NCT07290127

Brief Summary

This study aims to explore whether playing the computer game Tetris can reduce PTSD symptoms in women who have undergone emergency caesarean births. Additionally, as a feasibility study, it seeks to provide essential data and insights that will guide the design and implementation of future larger-scale RCTs examining the effects of Tetris in this context. The specific objectives are to explore:

  1. 1.Whether playing Tetris within 24 hours of an emergency C-section help to reduce symptoms of PTSD.
  2. 2.Clinical feasibility and acceptability for an intervention (ie. game Tetris) immediately after a cesarean section.
  3. 3.Issues arising from the research design, including requitement and sample size.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
120

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
11mo left

Started Dec 2025

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
enrolling by invitation

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress31%
Dec 2025Mar 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 30, 2025

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 13, 2025

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

December 18, 2025

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 31, 2026

Expected
10 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 31, 2027

Last Updated

December 18, 2025

Status Verified

December 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

6 months

First QC Date

June 30, 2025

Last Update Submit

December 14, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

post-traumatic stress disorderPTSDpostpartummental healthemergency caesarean birthrandomised controlled trialcomputer gameTetrispilot studyfeasibility study

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) scores (intrusive, avoidance and total scores) at one month postpartum

    The participants are asked to report the degree of distress experienced for each item in the past 7 days. The 5 points on the scale are: 0 (not at all), 1 (a little bit), 2 (moderately), 3 (quite a bit), 4 = (extremely).

    At one month postpartum

Secondary Outcomes (6)

  • IES-R at 5 days postpartum

    At 5 days postpartum

  • Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 5 days and one month postpartum

    At 5 days and one month postpartum

  • Labour Agentry Scale (LAS) at 5 days and one month postpartum

    At 5 days and one month postpartum

  • Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ) at 5 days and one month postpartum

    At 5 days and one month postpartum

  • Breastfeeding Status

    At 5 days and one month postpartum

  • +1 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (5)

  • The number of women who met the eligibility criteria but declined to participate in the study and their reasons for doing so.

    At one month postpartum

  • Follow-up rate

    At one month postpartum

  • Questionnaire response rate.

    At one month postpartum.

  • +2 more other outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL
Behavioral: implementation of a brief computer-based intervention "Tetris"

Usual care group

NO INTERVENTION

Interventions

Within 24 hours of emergency caesarean birth, the participants played Tetris (TetrisⓇ99), a cognitive task, for at least 10 and up to 15 minutes on a Nintendo Switch Lite game console.

Intervention group

Eligibility Criteria

Age20 Years+
Sexfemale(Gender-based eligibility)
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Women aged 20 years or older
  • Women who have undergone an emergency caesarean birth within the previous 24 hours
  • Must be able to understand instructions and respond to the questionnaire in Japanese

You may not qualify if:

  • Undergoing treatment for psychiatric disorders such as PTSD, depression, anxiety disorders or schizophrenia.
  • Undergoing intensive care after surgery .
  • The physician does not approve participation for any physical or mental reasons .

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Perinatal epidemiology Department of Human Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

Kyoto, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Japan

Location

Related Publications (42)

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  • World Health Organization(2008): Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices : conclusions of a consensus meeting held 6-8 November 2007 in Washington D.C. ,USA.

    RESULT
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  • Sarason IG, Levine HM, Basham RB, Sarason BR(1983): Assessing Social Support: The Social Support Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 44(1)127-139.

    RESULT
  • Gurber S, Baumeler L, Grob A, Surbek D, Stadlmayr W. Antenatal depressive symptoms and subjective birth experience in association with postpartum depressive symptoms and acute stress reaction in mothers and fathers: A longitudinal path analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017 Aug;215:68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.05.021. Epub 2017 May 30.

  • 毛利多恵子(1994):産婦の身体拘束が陣痛体験に及ぼす影響.1993年度聖路加看護大学大学院修士論文

    RESULT
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  • 岡野 禎, 村田 真, 増地 聡, 他(1996) 日本版エジンバラ産後うつ病自己評価票(EPDS)の信頼性と妥当性. 精神科診断学. 7(4):525-533.

    RESULT
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  • Asukai N, Kato H, Kawamura N, Kim Y, Yamamoto K, Kishimoto J, Miyake Y, Nishizono-Maher A. Reliability and validity of the Japanese-language version of the impact of event scale-revised (IES-R-J): four studies of different traumatic events. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2002 Mar;190(3):175-82. doi: 10.1097/00005053-200203000-00006.

  • Weiss DS(2004): The Impact of Event Scale-Revised. In: Wilson, J.P., Keane T.M. eds., Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD(Second Edition). The Guilford Press, New York, 168-189.

    RESULT
  • Ayers S, Rados SN, Balouch S. Narratives of traumatic birth: Quality and changes over time. Psychol Trauma. 2015 May;7(3):234-42. doi: 10.1037/a0039044.

  • Adshead G. Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2000 Aug;177:144-8. doi: 10.1192/bjp.177.2.144.

  • Horsch A, Vial Y, Favrod C, Harari MM, Blackwell SE, Watson P, Iyadurai L, Bonsall MB, Holmes EA. Reducing intrusive traumatic memories after emergency caesarean section: A proof-of-principle randomized controlled study. Behav Res Ther. 2017 Jul;94:36-47. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.03.018. Epub 2017 Apr 6.

  • Monfils MH, Cowansage KK, Klann E, LeDoux JE. Extinction-reconsolidation boundaries: key to persistent attenuation of fear memories. Science. 2009 May 15;324(5929):951-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1167975. Epub 2009 Apr 2.

  • Krans J, Naring G, Holmes EA, Becker ES. Motion effects on intrusion development. J Trauma Dissociation. 2010;11(1):73-82. doi: 10.1080/15299730903318483.

  • Lilley SA, Andrade J, Turpin G, Sabin-Farrell R, Holmes EA. Visuospatial working memory interference with recollections of trauma. Br J Clin Psychol. 2009 Sep;48(Pt 3):309-21. doi: 10.1348/014466508X398943. Epub 2009 Jan 30.

  • James EL, Bonsall MB, Hoppitt L, Tunbridge EM, Geddes JR, Milton AL, Holmes EA. Computer Game Play Reduces Intrusive Memories of Experimental Trauma via Reconsolidation-Update Mechanisms. Psychol Sci. 2015 Aug;26(8):1201-15. doi: 10.1177/0956797615583071. Epub 2015 Jul 1.

  • Kida S. Reconsolidation/destabilization, extinction and forgetting of fear memory as therapeutic targets for PTSD. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019 Jan;236(1):49-57. doi: 10.1007/s00213-018-5086-2. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

  • Abel T, Lattal KM. Molecular mechanisms of memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2001 Apr;11(2):180-7. doi: 10.1016/s0959-4388(00)00194-x.

  • McGaugh JL. Memory--a century of consolidation. Science. 2000 Jan 14;287(5451):248-51. doi: 10.1126/science.287.5451.248.

  • Gentile M a,b, Lieto A(2022): The role of mental rotation in TetrisTM gameplay: An ACT-R computational cognitive model. Cognitive Systems Research 73 1-11.

    RESULT
  • Walker MP, Brakefield T, Hobson JA, Stickgold R. Dissociable stages of human memory consolidation and reconsolidation. Nature. 2003 Oct 9;425(6958):616-20. doi: 10.1038/nature01930.

  • Brewin CR. Episodic memory, perceptual memory, and their interaction: foundations for a theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychol Bull. 2014 Jan;140(1):69-97. doi: 10.1037/a0033722. Epub 2013 Aug 5.

  • Astill Wright L, Horstmann L, Holmes EA, Bisson JI. Consolidation/reconsolidation therapies for the prevention and treatment of PTSD and re-experiencing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Sep 3;11(1):453. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01570-w.

  • Iyadurai L, Blackwell SE, Meiser-Stedman R, Watson PC, Bonsall MB, Geddes JR, Nobre AC, Holmes EA. Preventing intrusive memories after trauma via a brief intervention involving Tetris computer game play in the emergency department: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. Mol Psychiatry. 2018 Mar;23(3):674-682. doi: 10.1038/mp.2017.23. Epub 2017 Mar 28.

  • Kanstrup M, Singh L, Goransson KE, Widoff J, Taylor RS, Gamble B, Iyadurai L, Moulds ML, Holmes EA. Reducing intrusive memories after trauma via a brief cognitive task intervention in the hospital emergency department: an exploratory pilot randomised controlled trial. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Jan 11;11(1):30. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-01124-6.

  • Slade PP, Molyneux DR, Watt DA. A systematic review of clinical effectiveness of psychological interventions to reduce post traumatic stress symptoms following childbirth and a meta-synthesis of facilitators and barriers to uptake of psychological care. J Affect Disord. 2021 Feb 15;281:678-694. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.092. Epub 2020 Nov 11.

  • de Graaff LF, Honig A, van Pampus MG, Stramrood CAI. Preventing post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth and traumatic birth experiences: a systematic review. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2018 Jun;97(6):648-656. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13291. Epub 2018 Mar 2.

  • Furuta M, Horsch A, Ng ESW, Bick D, Spain D, Sin J. Effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Psychological Therapies for Treating Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Women Following Childbirth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2018 Nov 20;9:591. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00591. eCollection 2018.

  • Takeda S, Takeda J, Murakami K, Kubo T, Hamada H, Murakami M, Makino S, Itoh H, Ohba T, Naruse K, Tanaka H, Kanayama N, Matsubara S, Sameshima H, Ikeda T. Annual Report of the Perinatology Committee, Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2015: Proposal of urgent measures to reduce maternal deaths. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017 Jan;43(1):5-7. doi: 10.1111/jog.13184.

  • Gradus JL, Qin P, Lincoln AK, Miller M, Lawler E, Sorensen HT, Lash TL. Posttraumatic stress disorder and completed suicide. Am J Epidemiol. 2010 Mar 15;171(6):721-7. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwp456. Epub 2010 Feb 16.

  • Yildiz PD, Ayers S, Phillips L. The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in pregnancy and after birth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2017 Jan 15;208:634-645. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.009. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

  • Grisbrook MA, Dewey D, Cuthbert C, McDonald S, Ntanda H, Giesbrecht GF, Letourneau N. Associations among Caesarean Section Birth, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Postpartum Depression Symptoms. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 18;19(8):4900. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084900.

  • Carter J, Bick D, Gallacher D, Chang YS. Mode of birth and development of maternal postnatal post-traumatic stress disorder: A mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis. Birth. 2022 Dec;49(4):616-627. doi: 10.1111/birt.12649. Epub 2022 May 13.

  • Williams C, Patricia Taylor E, Schwannauer M. A WEB-BASED SURVEY OF MOTHER-INFANT BOND, ATTACHMENT EXPERIENCES, AND METACOGNITION IN POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS FOLLOWING CHILDBIRTH. Infant Ment Health J. 2016 May;37(3):259-73. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21564. Epub 2016 Apr 19.

  • Ayers S, Bond R, Bertullies S, Wijma K. The aetiology of post-traumatic stress following childbirth: a meta-analysis and theoretical framework. Psychol Med. 2016 Apr;46(6):1121-34. doi: 10.1017/S0033291715002706. Epub 2016 Feb 16.

  • Dekel S, Stuebe C, Dishy G. Childbirth Induced Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Prevalence and Risk Factors. Front Psychol. 2017 Apr 11;8:560. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00560. eCollection 2017.

  • Howard LM, Molyneaux E, Dennis CL, Rochat T, Stein A, Milgrom J. Non-psychotic mental disorders in the perinatal period. Lancet. 2014 Nov 15;384(9956):1775-88. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61276-9. Epub 2014 Nov 14.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Stress Disorders, Post-TraumaticPsychological Well-Being

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Stress Disorders, TraumaticTrauma and Stressor Related DisordersMental DisordersPersonal SatisfactionBehavior

Study Officials

  • Sachiko Asada, Master's degree

    Perinatal epidemiology Department of Human Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Marie Furuta, Ph.D.

    Perinatal epidemiology Department of Human Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

    STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 30, 2025

First Posted

December 18, 2025

Study Start

December 13, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

May 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 31, 2027

Last Updated

December 18, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-12

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations