The Relationship Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Oral Health

NCT07427095 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: UPHOralHealth11/25
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 200
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this observational study is to examine the potential relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and the presence of dental caries and periodontal disease, and to evaluate the role of the Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI) in this association. The main question it aims to answer is: Does increased consumption of ultra-processed foods raise the risk or severity of dental caries and periodontal disease in individuals? Participants will include individuals within a specified age range who voluntarily agree to participate in the study. Oral health status will be assessed through standard clinical parameters, including the presence of caries, plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing. Dietary habits will be evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and individual UPFI scores will be calculated. The study will aim to observe and analyze the effects of ultra-processed food consumption on oral health outcomes.

Conditions

Ultra-processed Food

Keywords

Ultra-Processed Food; tooth decay; periodontal disease; oral health

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Ultra-Processed Food Index (UPFI)

  This index system is a quantitative indicator used to measure the proportion of ultra-processed foods in the diets of individuals or populations. It is expressed as a score system and shows how much of the total daily energy intake comes from ultra-processed foods. It is usually calculated from dietary data of an individual or group.

  Day 1

Secondary Outcomes (14)

• Decayed Missing Filled Tooth (DMFT) Index

  Day 1

• Community Periodontal Index (CPI) Score

  Day 1

• Age

  Day 1

• Waist Circumference

  Day 1

• Gender

  Day 1

Study Arms (1)

Adult patients

Patients aged between 18-65 will be randomly included.

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients coming to the Periodontology Clinic of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Dentistry for routine treatment

You may qualify if:

• Individuals between the ages of 18 and 65,
• Individuals with at least 20 teeth,
• Not having received periodontal treatment in the last 6 months,
• Not having taken antibiotics, steroids, and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 3 weeks,
• Not having any autoimmune disease, osteoporosis, or cancer,
• Not using immunosuppressive drugs, oral contraceptives, or bisphosphonates,
• Not being pregnant,
• Not having an active infectious disease (acute hepatitis, tuberculosis, AIDS),
• Not using chronic medications that affect periodontal tissues (cyclosporine A, Phenytoin),
• Not having taken antioxidant supplements in the last 6 months.

You may not qualify if:

• Patients with endocrine or genetic disorders such as hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus, or Cushing's syndrome
• Patients with active infectious disease
• Patients taking medications that may affect periodontal tissues
• Patients who have recently taken antibiotics (within 4 months)
• Patients with alcohol/drug use
• Patients with psychological disorders
• Patients with eating disorders, dementia
• Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding
• Patients with any food allergies
• Patients who do not sign the informed consent form

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital: lead

Study Sites (1)

Department of Periodontology of the Faculty of Dentistry of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University

Rize, Rize Province, 53200, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dental Caries; Periodontal Diseases

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Tooth Demineralization; Tooth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Mouth Diseases

Central Study Contacts

Oguz KOSE, Professor Dr.

CONTACT

+90 541 348 64 65; oguz.kose@erdogan.edu.tr

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE ONLY
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Target Duration: 1 Day
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 15, 2026
• First Posted: February 23, 2026
• Study Start: April 27, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): September 7, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): October 26, 2026
• Last Updated: February 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)