Eccentric Versus Concentric Quadriceps Exercises in Knee Osteoarthritis

NCT07460466 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 895/UN2.F1/ETIK/PPM.00.02/2024
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 24
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of eccentric and concentric quadriceps femoris strengthening exercises in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Knee osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal condition that causes pain, reduced joint movement, muscle weakness, and functional limitations. Participants will be assigned to perform either eccentric or concentric unilateral open kinetic chain quadriceps exercises using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM). The exercise program will be conducted three times per week for six weeks. The primary objective is to evaluate differences in quadriceps muscle strength between the two exercise approaches. Secondary outcomes include changes in knee range of motion and functional capacity measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The results of this study are expected to provide evidence to guide exercise prescription in rehabilitation programs for patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Conditions

Knee Osteoarthritis

Keywords

Knee osteoarthritis; Quadriceps femoris; Eccentric exercise; Concentric exercise; Muscle strength; WOMAC

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in Quadriceps Muscle Strength

  Quadriceps muscle strength measured in kilograms using the 10-repetition maximum (10-RM) method on the NK Table. The outcome is defined as the difference between baseline and post-intervention values at six weeks.

  Baseline and Week 6

Study Arms (2)

Eccentric Exercise Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants perform unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps strengthening exercises emphasizing eccentric contraction using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM), three times weekly for six weeks.

Other: Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise

Concentric Exercise Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants perform unilateral open kinetic chain full-arc quadriceps strengthening exercises emphasizing concentric contraction using isotonic loading based on a 10-repetition maximum (10-RM), three times weekly for six weeks.

Other: Concentric Quadriceps Exercise

Interventions

Eccentric Quadriceps Exercise OTHER

Unilateral isotonic quadriceps strengthening emphasizing eccentric contraction using the NK Table, 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks, intensity based on 10-RM. Weeks 1-3: 3 sets of 6 repetitions; Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 8 repetitions.

Eccentric Exercise Group

Concentric Quadriceps Exercise OTHER

Unilateral isotonic quadriceps strengthening emphasizing concentric contraction using the NK Table, 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks, intensity based on 10-RM. Weeks 1-3: 3 sets of 6 repetitions; Weeks 4-6: 3 sets of 8 repetitions.

Concentric Exercise Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 40 Years - 59 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: This study includes only female participants to reduce variability related to sex-specific differences in muscle strength and osteoarthritis characteristics.
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Female participants aged 40-59 years
• Diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral knee osteoarthritis based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and Kellgren-Lawrence grade II-III
• Knee pain lasting more than 3 months with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score 1-3
• Limited knee flexion range of motion

You may not qualify if:

• History of unstable cardiovascular, respiratory, or metabolic disease
• Knee joint instability due to cruciate or collateral ligament laxity or meniscal injury
• Previous knee surgery
• History of knee intra-articular injection within the last 3 months
• Cognitive impairment (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian Version \[MoCA-Ina\] score \< 26)
• Clinical signs of tendinopathy characterized by pain during active knee extension (open or closed kinetic chain)
• Balance disorders

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Indonesia University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Osteoarthritis, Knee

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Osteoarthritis; Arthritis; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Rheumatic Diseases

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Masking Details: This study is conducted as an open-label trial. Participants and treating therapists are aware of the assigned exercise intervention (eccentric or concentric quadriceps strengthening). No blinding of participants, care providers, or outcome assessors is performed.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: researcher

Model Details: Participants are allocated into two parallel groups performing either eccentric or concentric quadriceps strengthening exercises for six weeks.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 4, 2026
• First Posted: March 10, 2026
• Study Start: July 15, 2024
• Primary Completion: June 13, 2025
• Study Completion: November 21, 2025
• Last Updated: March 11, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Locations

ID (1)