11856.

  PMID: 40904277 BACKGROUND

Related Links

• Related Info

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic; Dyssomnias; Sleep Wake Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Mental Disorders

Central Study Contacts

Sri Susanty, PhD

CONTACT

6281341620632; sri.susanty@uho.ac.id

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: December 3, 2025
• First Posted: August 7, 2026
• Study Start: July 30, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): September 30, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 3, 2026
• Last Updated: August 7, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ID (1)