Nurse-Led ROOTS-Soft Skills Intervention for Bullying Prevention

NCT07261397 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: NURS-202511.01
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 100
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to evaluate the effect of a nurse-led intervention combining the ROOTS program and soft skills training on emotional regulation and bullying prevention among high school students in Bandung, Indonesia. Bullying remains a major concern in schools and is closely linked to emotional difficulties, poor coping skills, and limited empathy. Strengthening students' emotional regulation is an evidence-based strategy to reduce aggressive behaviors and promote safer school environments. In this study, trained school nurses will deliver an integrated intervention consisting of sessions on identifying emotions, managing stress, developing empathy, communicating effectively, and resolving conflicts. The program is designed to help students better understand their emotions, control impulsive reactions, and build positive relationships with peers. These skills are expected to reduce the risk of bullying-both as perpetrators and as victims. The research uses a quasi-experimental design involving two high schools in Bandung. One school will receive the nurse-led intervention, while the comparison school will continue routine school activities. Students who meet inclusion criteria and provide consent/assent will participate in pre- and post-intervention assessments. The primary outcome is improvement in emotional regulation scores. Secondary outcomes include bullying behavior, empathy, and student perceptions of the school climate. All activities will follow ethical guidelines, including confidentiality, voluntary participation, and the right to withdraw at any time. The study seeks to provide evidence on how nurses can contribute to mental health promotion in schools and support sustainable, school-based bullying prevention strategies.

Conditions

Emotional Regulation Difficulties; Adolescent Mental Health; Bullying Behavior

Keywords

Bullying Prevention; Emotional Regulation; Empathy; High School Students; Nurse-Led Intervention

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Emotional Regulation

  Emotional regulation ability is measured using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA), a 10-item instrument rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The total score ranges from 10 to 50, with higher total scores indicating better overall emotional regulation ability. Changes in the total ERQ-CA score from pre-intervention (week 0) to post-intervention (week 8) are used to evaluate the extent to which the intervention improves participants' capacity to manage and express their emotions adaptively.

  Pre-intervention (week 0) and post-intervention (week 8)

Study Arms (2)

Intervention Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive the Nurse-Led ROOTS Program combined with Soft Skills Training. This eight-week program, facilitated by the school nurse and a teacher, includes peer-led leadership activities, emotion regulation exercises, assertive communication, cognitive reappraisal, and empathy training to prevent bullying and improve emotional regulation.

Behavioral: Nurse-Led ROOTS Program and Soft Skills Training

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in this arm will receive standard care provided at the school without additional psychological intervention.

Interventions

Nurse-Led ROOTS Program and Soft Skills Training BEHAVIORAL

A structured, eight-week program delivered once per week (60-90 minutes/session) by the school nurse and supported by teachers. Core components include: Program orientation and group norms Peer leadership and assertive communication Emotional awareness and labeling Expression management and self-control Cognitive reappraisal exercises Empathy and perspective-taking Peer-led positive values campaign Reflection, feedback, and skill consolidation

Intervention Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 14 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Adolescents aged 14-18 years
• Enrolled in participating secondary schools
• Willing to provide assent, with parental/guardian consent
• Able to understand and communicate in the local language (e.g., Indonesian or English)

You may not qualify if:

• Severe psychiatric conditions requiring immediate clinical intervention (e.g., psychosis, severe depression with suicidal intent)
• Currently receiving structured psychological or psychiatric treatment for emotional regulation or mental health conditions
• Cognitive or developmental disabilities that would prevent meaningful participation in group activities
• Non-consent from parent/guardian or the participant

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Universitas Padjadjaran: lead

Study Sites (1)

SMA Al Marwah and MAN Kota Bandung

Bandung, West Java, 40184, Indonesia

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Emotional Regulation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Self-Control; Social Behavior; Behavior

Study Officials

• Iyus Yosep

  Universitas Padjadjaran

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Participants and school staff are aware of group allocation, but outcome assessors are blinded to minimize measurement bias.
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Students are assigned to either the intervention group receiving the ROOTS and Soft Skills sessions or a control group receiving school-as-usual activities. The intervention lasts 8 weeks with pre- and post-assessments.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 22, 2025
• First Posted: December 3, 2025
• Study Start: July 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: September 30, 2025
• Study Completion: October 5, 2025
• Last Updated: December 12, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ID (1)