Effects of a 12-week T10 Exercise Program on Shooting Performance, Upper Extremity Function, Balance and Reaction Time in Competitive Air Pistol Athletes

NCT07681427 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: Air pistol T10
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 24
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Air pistol shooting requires a high level of postural stability, upper extremity neuromuscular control, and concentration to achieve optimal performance. Prolonged maintenance of the shooting position may lead to shoulder muscle fatigue, reduced joint stability, and impaired shooting accuracy. Although sport-specific exercise programs have been recommended to improve physical performance in shooters, the effectiveness of the T10 exercise program has not yet been investigated in this population. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of a 12-week T10 exercise program, in addition to routine training, on shooting performance in competitive air pistol athletes. Secondary outcomes include upper and lower extremity functional performance, balance, muscular endurance, upper extremity stability, grip strength, medicine ball throw performance, and visual and auditory reaction time. Participants will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group receiving the T10 exercise program plus routine training or a control group continuing routine training alone. Assessments will be performed at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. The findings of this study may provide evidence for the effectiveness of a sport-specific neuromuscular exercise program in enhancing shooting performance and physical function in competitive air pistol athletes.

Conditions

Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation; Exercise

Keywords

air pistol; T10 exercise; performance

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Shooting Performance Score

  Shooting performance will be assessed according to the official International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) rules using the athletes' total shooting score obtained during a standardized air pistol shooting test. Higher scores indicate better shooting performance.

  Baseline and 12 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (13)

• 1. Upper Quarter Y Balance Test

  Baseline and 12 weeks

• 2. Y Balance Test

  Baseline and 12 weeks

• 3. Flamingo Balance Test

  Baseline and 12 weeks

• 4. Grip Strength

  Baseline and 12 weeks

• 5. Medicine Ball Throw Test

  Baseline and 12 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Intervention Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive the T10 exercise program three times per week for 12 weeks in addition to their routine shooting training.

Behavioral: Exercise

Control Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will continue their routine shooting training without any additional exercise intervention.

Other: Exercise

Interventions

Exercise BEHAVIORAL

Participants in the control group will continue their regular shooting training throughout the 12-week study period without receiving the T10 exercise program or any additional physiotherapist-supervised exercise intervention. Routine training will be conducted according to the athletes' usual training schedule under the supervision of their shooting coaches and will include technical shooting practice, aiming exercises, competition-specific drills, and standard warm-up activities. Participants will be instructed to maintain their usual training habits and refrain from initiating any additional upper extremity strengthening or neuromuscular exercise programs during the study period.

Intervention Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 40 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Age between 18 and 40 years.
• Competitive air pistol athletes with at least 2 years of regular shooting experience.
• Participating in shooting training for at least 6 hours per week.
• Being in the preseason training period.
• Willing to participate and able to provide written informed consent.

You may not qualify if:

• Current upper extremity musculoskeletal injury or pain.
• History of upper extremity orthopedic surgery.
• Neurological or cognitive disorders affecting participation.
• Visual or hearing impairments that may interfere with testing or shooting performance.
• Inflammatory joint disease involving the lower extremities.
• History of lower extremity orthopedic surgery or musculoskeletal deformity affecting performance.
• Rheumatologic, metabolic, or cardiovascular disease.
• Body mass index (BMI) \>30 kg/m².
• Current use of psychiatric medication.
• Failure to attend two consecutive intervention sessions during the study period.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Hacettepe University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Kulu Faculty of Health Science

Konya, Kulu, 42950, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (2)

• Sezik EG, Uysal O, Sezik AC, Duzgun I. Scapular muscle endurance may improve shooting performance in air pistol shooters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2023 Dec;63(12):1262-1268. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.23.14966-8. Epub 2023 Oct 30.

  PMID: 37902793 RESULT

• Mon-Lopez D, Zakynthinaki MS, Cordente CA, Garcia-Gonzalez J. The Relationship Between Pistol Olympic Shooting Performance, Handgrip and Shoulder Abduction Strength. J Hum Kinet. 2019 Oct 18;69:39-46. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0009. eCollection 2019 Oct.

  PMID: 31666887 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Motor Activity

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Central Study Contacts

Nazli Cigercioglu, Assoc. Prof.

CONTACT

+90 5412903293; nazlicigercioglu@gmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Masking Details: Due to the nature of the intervention, participants and the physiotherapists supervising the exercise program cannot be blinded to group allocation. However, outcome assessments will be performed by an assessor blinded to group assignment, and statistical analyses will be conducted using coded data to minimize detection and analysis bias.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc. Prof.

Model Details: Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two parallel groups. The intervention group will receive a supervised T10 exercise program three times per week for 12 weeks in addition to routine shooting training, while the control group will continue routine shooting training without additional exercise. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and after the 12-week intervention.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 26, 2026
• First Posted: July 2, 2026
• Study Start: July 10, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): November 15, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 15, 2027
• Last Updated: July 2, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)