NCT07447297

Brief Summary

The goal of this study to find out the efficacy of early rhythm therapy in patients with subclinical atrial fibrillation detected by Cardiac Electronic Implantable Devices. Early rhythm therapy includes antiarrhythmic drug, cardioversion, and catheter ablation. The general control group receives general management without the above atrial fibrillation rhythm control treatment. Researchers will compare early rhythm control groups to general control groups to see if early rhythm therapy works to reduce the atrial fibrillation burden by 50% or more, or decrease the incidence of clinical AF documentation. Participants will:

  • Randomly allocated to two groups at a 1:1 ratio.
  • Receive the treatment according to their assigned group.
  • Visit the clinic once every three months for checkups and tests.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
520

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
42mo left

Started Jan 2024

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress43%
Jan 2024Dec 2029

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 2, 2024

Completed
1.9 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 23, 2025

Completed
3 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 3, 2026

Completed
1.8 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 15, 2027

Expected
2 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 31, 2029

Last Updated

March 3, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

4 years

First QC Date

November 23, 2025

Last Update Submit

February 27, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

earl rhythm controlsubclinical atrial fibrillationantiarrhythmic drugs

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Less than 50% reduction in atrial fibrillation(AF) burden or clinical AF documentation Incidence Rate (AF recurrence rate)

    Recurrence is defined as * either a less than 50% reduction in AF burden or the detection/occurrence of clinical AF AF control (efficacy) is defined as * reduction in AF burden of 50% or more 10% difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups using a comparison of proportions. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis will be performed, and the Log-rank test will be used to compare the groups. A Cox proportional-hazards model will be performed, including the experimental group and the randomization stratification factor. The hazard ratio and its 95% confidence interval between the two groups will be presented. Statistical significance will be determined by a P-value of \< 0.05.

    From enrollment to 1 year

  • side effects related to medication or other treatments

    From enrollment to 1 year

Secondary Outcomes (6)

  • Atrial fibrillation effect on quality-of-life questionnaire score

    From enrollment to 1 year

  • cardiovascular death, cerebral infarction, hospitalization due to heart failure aggravation

    From enrollment to 1 year

  • NTproBNP(pg/ml)

    From enrollment to 1year

  • Korean Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA)

    From enrollment to 1 year

  • Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)

    From enrollment to 1 year

  • +1 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

early rhythm control group

EXPERIMENTAL

Early rhythm control group receives atrial fibrillation rhythm control treatment based on guidelines. This includes antiarrhythmic treatment, cardioversion, and catheter ablation. Antiarrhythmic drugs include flecainide, propafenone, pilsicainide, sotalol, amiodarone, dronedarone and so on, and the doctor chooses the drug in consideration of structural heart disease, coronary artery disease, abnormal left ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure.(Refer to the Korean Heart rhythm Society atrial Fibrillation Treatment Guidelines) Catheter ablation is a procedure that uses high-frequency energy to block the site of tachycardia in the heart. Cardioversion is a procedure that converts the electrical activity of the heart to sinus rhythm by directly giving electric shock on the surface of the heart. Catheter ablation or cardioversion is a treatment method performed only when clinical atrial fibrillation is confirmed.

Drug: early rhythm control groupProcedure: cardioversion, catheter ablation

general control group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The general control group receives general management without the above atrial fibrillation rhythm control treatment.(Observation without additional medication, or heart rate control treatment if necessary) Heart rate control drugs such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers (Non-dihydropyridine CCB), and digoxin are used for heart rate control according to the doctor's prescription.

Other: general control

Interventions

flecainide, propafenone, pilsicainide, sotalol, amiodarone, dronedarone and so on

early rhythm control group

only when clinical atrial fibrillation (if atrial fibrillation continued for more than 30 seconds on a 12-lead electrocardiogram or holter monitoring) is confirmed

early rhythm control group

General management without atrial fibrillation rhythm control treatment.(Observation without additional medication, or heart rate control treatment if necessary) Heart rate control drugs such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers (Non-dihydropyridine CCB), and digoxin are used for heart rate control according to the doctor's prescription.

general control group

Eligibility Criteria

Age19 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Among patients with Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED), subjects with atrial high rate episodes found Cardiac implantable electronic devices: implantable loop recorder, pacemaker, implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD), cardiac resynchronized therapy(CRT)
  • Patients aged 19 or older who have agreed to the study (if voluntary consent is deemed difficult, consent from legal representatives is obtained together)
  • If the accumulated period of the atrial high rate episode during the three-month observation period is more than 21 hours
  • Patients whose atrial fibrillation has not been confirmed by electrocardiogram or holter monitoring within the past year from the time atrial high rate episode was detected
  • However, enrollment is possible even if it includes one of the following two cases ⓐ Patients diagnosed and recorded as atrial fibrillation on medical records but not confirmed by electrocardiogram or holter monitoring
  • ⓑ If there is a record of atrial fibrillation, but Paroxysmal AF less than 30 seconds

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients deemed inappropriate to participate in the study by the investigator
  • Patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation with 12-lead electrocardiogram or holter within the past year prior to participation in the study
  • Patients taking Class Ic, III of antiarrhythmic drugs prior to study participation
  • Patients who have had rhythm control treatments such as Radiofequency catheter ablation (RFCA), Total thoracoscopic ablation (TTA), Maze procedure (MAZEop), and antiarrhythmic treatment due to atrial fibrillation (except for CTI ablation with AFL)
  • Patients whose life expectancy is less than one year (e.g., patients who can't even have a heart transplant, patients who receive DNR, Patients in hospice wards who refuse life-sustaining treatment, terminal cancer patients who cannot receive radiation or chemotherapy, etc.)

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Samsung Medical Center

Seoul, Seoul, 06351, South Korea

RECRUITING

Related Publications (3)

  • Sagris D, Georgiopoulos G, Pateras K, Perlepe K, Korompoki E, Milionis H, Tsiachris D, Chan C, Lip GYH, Ntaios G. Atrial High-Rate Episode Duration Thresholds and Thromboembolic Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Nov 16;10(22):e022487. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.022487. Epub 2021 Nov 10.

  • Hindricks G, Potpara T, Dagres N, Arbelo E, Bax JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Boriani G, Castella M, Dan GA, Dilaveris PE, Fauchier L, Filippatos G, Kalman JM, La Meir M, Lane DA, Lebeau JP, Lettino M, Lip GYH, Pinto FJ, Thomas GN, Valgimigli M, Van Gelder IC, Van Putte BP, Watkins CL; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 1;42(5):373-498. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa612. No abstract available.

  • Kirchhof P, Camm AJ, Goette A, Brandes A, Eckardt L, Elvan A, Fetsch T, van Gelder IC, Haase D, Haegeli LM, Hamann F, Heidbuchel H, Hindricks G, Kautzner J, Kuck KH, Mont L, Ng GA, Rekosz J, Schoen N, Schotten U, Suling A, Taggeselle J, Themistoclakis S, Vettorazzi E, Vardas P, Wegscheider K, Willems S, Crijns HJGM, Breithardt G; EAST-AFNET 4 Trial Investigators. Early Rhythm-Control Therapy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 1;383(14):1305-1316. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2019422. Epub 2020 Aug 29.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Atrial FibrillationAtrial Flutter

Interventions

Electric CountershockCatheter Ablation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Arrhythmias, CardiacHeart DiseasesCardiovascular DiseasesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Electric Stimulation TherapyTherapeuticsRadiofrequency AblationRadiofrequency TherapyAblation TechniquesSurgical Procedures, Operative

Central Study Contacts

Ju Youn Kim, Clinical assistant professor, MD, Ph.D

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 23, 2025

First Posted

March 3, 2026

Study Start

January 2, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 15, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2029

Last Updated

March 3, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Locations