Shoulder Pain, Core Endurance, and Scapular Control in Adolescent Volleyball Players

NCT07720050 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: NVS-SHOULDER-2026-01
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 60
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Shoulder pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems in adolescent volleyball players because of repetitive overhead activities such as serving and spiking. Although impaired scapular control and reduced core endurance have been suggested as potential contributors to shoulder pain, their combined relationship has not been sufficiently investigated in young volleyball athletes. This observational cross-sectional study aims to examine the relationship between shoulder pain, core endurance, and scapular control in licensed adolescent volleyball players aged 14 to 18 years. Participants with and without shoulder pain will undergo standardized assessments, including the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, the Scapular Dyskinesis Test for scapular control, and the McGill Core Endurance Test Battery for trunk muscle endurance. The findings are expected to improve the understanding of factors associated with shoulder pain and contribute to the development of injury prevention and rehabilitation strategies for adolescent volleyball players.

Conditions

Scapular Dyskinesis; Shoulder Pain; Core Endurance

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Core Muscle Endurance

  Core muscle endurance will be assessed using the McGill Core Endurance Test Battery, including trunk flexor, extensor, and bilateral side bridge endurance tests. Endurance time will be recorded in seconds.

  Baseline (Single assessment, Day 1)

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Scapular Control

  Baseline (Single assessment, Day 1)

• Shoulder Pain Intensity

  Baseline (Single assessment, Day 1)

Study Arms (2)

Shoulder Pain Group

Licensed adolescent volleyball players aged 14-18 years with shoulder pain. Participants underwent assessment of shoulder pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), scapular control using the Scapular Dyskinesis Test, and core muscle endurance using the McGill Core Endurance Test Battery.

Diagnostic Test: Visual Analog Scale (VAS); Diagnostic Test: Scapular Dyskinesis Test; Diagnostic Test: McGill Core Endurance Test Battery

Control Group

Licensed adolescent volleyball players aged 14-18 years without shoulder pain. Participants underwent the same standardized assessments, including the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Scapular Dyskinesis Test, and McGill Core Endurance Test Battery.

Diagnostic Test: Visual Analog Scale (VAS); Diagnostic Test: Scapular Dyskinesis Test; Diagnostic Test: McGill Core Endurance Test Battery

Interventions

Scapular Dyskinesis Test DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Clinical assessment of scapular movement and control during repeated arm elevation.

Control Group; Shoulder Pain Group

Visual Analog Scale (VAS) DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Assessment of shoulder pain intensity using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale.

Control Group; Shoulder Pain Group

McGill Core Endurance Test Battery DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Assessment of trunk muscle endurance using flexor, extensor, and lateral bridge endurance tests.

Control Group; Shoulder Pain Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 14 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Licensed female adolescent volleyball players aged 14-18 years who were actively participating in volleyball training at Nevşehir Youth and Sports Center and met the study eligibility criteria.

You may qualify if:

• Female licensed volleyball players aged 14 to 18 years.
• Participation in regular volleyball training at least three times per week.
• Dominant upper extremity identified.
• Ability to understand the study procedures and provide informed assent.
• Written informed consent provided by a parent or legal guardian for participants younger than 18 years.

You may not qualify if:

• Shoulder surgery within the previous 6 months.
• Acute upper extremity or spinal injury.
• History of fracture affecting the upper extremity or spine.
• Neurological disorders affecting upper extremity function.
• Systemic rheumatologic disease.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Istanbul Gelisim University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Istanbul Gelisim University

Istanbul, Istanbul, 34310, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Shoulder Pain

Interventions

Visual Analog Scale

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Arthralgia; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Diagnosis

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Target Duration: 1 Day
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Ress. Asst.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 18, 2026
• First Posted: July 22, 2026
• Study Start: March 15, 2026
• Primary Completion: June 20, 2026
• Study Completion: June 25, 2026
• Last Updated: July 22, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-07

Locations

TU (1)