NCT07645404

Brief Summary

Mental fatigue (MF) is known to impair cognitive performance and may negatively affect physical performance. While its effects on lower-extremity functional performance have been investigated, little is known about the influence of MF on upper-extremity physical performance tests commonly used in sports and rehabilitation settings. This randomized crossover study will investigate the effects of experimentally induced mental fatigue on upper-extremity physical performance in 16 healthy physically active adults. Participants will complete both a mental fatigue condition, involving a prolonged Stroop task, and a control condition consisting of watching an emotionally neutral documentary. Before and after each condition, participants will perform the Upper Quarter Y Balance Test, Reactive Upper Quarter Y Balance Test, Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test, and Seated Single-Arm Shot Put Test. Subjective mental fatigue, cognitive performance, motivation, and perceived exertion will also be assessed. The findings will improve understanding of whether mental fatigue influences upper-extremity physical performance test outcomes and may assist clinicians and researchers in interpreting these assessments in sports medicine and rehabilitation contexts.

Trial Health

63
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
16

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable

Timeline
5mo left

Started Jul 2026

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 9, 2026

Completed
3 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 12, 2026

Completed
19 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2026

Expected
1 month until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 1, 2026

4 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 1, 2026

Last Updated

June 12, 2026

Status Verified

June 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1 month

First QC Date

June 9, 2026

Last Update Submit

June 9, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Mental FatigueUpper ExtremityPhysical PerformanceFunctional TestingSports MedicineCognitive PerformanceVisuomotor Reaction TimeUpper Quarter Y Balance Test

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Reactive Upper Quarter Y Balance Test

    Measures visuomotor reaction time, reaching accuracy, and balance errors during a reactive upper quarter Y balance test performed under visual stimuli conditions.

    Pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention (each experimental and control condition session)

  • Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test

    Assesses upper-extremity muscular endurance and stability by counting the number of alternating hand touches performed in a 15-second push-up position task.

    Pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention (each session)

  • Upper Quarter Y Balance Test

    Evaluates dynamic upper-extremity reach performance and composite score based on normalized reach distances in three directions.

    Pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention (each session)

  • Seated Single-Arm Shot Put Test

    Measures upper-extremity explosive power based on throwing distance of a 6-lb medicine ball.

    Pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention (each session)

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Subjective Mental Fatigue (M-VAS Scale)

    Baseline, every 5 minutes during intervention, and post-intervention (each session)

  • Go/No-Go Task

    Immediately post-intervention (each session)

  • Motivation Scale

    Pre- and post-intervention (each session)

  • Perceived Exertion

    Immediately after physical performance testing (each session)

  • Stroop Task Performance

    During intervention (continuous, averaged per block)

Study Arms (2)

Mental Fatigue Condition

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm completed a mental fatigue induction protocol involving a prolonged and cognitively demanding Stroop task designed to induce sustained inhibitory control and attentional effort. The task was performed for an extended duration to elicit subjective mental fatigue. Pre- and post-condition assessments of upper-extremity physical performance, cognitive performance, motivation, perceived exertion, and subjective mental fatigue were conducted.

Behavioral: Mental Fatigue

Control condition

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in this arm watched a neutral, emotionally non-arousing documentary for an equivalent duration as the mental fatigue condition. This activity was designed to minimize cognitive load and avoid inducing mental fatigue. Pre- and post-condition assessments of upper-extremity physical performance, cognitive performance, motivation, perceived exertion, and subjective mental fatigue were conducted.

Interventions

Mental FatigueBEHAVIORAL

Mental fatigue (MF) is a psychobiological state characterized by feelings of tiredness and/or a measurable decline in performance following prolonged or intense cognitive activity.

Mental Fatigue Condition

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 35 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Age between 18 and 35 years
  • Healthy (no neurological, cardiovascular or musculoskeletal disorders of any kind)
  • Male or female
  • No prior knowledge of the concept of mental fatigue
  • Not currently taking medications that affect cognition or neuromuscular performance
  • According to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, being physically active at a minimum level of 1500 MET-min/week

You may not qualify if:

  • Previous major upper limb injury (last 6 months)
  • Involvement in another concurrent physical or cognitive intervention study
  • Use of caffeine and heavy efforts 24 hours prior each trial
  • Suffering from colour vision deficiencies
  • Not eating a standardized meal, the morning of each trial and the evening before each trial

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Brussels, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Belgium

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Mental Fatigue

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

FatigueSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsBehavioral SymptomsBehavior

Study Officials

  • Bart Roelands, Professor

    Vrije Universiteit Brussel

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
BASIC SCIENCE
Intervention Model
CROSSOVER
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
MSc. PT

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 9, 2026

First Posted

June 12, 2026

Study Start (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

August 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Last Updated

June 12, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

De-identified individual participant data (IPD) will be shared upon reasonable request. This includes baseline characteristics, intervention allocation, and all primary and secondary outcome measures (upper-extremity physical performance test results, cognitive performance data, subjective mental fatigue scores, motivation scores, perceived exertion ratings, and Stroop task performance data). All data will be fully anonymized to protect participant confidentiality. Additional study-related materials such as the study protocol and statistical analysis plan may also be made available. Data will be shared for non-commercial research purposes after publication of the main study results.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL
Time Frame
IPD and supporting documents will become available beginning 6 months after publication of the primary study results and will remain accessible for a period of 5 years.
Access Criteria
De-identified individual participant data (IPD) and supporting study documents will be made available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request for non-commercial use. Requests must include a methodologically sound research proposal and will be reviewed and approved by the principal investigator or study sponsor. Data will be shared under a data-sharing agreement to ensure compliance with ethical and data protection regulations. Access will be provided via secure data transfer platforms or institutional repositories.

Locations