The Effect of Virtual Reality Glasses Applied to Hemodialysis Patients on Vital Signs and Anxiety Level

NCT07704008 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: AYBU-2023-208
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 56
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effects of virtual reality glasses used during hemodialysis on patients' vital signs and anxiety levels. A total of 56 adult patients receiving hemodialysis at Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. Patients in the experimental group watched a 4K virtual reality nature video with relaxing background music during hemodialysis, while the control group received standard hemodialysis care. Vital signs, pain, anxiety, and satisfaction were assessed to evaluate the effectiveness of the virtual reality intervention.

Conditions

Kidney Failure; Hemodialysis

Keywords

Hemodialysis; Virtual Reality; Virtual Reality Glasses; Anxiety; Vital Signs; Nursing; Randomized Controlled Trial

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• Change in Systolic Blood Pressure

  Change in systolic blood pressure measured before and after the hemodialysis session.

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure

  Change in diastolic blood pressure measured before and after the hemodialysis session.

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• Change in Heart Rate

  Change in heart rate measured before and after the hemodialysis session.

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• Change in Respiratory Rate

  Change in respiratory rate measured before and after the hemodialysis session.

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• Change in Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)

  Change in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) measured before and after the hemodialysis session.

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• Change in Body Temperature

  Change in body temperature measured before and after the hemodialysis session.

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• State Anxiety Level After Hemodialysis

  State anxiety measured using the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-State), a 20-item questionnaire with total scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater levels of state anxiety. Assessment was performed immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

  Immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Pain Score

  Baseline (before the hemodialysis session) and immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

• Participant Satisfaction Score

  Immediately after completion of the hemodialysis session.

Study Arms (2)

Experimental Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants received a virtual reality intervention during hemodialysis in addition to standard care.

Device: Virtual Reality Glasses; Other: Standard Hemodialysis Care

Control Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants received standard hemodialysis care without any additional intervention.

Other: Standard Hemodialysis Care

Interventions

Virtual Reality Glasses DEVICE

Participants wore virtual reality glasses at the start of the hemodialysis session and viewed a 4K nature video with calming background music for 15 minutes. The intervention was administered once during the hemodialysis session in addition to standard hemodialysis care.

Experimental Group

Standard Hemodialysis Care OTHER

Participants received routine hemodialysis care according to the standard clinical practice of the dialysis unit without any additional intervention.

Control Group; Experimental Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Receiving hemodialysis treatment for the first time.
• Age ≥18 years.
• No visual, hearing, or cognitive impairment.
• Able to communicate effectively.
• Clinically stable.
• No diagnosed psychiatric disorder or use of psychiatric medication.
• No history of seizures.
• Willing and able to provide informed consent.

You may not qualify if:

• Previous hemodialysis treatment.
• Age \<18 years.
• Visual, hearing, or cognitive impairment.
• History of kidney transplantation.
• Communication difficulties.
• Diagnosed psychiatric disorder or use of psychiatric medication.
• History of seizures.
• Declined to participate in the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital

Ankara, 06200, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Renal Insufficiency; Anxiety Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Kidney Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Hilal Tüzer, Assoc. Prof.

  Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (virtual reality intervention) or the control group (standard care) and remained in their assigned groups throughout the study.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 28, 2026
• First Posted: July 15, 2026
• Study Start: May 3, 2023
• Primary Completion: May 27, 2024
• Study Completion: May 27, 2024
• Last Updated: July 15, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Locations

TU (1)