Differences in Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Young Swimmers

NCT07425873 | Active Not Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: 29.12.2025-2025/12
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 28
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This research aims to examine the effects of different swimming styles (freestyle, breaststroke, butterfly, and backstroke) on the characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles in young swimmers. Although it is known that shoulder girdle muscles undergo different levels of activation depending on swimming style, studies systematically examining these differences, especially in young swimmers during their developmental years, are limited. Identifying style-based differences in shoulder girdle muscle activation is of great importance for both optimizing training programs and preventing injuries.

Conditions

Young People

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Measuring the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.

  bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency \[Hz\], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness \[N/m\], D - Logarithmic Decrement \[relative unit\], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time \[ms\], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time \[relative unit\], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO.

  From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a tape measure.

  From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.

• Measuring the length and range of motion of the upper extremity using a digital goniometer.

  From enrollment to the end of measurements at 6 weeks.

Study Arms (4)

Breaststroke

Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.

Freestyle

Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.

Butterfly

Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.

Backstroke

Other: Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro.; Other: Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure.; Other: Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer.

Interventions

Measuring of the biomechanical properties of muscles with MyotonPro. OTHER

MyotonPro is used to measure the biomechanical properties of muscle. During measurements, participants will be seated in a chair with back support; bilaterally Biomechanical properties (F - Natural Oscillation Frequency \[Hz\], characterizing Tone or Tension, S - Dynamic Stiffness \[N/m\], D - Logarithmic Decrement \[relative unit\], characterizing Elasticity, R - Mechanical Stress Relaxation Time \[ms\], C - Ratio of Relaxation and Deformation time \[relative unit\], characterizing Creep) of the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle and the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius muscle were measured using Myoton PRO. All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.

Backstroke; Breaststroke; Butterfly; Freestyle

Measurement of the length of the upper extremity with a tape measure. OTHER

The measuring tape will be used to measure the swimmers' Right and left arms length (cm) and Arm span (cm). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.

Backstroke; Breaststroke; Butterfly; Freestyle

Measuring the range of motion of the upper extremity joints with a digital goniometer. OTHER

Passive range of motion of the upper extremity shoulder joint (flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation) will be measured using a digital goniometer. Results will be recorded in degrees (°). All measurements will be compared statistically according to swimming styles.

Backstroke; Breaststroke; Butterfly; Freestyle

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 12 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Young swimmers

You may qualify if:

• Being between 12-18 years old
• Having been involved in at least one swimming style for at least 3 years
• Having participated in at least one competition
• Obtaining parental consent. Obtaining parental consent.

You may not qualify if:

• Having undergone any surgery on the shoulder girdle muscles.
• Having any orthopedic or physical disorder in the shoulder girdle muscles (e.g., frozen shoulder).
• Participating in another sport besides swimming.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Istanbul Gelisim University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Istanbul Gelisim University

Istanbul, Avcılar, 34310, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Links

• Related Info

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 27, 2026
• First Posted: February 23, 2026
• Study Start: December 12, 2025
• Primary Completion: March 1, 2026
• Study Completion: April 1, 2026
• Last Updated: March 27, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)