Determination of Resistance Training Status for Patients on Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

NCT07702461 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: STUDY20260750
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 300
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study examines how adults who take a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication (such as semaglutide \[Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus\], liraglutide \[Saxenda, Victoza\], or tirzepatide \[Mounjaro, Zepbound\]) perform resistance (strength) training before and after starting their medication. GLP-1 medications are being prescribed more and more often to help people manage type 2 diabetes and lose weight. These medications work well, but a known side effect is that people can lose lean (muscle) tissue along with fat. Losing muscle can make it harder to move, do everyday tasks, and stay strong as we age. Resistance training, things like lifting weights, using resistance bands, or doing push-ups and squats, is the most effective way to keep and build muscle. Yet most adults in the United States do not meet the recommended amount of resistance training, and very little is known about the resistance training habits of people who take GLP-1 medications. The purpose of this research is to systematically collect information from adults using GLP-1 medications so we can better understand: how often they do resistance training before and after starting the medication; what their sessions look like (frequency, duration, intensity, muscle groups); whether their resistance training is linked to how strong they feel and how well they can carry out daily activities; and what makes resistance training easier or harder while on a GLP-1 medication. Findings will help doctors, dietitians, exercise professionals, and researchers design better guidance and interventions to protect muscle mass, physical function, and quality of life in people using GLP-1 medications. Who can join: Adults 18 years or older who are currently taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication for type 2 diabetes, overweight or obesity, or weight management, and who have been on the medication for at least three months at a stable dose. Participants must be able to read and respond to the survey in English. People who are pregnant or planning bariatric surgery within the next three months are not eligible. What participants will do: The study is a single, anonymous, online survey. Interested individuals click the survey link, review a short consent page, and indicate their willingness to participate. Eligible participants then answer questions about their background, current health, GLP-1 medication and dose, resistance training habits before and after starting the medication, self-reported strength and function, and things that make resistance training easier or harder. There are no in-person visits, no exercise tests, and no blood draws. How long it takes: About 10 minutes total, in one online session. There is no follow-up after the survey and no compensation is offered. Data privacy: The survey is anonymous. No names, email addresses, or IP addresses are collected or linked to responses. The survey runs on Qualtrics, a secure, institution-approved platform hosted on Ohio State University servers. The research team hopes to enroll up to 200-300 adults across the United States.

Conditions

Obesity & Overweight; Diabetes (DM)

Keywords

GLP-1; GLP-1 Receptor Agonist; GLP-1RA; Semaglutide; Liraglutide; Tirzepatide; Ozempic; Wegovy; Rybelsus; Mounjaro; Zepbound; Saxenda; Victoza; Muscle-strenghtening Exercise; MSEQ; Lean body mass; Sarcopenia; Muscle Preservation; Weight Loss; Weight Management; Resistance Training; Strength Training; Weightlifting; Exercise; Physical Activity; Body weight exercise; Pilates; Holistic Exercise; Physical Function; Activities of Daily Living; Quality of Life; Health Related Quality of Life; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist; Weight Loss Medication

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in Resistance Training Status Before Versus Since GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Initiation

  Resistance training (RT) status is assessed via the Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Long Form (MSEQ-Long; Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022), which captures weekly frequency (days/week), session duration (minutes/session), intensity (OMNI-RES 0-10 scale), muscle groups targeted (7 major groups), and type of muscle-strengthening exercise across four modes (weight machines, bodyweight, resistance bands or free weights, holistic). Each participant reports RT during a usual week BEFORE starting their GLP-1 receptor agonist medication and during a usual week SINCE starting the medication. The primary outcome is the proportion of participants meeting ACSM muscle-strengthening guidelines (≥ 2 days per week engaging all major muscle groups) at each recall period, and the within-person change between the two recall periods.

  Day 1

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Resistance Training Dosage Patterns Compared to ACSM Guidelines

  Day 1

Interventions

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist (GLP-1) DRUG

Adults currently taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) medication for at least 3 months at a stable dose (e.g., semaglutide, liraglutide, tirzepatide, dulaglutide, or exenatide) complete a single, anonymous, online questionnaire administered via Qualtrics on Ohio State University secure servers. The survey (\~10 minutes) collects self-reported data on demographics, general health, current GLP-1RA medication with starting and current dose, height and weight, resistance training habits in a usual week before and since starting GLP-1RA therapy (assessed with the Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire - Long Form; Shakespear-Druery et al., 2022), perceived muscular strength, activities of daily living, fatigue, quality of life, and barriers/facilitators to resistance training. No in-person visits, physical measurements, biospecimen collection, or follow-up contact are performed.

Also known as: GLP-1RA

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adults residing in the United States who are current users of GLP-1 receptor agonist medications for type 2 diabetes, overweight or obesity, and/or weight management. Participants are recruited from community and online settings rather than from a single physical site. Sources include: IRB-approved flyers and posters displayed in relevant clinical settings (e.g., endocrinology, primary care) and community locations; social media outreach (posts and advertisements) directed at adults using GLP-1 receptor agonist medications; and clinic-based outreach in which participating clinic staff post handouts in waiting areas or distribute them to potentially interested patients during routine visits. Interested individuals self-refer by accessing an anonymous online Qualtrics survey link. The study team does not pre-screen, identify, or contact patients directly, and does not access medical records or protected health information at any point.

You may qualify if:

• Adult aged 18 years or older
• Currently taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication
• On the GLP-1 receptor agonist for at least 3 months
• Using the GLP-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes, overweight or obesity, and/or weight management (self-reported)
• Stable GLP-1 receptor agonist dose for the past 4 to 8 weeks
• Able to read and respond to the survey in English
• Willing and able to provide informed consent electronically

You may not qualify if:

• Currently or planning to become pregnant
• Planned bariatric surgery within the next 3 months
• Recent bariatric surgery (within the past 3 months) or other conditions that substantially alter resistance training capacity (e.g., advanced cancer cachexia, severe mobility-limiting conditions)
• Unable to read or respond to the survey in English

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Ohio State University: lead

Study Sites (1)

The Ohio State University

Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (7)

• Mahase E. GLP-1 agonists: US sees 700% increase over four years in number of patients without diabetes starting treatment. BMJ. 2024 Jul 23;386:q1645. doi: 10.1136/bmj.q1645. No abstract available.

  PMID: 39043396 BACKGROUND

• Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, Carty C, Chaput JP, Chastin S, Chou R, Dempsey PC, DiPietro L, Ekelund U, Firth J, Friedenreich CM, Garcia L, Gichu M, Jago R, Katzmarzyk PT, Lambert E, Leitzmann M, Milton K, Ortega FB, Ranasinghe C, Stamatakis E, Tiedemann A, Troiano RP, van der Ploeg HP, Wari V, Willumsen JF. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020 Dec;54(24):1451-1462. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955.

  PMID: 33239350 BACKGROUND

• Currier BS, D'Souza AC, Singh MAF, Lowisz CV, Rawson ES, Schoenfeld BJ, Smith-Ryan AE, Steen JP, Thomas GA, Triplett NT, Washington TA, Werner TJ, Phillips SM. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Resistance Training Prescription for Muscle Function, Hypertrophy, and Physical Performance in Healthy Adults: An Overview of Reviews. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2026 Apr 1;58(4):851-872. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003897. Epub 2026 Mar 5.

  PMID: 41843416 BACKGROUND

• Sandsdal RM, Juhl CR, Jensen SBK, Lundgren JR, Janus C, Blond MB, Rosenkilde M, Bogh AF, Gliemann L, Jensen JB, Antoniades C, Stallknecht BM, Holst JJ, Madsbad S, Torekov SS. Combination of exercise and GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment reduces severity of metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, and inflammation: a randomized controlled trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2023 Feb 25;22(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12933-023-01765-z.

  PMID: 36841762 BACKGROUND

• Bikou A, Dermiki-Gkana F, Penteris M, Constantinides TK, Kontogiorgis C. A systematic review of the effect of semaglutide on lean mass: insights from clinical trials. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2024 Apr;25(5):611-619. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2343092. Epub 2024 Apr 18.

  PMID: 38629387 BACKGROUND

• Neeland IJ, Linge J, Birkenfeld AL. Changes in lean body mass with glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies and mitigation strategies. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024 Sep;26 Suppl 4:16-27. doi: 10.1111/dom.15728. Epub 2024 Jun 27.

  PMID: 38937282 BACKGROUND

• Shakespear-Druery J, De Cocker K, Biddle SJH, Bennie J. Muscle-Strengthening Exercise Questionnaire (MSEQ): an assessment of concurrent validity and test-retest reliability. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2022 Feb 14;8(1):e001225. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001225. eCollection 2022.

  PMID: 35237446 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Overweight; Diabetes Mellitus; Sarcopenia; Weight Loss; Motor Activity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Muscular Atrophy; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Atrophy; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Body Weight Changes; Behavior

Central Study Contacts

Madison L Kackley, PhD

CONTACT

614-247-9650; kackley.19@osu.edu

Sam Soufi, BS

CONTACT

703-321-6784; soufi.3@osu.edu

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Target Duration: 1 Day
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 8, 2026
• First Posted: July 14, 2026
• Study Start: June 12, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): October 1, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): January 1, 2027
• Last Updated: July 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-07

Locations

US (1)