NCT07293663

Brief Summary

This study explores how nursing students learn to insert a nasogastric tube (NGT), a common but potentially risky clinical procedure. The goal is to compare three different teaching methods: Mixed Reality (MR) glasses with virtual instructions Video-based learning Traditional instructor-led training The study investigates which method leads to better learning outcomes, how usable the technologies are, and how students experience MR in their learning. Participants will be first-year nursing students with no prior experience in NGT insertion. They will be randomly assigned to one of the three training methods, complete the procedure, and answer questionnaires about their performance and experience. Six months later, they will repeat the procedure to assess long-term learning.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
160

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
12mo left

Started Feb 2025

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress55%
Feb 2025Apr 2027

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 12, 2025

Completed
9 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 23, 2025

Completed
26 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

December 19, 2025

Completed
1.3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2027

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2027

Last Updated

December 19, 2025

Status Verified

December 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

2.1 years

First QC Date

November 23, 2025

Last Update Submit

December 6, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Nasogastric Tube InsertionNursing EducationMixed RealityVideo-Based LearningInstructor-Led TrainingMeta Quest 3Nursing Clinical SkillsRandomized Controlled TrialNursing StudentsExtended Reality in Healthcare

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • NGT Checklist Performance Score

    Student performance in nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion is assessed using a structured NGT checklist. Total score on the NGT checklist is 38 point. Higher scores indicate better procedural performance. The checklist evaluates both technical and non-technical procedural steps to determine clinical competence. Assessment is conducted immediately after the intervention (M1) and again six months later (M2) without instructional support. Checklist completed by a research assistant or staff member observing the student performing the NGT procedure on a manikin. The NGT checklist is based on validated tools (e.g., Kebede et al., 2024) and is designed to objectively measure students' ability to perform NGT insertion safely and correctly.

    Immediately after training; 6 months after training

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ)

    Immediately after intervention

  • System Usability Scale (SUS)

    Immediately after intervention

  • NASA Task Load Index (NASA TLX)

    Immediately after intervention

  • Student Reflection Texts

    Immediately after intervention

  • Nasogastric Tube (NGT) theory pre- and post-test

    Baseline; Immediately after intervention

Study Arms (3)

Mixed Reality Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm receive nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion training using Meta Quest 3 mixed reality glasses. The instructional application, developed with CTRL Studio, provides stepwise virtual guidance. Students receive technical familiarization before practice. The instructional content is standardized and identical to other groups. This arm evaluates the effectiveness and usability of MR-based training.

Device: Mixed Reality NGT Training

Video-Based Learning Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm receive NGT insertion training by watching a video recorded from the operator's point of view using a head-mounted, voice-controlled smart camera. The video is identical to the MR and instructor-led groups and can be replayed during practice. No verbal guidance is provided during the procedure. This arm evaluates the effectiveness and usability of video-based training.

Device: Video-Based NGT Training

Instructor-Led Training Group (Control)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm receive classroom-based instruction including theoretical slides and a live demonstration of the NGT insertion procedure. Students practice individually on a manikin under teacher supervision. The teacher answers questions but does not provide step-by-step coaching. This arm serves as the control condition and represents traditional teaching methods.

Behavioral: Instructor-Led NGT Training

Interventions

Participants use Meta Quest 3 mixed reality glasses with a stepwise instructional application developed in CTRL Studio. The application provides interactive virtual guidance for nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion. Students receive technical familiarization before practice. Content is standardized and identical to other groups.

Also known as: Meta Quest 3 MR Training
Mixed Reality Group

Participants watch a video of the NGT insertion procedure recorded from the operator's point of view using a head-mounted, voice-controlled smart camera. The video is identical to the MR and instructor-led groups and can be replayed during practice. No verbal guidance is provided during the procedure.

Also known as: Video-Based Skill Training
Video-Based Learning Group

Participants receive classroom-based instruction including theoretical slides and a live demonstration of the NGT insertion procedure. Students practice individually on a manikin under teacher supervision. The teacher answers questions but does not provide step-by-step coaching.

Also known as: Traditional Teaching, Classroom-Based Instruction, Teacher-Guided Training
Instructor-Led Training Group (Control)

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • First-year nursing student
  • Performing nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion for the first time
  • No prior theoretical education or pre-material on NGT insertion procedure

You may not qualify if:

  • Previous nursing education (e.g., practical nurse qualification)
  • Diagnosis of epilepsy
  • Presence of a pacemaker

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Turku University of Applied Sciences

Turku, 20520, Finland

RECRUITING

Study Officials

  • Marika Leppänen, Doctoral Researcher

    University of Turku, Department of Nursing Science

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Heli Virtanen, Professor

    University of Turku, Department of Nursing Science

    STUDY CHAIR
  • Minna Kyttälä, Professor

    University of Turku, Department of Education

    STUDY CHAIR
  • Teijo Lehtonen, Doctor of Science (Technology)

    University of Turku, Department of Computing

    STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Marika Leppänen, Doctoral Researcher

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Masking Details
Only the outcomes assessor is blinded to group allocation. Students, instructors, and researchers are aware of the assigned intervention. The assessor evaluates NGT insertion performance without knowledge of which instructional method the student received.
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Participants are randomized into three parallel groups, each receiving a different instructional method for nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion training. All groups follow the same standardized protocol and instructional content. The MR group uses Meta Quest 3 mixed reality glasses with a stepwise virtual application developed in CTRL Studio. The video group watches a head-mounted smart camera recording of the procedure. The instructor-led group receives classroom-based instruction and a live demonstration. Each student performs the procedure individually on a manikin, and outcomes are assessed post-intervention and at six-month follow-up.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 23, 2025

First Posted

December 19, 2025

Study Start

February 12, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2027

Last Updated

December 19, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-12

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

No, individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared. The data collected in this study will be used solely for statistical analysis and the publication of aggregated results in peer-reviewed scientific articles. Due to ethical considerations, including participant confidentiality and the nature of the consent obtained, individual-level data will not be made publicly available.

Locations