NCT07539740

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a new type of brain stimulation called theta-burst patterned temporal interference stimulation (tTIs) works to improve awareness in people with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. 1.Does tTIs help people with disorders of consciousness show more signs of awareness?
  2. 2.Does tTIs improve the brain's ability to process information and connect different brain areas? Is tTIs safe and easy for people with disorders of consciousness to tolerate? Researchers will compare a group receiving active tTIs to a group receiving a "sham" stimulation (a look-alike stimulation that delivers no real current) to see if the real stimulation works better.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
136

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
25mo left

Started Mar 2026

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress7%
Mar 2026May 2028

Study Start

First participant enrolled

March 8, 2026

Completed
10 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

March 18, 2026

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 20, 2026

Completed
1.7 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 31, 2027

Expected
5 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 31, 2028

Last Updated

April 20, 2026

Status Verified

March 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.8 years

First QC Date

March 18, 2026

Last Update Submit

April 13, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIs)Theta-burst Patterned StimulationDeep Brain Stimulation (Non-invasive)Thalamic StimulationCentromedian-parafascicular Nuclei (CM-pf)Perturbational Complexity Index (PCI)Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R)

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) Total Score

    The Coma Recovery Scale-Revised(CRS-R), a total of 23 points, is widely used to define the level of consciousness and assess neurobehavioral recovery of patients with DOC. It is based on six subscales that assess auditory(4 points), visual(5 points), motor(6 points), motor/speech(3 points), communication(2 points), and arousal processes(3 points). Each item of CRS-R is in good agreement with the diagnostic and differential diagnostic criteria of VS/UWS, MCS and EMCS. The higher scores mean a better outcome.

    Baseline and within 24 hours after the completion of the 5-day intervention.

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Change from Baseline Resting-State EEG

    Baseline and within 24 hours after the completion of the 5-day intervention.

  • Change from Baseline TMS-EEG

    Baseline and within 24 hours after the completion of the 5-day intervention.

  • Change from Baseline in Mismatch Negativity (MMN) Amplitude

    Baseline and within 24 hours after the completion of the 5-day intervention.

  • Change from Baseline in P3a Amplitude

    Baseline and within 24 hours after the completion of the 5-day intervention.

  • Long-term Changes in Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) Total Score

    Baseline, and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the completion of the 5-day intervention.

Study Arms (2)

tTIs-Active Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive active theta-burst patterned temporal interference stimulation (tTIs) targeting the centromedian-parafascicular nuclei complex (CM-pf). The stimulation consists of 3-pulse bursts at 100 Hz, repeated at a 5 Hz (theta) rhythm. Treatment will be administered for 30 minutes per session, twice daily, for 5 consecutive days (totaling 10 sessions). The current intensity is 2 mA per channel (total 4 mA).

Device: Theta-burst Patterned Temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIs)

tTIs-Control Group

SHAM COMPARATOR

Participants will receive sham stimulation using the same device and electrode placement as the active group. The device will deliver 0 mA current after a brief initial ramp-up period to mimic the skin sensation. The procedure lasts 30 minutes per session, twice daily, for 5 consecutive days (totaling 10 sessions).

Device: Sham Temporal Interference Stimulation

Interventions

The intervention targets the CM-pf complex using two pairs of high-frequency electrodes. Carrier frequency f1 = 2 kHz and f2 = 2.1 kHz to generate a 100 Hz interference. The stimulation is delivered in theta-burst patterns (3-pulse bursts at 100 Hz, repeated at 5 Hz). Sessions last 30 minutes, administered twice daily for 5 consecutive days (totaling 10 sessions). Current intensity is 2 mA per channel.

Also known as: Respiratory-burst tTIs, TBS-tTIs, Non-invasive Deep Brain Stimulation
tTIs-Active Group

The sham group uses the same device and electrode configuration as the active group. The device delivers 0 mA current after a 30-second ramp-up to mimic skin sensation. Sessions last 30 minutes, administered twice daily for 5 consecutive days (totaling 10 sessions).

tTIs-Control Group

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 70 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Age: 18 to 70 years old.
  • Condition: Patients diagnosed with Disorders of Consciousness (DoC), including Vegetative State (VS)/Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) or Minimally Conscious State (MCS) according to international guidelines.
  • Duration: Disease course ≤ 1 year.Medical History: No history of neuro-psychiatric disorders prior to the brain injury.
  • Handedness: Right-handed.Safety: No contraindications for tTIs, EEG, or MRI.
  • Medication: Not currently using sedative drugs or medications that interfere with brain stimulation, such as Na2+ or Ca2+ channel blockers, or NMDA receptor antagonists.

You may not qualify if:

  • Concurrent Trials: Participation in other non-invasive or invasive neuromodulation trials.
  • Epilepsy: Uncontrolled epilepsy, defined as a seizure within 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
  • Implants: Presence of metal implants in the skull, brain pacemakers, or implanted brain devices (e.g., spinal cord stimulator).
  • Structural Issues: Skull defects at the site of stimulation that prevent the implementation of tTIs.
  • Systemic Implants: Presence of systemic metal implants, such as cardiac pacemakers.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University

Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China

RECRUITING

Related Publications (3)

  • Yasuno T, Okamoto H, Nagai M, Kimura S, Yamamoto T, Nagano K, Furubayashi T, Yoshikawa Y, Yasui H, Katsumi H, Sakane T, Yamamoto A. In vitro study on the transport of zinc across intestinal epithelial cells using Caco-2 monolayers and isolated rat intestinal membranes. Biol Pharm Bull. 2012;35(4):588-93. doi: 10.1248/bpb.35.588.

    PMID: 22466565BACKGROUND
  • Wei H, Zhang L, Wang Z. Four antibiotics and copper interactive effects on the growth and physiological characteristics of Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Nov;30(55):117531-117544. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-30415-w. Epub 2023 Oct 23.

    PMID: 37872331BACKGROUND
  • Grossman N, Bono D, Dedic N, Kodandaramaiah SB, Rudenko A, Suk HJ, Cassara AM, Neufeld E, Kuster N, Tsai LH, Pascual-Leone A, Boyden ES. Noninvasive Deep Brain Stimulation via Temporally Interfering Electric Fields. Cell. 2017 Jun 1;169(6):1029-1041.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.024.

    PMID: 28575667BACKGROUND

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Consciousness DisordersPersistent Vegetative State

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurobehavioral ManifestationsNeurologic ManifestationsNervous System DiseasesSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsNeurocognitive DisordersMental DisordersBrain Damage, ChronicBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesUnconsciousness

Study Officials

  • Qiuyou Xie

    Zhujiang Hospital

    STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled parallel-group trial. Participants are randomly assigned to either the tTIs-active group or the tTIs-control group in a 1:1 ratio.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

March 18, 2026

First Posted

April 20, 2026

Study Start

March 8, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 31, 2028

Last Updated

April 20, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

The raw neurophysiological data (EEG) collected in this study are classified as human genetic resources under national regulations. To ensure participant privacy and data security, the individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared with outside researchers.

Locations