Ultrasound Estimation of Fetal Macrosomia at Term: Diagnostic Accuracy Within 24 Hours of Delivery

NCT07433751 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: ECHO-MACRO
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 285
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Obstetric ultrasonography is now an essential tool for monitoring pregnancy. In France, three ultrasounds are recommended during a singleton pregnancy (at 12, 22, and 32 weeks of amenorrhea) to improve maternal and neonatal care. Among the parameters studied, fetal weight estimation allows for the assessment of fetal growth and the detection of certain conditions such as intrauterine growth restriction or macrosomia. Fetal weight estimation is based primarily on the Hadlock formula, which combines several biometric measurements (head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length). This estimate has a margin of error of 6 to 10% compared to birth weight, which is still accurate enough to guide important medical decisions, such as inducing labor or performing a cesarean section. However, an estimation error can have negative consequences for both mother and child. Fetal macrosomia is defined as a birth weight greater than or equal to 4000 g. It affects approximately 5 to 10% of pregnancies. Screening is mainly based on ultrasound, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Macrosomia is associated with an increased risk of complications for the mother (cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, or deep vein thrombosis) and the child (shoulder dystocia, fractures, brachial plexus palsy, or neonatal asphyxia). These risks are increased in cases of macrosomia in the context of maternal diabetes. Within the gynecology-obstetrics department, physicians use the protocole of macrosomia screening described in the DAME trial. If macrosomia is suspected an additional ultrasound is performed at around 36 weeks of amenorrhea. The Hadlock formula is used to estimate fetal weight. The ultrasound criteria for suspecting macrosomia are an estimated fetal weight above the 95th percentile (90th percentile in cases of maternal diabetes) according to WHO curves. In these cases, induction is offered between 38 and 39 weeks of amenorrhea, if the cervix is favorable. A cesarean section is offered to the patient if the estimated fetal weight is greater than 5000 g in the absence of diabetes and greater than 4500 g in cases of associated diabetes. Nevertheless, the probability of a child being born macrosomic after ultrasound suspicion is between 17% and 80% on average, and 53% in our center. Although beneficial in the context of macrosomia, the effects of induced labor or cesarean delivery are not insignificant for the mother and her baby. In this context, the value of this study is to demonstrate that performing an ultrasound as close to the birth as possible could allow for a more reliable estimation of fetal weight and better detection of macrosomia in order to avoid unnecessary procedures. The investigators hypothesize that fetal weight estimation is more accurate when performed within 24 hours prior to delivery. When the assessment is conducted earlier, it inherently assumes a constant fetal growth rate until birth, which may not reflect actual growth patterns. A more precise estimation of birth weight could improve clinical decision-making and optimize maternal and neonatal care, potentially reducing unnecessary interventions such as labor induction or cesarean delivery.

Conditions

Macrosomia; Fetal Weight

Keywords

Macrosomia; Fetal weight; Ultrasound

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Frequency of fetal macrosomia

  Frequency will be expressed as numbers and percentages

  24 hours before birth

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Assess the diagnostic performance of the different ultrasound examinations for the detection of fetal macrosomia at birth.

  At birth

Study Arms (2)

Group 1

EXPERIMENTAL

Macrosomia confirmed by ultrasound at 36 weeks

Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 12 weeks of amenorrhea; Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 22 weeks of amenorrhea; Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 32 weeks of amenorrhea; Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia before birth

Group 2

OTHER

Macrosomia not confirmed by ultrasound

Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 12 weeks of amenorrhea; Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 22 weeks of amenorrhea; Diagnostic Test: Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 32 weeks of amenorrhea

Interventions

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 12 weeks of amenorrhea DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 12 weeks of amenorrhea (estimated weight according to the Hadlock formula and WHO growth charts)

Group 1; Group 2

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 22 weeks of amenorrhea DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 22 weeks of amenorrhea (estimated weight according to the Hadlock formula and WHO growth charts)

Group 1; Group 2

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 32 weeks of amenorrhea DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia at 32 weeks of amenorrhea (estimated weight according to the Hadlock formula and WHO growth charts)

Group 1; Group 2

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia before birth DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Ultrasound estimation of fetal macrosomia within 24 hours ± 6 hours, prior to birth (estimated weight according to the Hadlock formula and WHO growth charts)

Group 1

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Age ≥ 18 years old.
• Patient with suspected fetal macrosomia above the 95th percentile, or above the 90th percentile in the case of maternal diabetes, according to Hadlock's formula and WHO charts, during the third-trimester ultrasound (between 32 and 34 weeks of amenorrhea).
• Female patient presenting for a follow-up ultrasound at 36 ± 1 weeks of amenorrhea due to suspected macrosomia.
• Singleton pregnancy.

You may not qualify if:

• Fetal weight estimation at 36 ± 1 weeks of amenorrhea and macrosomia assessment performed outside of the hospital.
• Patient with uncertain gestational age.
• Patient with a multiple pregnancy
• Presence of detectable morphological or chromosomal abnormalities.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Centre Hospitalier Henri Duffaut - Avignon: lead

Study Sites (1)

Centre Hospitalier d'Avignon, Hôpital Henri Duffaut

Avignon, 84000, France

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Fetal Weight

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Central Study Contacts

Marilyne Grinand, PhD

CONTACT

(+33)432759392; grinand.marilyne@ch-avignon.fr

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 19, 2026
• First Posted: February 25, 2026
• Study Start: April 8, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): March 1, 2028
• Study Completion (Estimated): September 1, 2028
• Last Updated: June 16, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

FR (1)