NCT07548112

Brief Summary

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are frequent complications in neurosurgical patients, often worsened by perioperative hyperglycemia. This randomized, controlled trial will compare intensive glycemic control (continuous insulin infusion, 140-180 mg/dL) with standard care (subcutaneous insulin, 81-180 mg/dL) in 544 patients. The primary outcome is SSI occurrence within 90 days post-surgery. Results aim to guide optimal glycemic management for SSI prevention in neurosurgery.

Trial Health

65
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
572

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
17mo left

Started Apr 2026

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress6%
Apr 2026Oct 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

March 27, 2026

Completed
9 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 5, 2026

Completed
18 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 23, 2026

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

September 1, 2027

Expected
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

October 1, 2027

Last Updated

April 23, 2026

Status Verified

March 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.4 years

First QC Date

March 27, 2026

Last Update Submit

April 20, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

NursingSurgical Site InfectionNeurosurgeryGlycemic Control

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • primary outcome - surgical site infection

    Incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) within 90 days after surgery, defined according to CDC (2024) criteria.

    90 days

  • Primary Outcome

    Surgical site infections will be assessed during hospitalization through wound evaluation on alternate days, with photographic documentation. After discharge, follow-up will occur via telephone and outpatient visits. Suspected cases will be investigated with clinical assessment, cultures, and imaging when indicated. Diagnosis will follow CDC (2024) criteria and be reviewed by an adjudication committee.

    90 days

Secondary Outcomes (7)

  • Hypoglycemia

    90 days

  • Severe Hypoglycemia

    90 days

  • Hyperglycemia

    90 days

  • Severe Hyperglycemia

    90 days

  • ICU Length of Stay

    90 days

  • +2 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Intensive Glycemic Control

EXPERIMENTAL

Intensive glycemic control, with insulin administered via infusion pump to maintain blood glucose between 140 and 180 mg/dL.

Other: Intensive glycemic controlOther: Hypokalemia Prevention Protocol During IV Insulin TherapyOther: Glucose-Supported Intravenous Insulin Infusion Protocol

Control

NO INTERVENTION

Conventional glycemic control, with insulin administered subcutaneously to maintain blood glucose between 81 and 180 mg/dL.

Interventions

The interventions will be conducted in a structured and supervised manner to ensure safety, traceability, and risk management. Before data collection, the ICU multidisciplinary team-including nurses, technicians, physicians, and physiotherapists-will receive training on the study protocol, operational flows for glucose monitoring, inclusion/exclusion criteria, insulin preparation and administration, aseptic techniques, infection control, and complication management. Nurses will play a key role, monitoring patients, checking labs, and reporting adverse events. The lead researcher will provide continuous oversight, data review, and 24/7 support. Insulin will be administered via continuous IV infusion to maintain blood glucose between 140-180 mg/dL, following validated institutional protocols. Safety measures include hourly glucose checks, potassium monitoring, and interventions for hypo- or hyperglycemia. The protocol will be suspended if medically indicated, for patient transfer, or at

Intensive Glycemic Control

During intravenous insulin infusion, a hypokalemia prevention strategy will be implemented through the administration of a glucose solution combined with potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl), according to the current medical prescription. Insulin will only be initiated after confirmation of recent laboratory tests (≤24 hours) and serum potassium \>3.5 mEq/L. In cases of hyperkalemia (≥5.0 mEq/L), potassium replacement will be withheld, maintaining insulin infusion with a glucose solution, with serum potassium reassessed after 2 hours. Serum potassium monitoring will be performed at protocol initiation, after 2 hours, and subsequently every 6 hours or as clinically indicated.

Intensive Glycemic Control

Continuous intravenous insulin infusion will be initiated concomitantly with caloric support a glucose solution. The glucose concentration and infusion rate will be determined by the attending medical team according to each patient's clinical and metabolic status.

Intensive Glycemic Control

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Adults aged ≥18 years
  • Patients undergoing elective cranial neurosurgical procedures classified as clean surgeries

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients who underwent any surgical or neurosurgical procedure within 30 days prior to enrollment
  • Presence of active infection at any site
  • Patients undergoing emergency or urgent neurosurgical procedures
  • Patients with trauma and exposed brain tissue
  • Diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis
  • Blood glucose levels \>600 mg/dL

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Surgical Wound Infection

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Wound InfectionInfectionsPostoperative ComplicationsPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Central Study Contacts

Alessandra Yuri Takehana de Andrade yuri Andrade, Lead Researcher

CONTACT

Vanessa de Brito Poveda Poveda, Researcher

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator, RN, MsC

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

March 27, 2026

First Posted

April 23, 2026

Study Start

April 5, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

September 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

October 1, 2027

Last Updated

April 23, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

For the assessment of the primary outcome (surgical site infection), photographic records documenting the progression of the surgical wound, together with clinical and laboratory data, will be shared with an independent adjudication committee.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL
Time Frame
Upon the presence of signs of surgical site infection at the surgical site.
Access Criteria
Photographic records documenting the progression of the surgical wound, along with clinical and laboratory data, will be made available to an independent adjudication committee composed of experts in infection control and surgical site infections. The data will be securely shared with the committee via Google Drive.