NCT07315217

Brief Summary

This double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial will evaluate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and matched healthy controls. Participants aged 6-19 years will be assigned to active or sham rTMS protocols targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex over 3 weeks, with assessment of changes in disorder-specific symptoms and cortical excitability. The study aims to determine the safety, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of rTMS as a non-invasive neuromodulation approach in pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders.

Trial Health

65
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Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
80

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
9mo left

Started Jan 2026

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress32%
Jan 2026Feb 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

December 18, 2025

Completed
14 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 1, 2026

Completed
1 day until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 2, 2026

Completed
12 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 1, 2027

Expected
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

February 1, 2027

Last Updated

January 2, 2026

Status Verified

December 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

1 year

First QC Date

December 18, 2025

Last Update Submit

December 18, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Cortical excitabilitynon invasive brain stimulationADHDAutism

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Change in ADHD symptom severity

    Mean change in total score on a validated ADHD rating scale (for example, Conners' Parent Rating Scale) from baseline to end of treatment, comparing active rTMS with sham in children and adolescents with ADHD. The primary analysis will use mixed-effects models including fixed effects for group (active vs sham), time, and group × time interaction to estimate the treatment effect on ADHD symptom severity.

    Baseline (pre-treatment) and within 1 week after completion of the 3-week rTMS/sham treatment course.

  • Change in autism symptom severity

    Mean change in total score on a validated autism rating scale (for example, Childhood Autism Rating Scale-2 \[CARS-2\]) from baseline to end of treatment, comparing active rTMS with sham in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. The analysis will use mixed-effects models including fixed effects for group (active vs sham), time, and group × time interaction to estimate the treatment effect on autism symptom severity.

    Baseline (pre-treatment) and within 1 week after completion of the 3-week rTMS/sham treatment course.

Study Arms (4)

ADHD Active rTMS

EXPERIMENTAL

Children and adolescents with ADHD receive high-frequency rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (10 Hz, 1200-1500 pulses per session, 100-110% of resting motor threshold) for 15 sessions over 3 weeks in addition to standard care.

Device: Active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

ADHD Sham rTMS

SHAM COMPARATOR

Children and adolescents with ADHD receive sham rTMS using the same session schedule and procedures as the active ADHD rTMS arm, with coil positioning and sound mimicking stimulation but without effective magnetic pulses, plus standard care.

Device: Sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (sham rTMS)

ASD Active rTMS

EXPERIMENTAL

Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder receive low-frequency (1 Hz) or intermittent theta-burst rTMS over bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (about 1200 pulses per session) for 15 sessions over 3 weeks, according to the protocol and ethical approval, plus standard care.

Device: Active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

ASD Sham rTMS

SHAM COMPARATOR

Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder receive sham rTMS over bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with identical session number and duration as the active ASD rTMS arm, but without effective stimulation, plus standard care.

Device: Sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (sham rTMS)

Interventions

Active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation delivered using a figure-of-eight coil. For ADHD, high-frequency 10 Hz rTMS is applied over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 100-110% resting motor threshold, 1200-1500 pulses per session, 15 sessions over 3 weeks. For ASD, 1 Hz inhibitory rTMS or intermittent theta-burst stimulation is applied over bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with approximately 1200 pulses per session, 15 sessions over 3 weeks.

ADHD Active rTMSASD Active rTMS

Sham rTMS using the same device and schedule as active treatment, with coil positioning and acoustic cues mimicking stimulation but without delivering effective magnetic pulses. Fifteen sham sessions are administered over 3 weeks for ADHD and ASD participants in the sham arms, in addition to standard clinical care.

ADHD Sham rTMSASD Sham rTMS

Eligibility Criteria

Age6 Years - 19 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • Age 6-19 years.
  • ASD trial: DSM-5 diagnosis of ASD confirmed by CARS-2.
  • ADHD trial: DSM-5 diagnosis of ADHD confirmed by structured interview/CONORS
  • IQ ≥ 70.
  • Stable medication for ≥4 weeks (if any).

You may not qualify if:

  • Epilepsy or seizure history.
  • Metallic implants or devices incompatible with TMS.
  • Severe psychiatric comorbidity (e.g., psychosis).
  • Inability to tolerate TMS procedures.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutistic Disorder

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior DisordersNeurodevelopmental DisordersMental DisordersAutism Spectrum DisorderChild Development Disorders, Pervasive

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Resident at Neuropsychiatry Department, Assiut University

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

December 18, 2025

First Posted

January 2, 2026

Study Start

January 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

February 1, 2027

Last Updated

January 2, 2026

Record last verified: 2025-12