Immediate Effects of Flossband and Mobilization With Movement on Shoulder Mobility in Volleyball Athletes

NCT07192003 | Not Yet Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: 7812025
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 36
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if Floss Band application works as effectively as mobilization with movement (MWM) to improve shoulder mobility in volleyball athletes. It will also explore whether these techniques affect athletes' perception of movement fluency and sport-specific performance. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does Floss Band application immediately improve shoulder range of motion in volleyball athletes? Does Floss Band application change the perception of movement fluency compared to MWM? Does Floss Band application impact sport-specific performance tests compared to MWM? Participants will: Be randomly assigned to receive either Floss Band or mobilization with movement Have their shoulder mobility, perception of movement, and sport performance tested before and immediately after the intervention

Conditions

Healthy Athlete; Shoulder Mobility; Musculoskeletal Health

Keywords

Range of Motion; Shoulder; Sports; Physical Therapy Modalities; Mobilization with Movement; Volleyball

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Shoulder Range of Motion - External Rotation

  Glenohumeral external rotation (dominant shoulder) will be measured using the Baseline® Digital Inclinometer. The participant will lie in the supine position with the shoulder abducted to 90°, elbow flexed to 90°, and forearm in neutral. The inclinometer will be placed on the anterior mid-forearm, and the participant will perform active external rotation. Three measurements will be taken, and the mean value will be calculated for analysis.

  Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1)

• Shoulder Range of Motion - Internal Rotation, Flexion, Abduction, Horizontal Abduction

  Internal rotation: same supine position, inclinometer on posterior mid-forearm. Flexion and abduction: seated with hips, knees, and ankles at 90° flexion; inclinometer on anterior humerus for flexion, lateral mid-humerus for abduction. Horizontal abduction: supine, shoulder 90° abduction, 90° external rotation, elbow 90° flexion; inclinometer on anterior mid-humerus. Three measurements per movement will be recorded and averaged.

  Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1)

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Functional Performance - One-arm Seated Single Arm Shot Put Test (OSP)

  Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1)

• Functional Throwing Performance Index (FTPI)

  Baseline (prior to intervention, Day 1) and post-intervention (Day 1)

• Perceived Movement Fluency (VAS)

  Immediately post-intervention (Day 1)

Study Arms (2)

Mobilization with Movement (MWM) Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will perform the standardized Mobilization with Movement (MWM) protocol. While seated in a chair with back support and hips, knees, and ankles at 90° flexion, the researcher will stabilize the scapula with one hand and apply a posterolateral glide to the anterior humeral head with the other hand during active shoulder elevation in the scapular plane. The intervention consists of 3 sets of 10 repetitions, with a 1-minute rest interval between sets. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and immediately post-intervention, including shoulder range of motion using a digital inclinometer, perception of movement fluency using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and sport-specific performance tests (One-arm Seated Shot Put Test and Functional Throwing Performance Index).

Other: Mobilization with Movement (MWM) Group

Floss Band Group (FBG)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm will perform the standardized Floss Band (FBG) protocol. While seated with the shoulder at 90° abduction, the researcher will apply a compressive elastic band made of 100% polymer gel (T.P.E), measuring 210 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 1.3 mm in thickness. The first anchor is placed two fingers medial to the acromion, and the band is wrapped around the shoulder until the second anchor at the end of the band is fixed. After the application, the participant will perform sport-specific movements (spike and serve) for 2 minutes. Following the completion of the compression period, the band will be removed. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and immediately post-intervention, including shoulder range of motion using a digital inclinometer, perception of movement fluency using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and sport-specific performance tests (One-arm Seated Shot Put Test and Functional Throwing Performance Index).

Device: Floss Band Group (FBG)

Interventions

Floss Band Group (FBG) DEVICE

Participants in this arm will perform the standardized Floss Band (FBG) protocol. While seated with the shoulder at 90° abduction, the researcher will apply a compressive elastic band made of 100% polymer gel (T.P.E), measuring 210 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 1.3 mm in thickness. The first anchor is placed two fingers medial to the acromion, and the band is wrapped around the shoulder until the second anchor at the end of the band is fixed. After the application, the participant will perform sport-specific movements (spike and serve) for 2 minutes. Following the completion of the compression period, the band will be removed. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and immediately post-intervention, including shoulder range of motion using a digital inclinometer, perception of movement fluency using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and sport-specific performance tests (One-arm Seated Shot Put Test and Functional Throwing Performance Index).

Floss Band Group (FBG)

Mobilization with Movement (MWM) Group OTHER

Participants in this arm will perform the standardized Mobilization with Movement (MWM) protocol. While seated in a chair with back support and hips, knees, and ankles at 90° flexion, the researcher will stabilize the scapula with one hand and apply a posterolateral glide to the anterior humeral head with the other hand during active shoulder elevation in the scapular plane. The intervention consists of 3 sets of 10 repetitions, with a 1-minute rest interval between sets. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and immediately post-intervention, including shoulder range of motion using a digital inclinometer, perception of movement fluency using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and sport-specific performance tests (One-arm Seated Shot Put Test and Functional Throwing Performance Index).

Mobilization with Movement (MWM) Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Age between 18 and 50 years.
• Male or female volleyball athletes (indoor or beach), at amateur or professional level.
• Regular training routine of at least two sessions per week.
• No shoulder pain at the time of testing or during the previous three months.

You may not qualify if:

• History of shoulder surgery, structural shoulder injuries (e.g., fractures, labrum tear), or recurrent glenohumeral dislocation.
• Skin disorders contraindicating the intervention, including active dermatitis, inflammatory-phase psoriasis, cutaneous infections (e.g., folliculitis), open wounds, burns, eczema, or hypersensitivity in the shoulder region.
• Vascular disorders contraindicating the intervention, including history or diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, symptomatic varicose veins, peripheral arterial disease, lymphedema, or advanced chronic venous insufficiency.
• Other conditions contraindicating intervention: peripheral neuropathies with significant sensory loss, presence of a pacemaker in the region of band application, known allergy to elastic band material, or pain during shoulder movement at assessment.
• Development of shoulder or elbow injuries during the study, especially requiring surgical intervention.
• Participants who voluntarily withdraw from the study at any time.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Federal University of Paraíba: lead

Study Sites (1)

Federal University of Paraíba

Igarapé-Açu, Pará, 58051-900, Brazil

Location

Related Publications (27)

• Young WK, Briner W, Dines DM. Epidemiology of Common Injuries in the Volleyball Athlete. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2023 Jun;16(6):229-234. doi: 10.1007/s12178-023-09826-2. Epub 2023 Apr 4.

  PMID: 37014607 BACKGROUND

• Wassinger CA, Myers JB, Gatti JM, Conley KM, Lephart SM. Proprioception and throwing accuracy in the dominant shoulder after cryotherapy. J Athl Train. 2007 Jan-Mar;42(1):84-9.

  PMID: 17597948 BACKGROUND

• Wang S, Zeng J, Mani R, Chapple CM, Ribeiro DC. The immediate effects of mobilization with movement on shoulder range of motion and pain in patients with rotator cuff-related shoulder pain: A randomized controlled trial (Evolution Trial). Braz J Phys Ther. 2024 Nov-Dec;28(6):101145. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2024.101145. Epub 2024 Nov 20.

  PMID: 39571379 BACKGROUND

• Tozzo MC, Ansanello W, Martins J, Zatiti SCA, de Oliveira AS. Inclinometer Reliability for Shoulder Ranges of Motion in Individuals With Subacromial Impingement Syndrome. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2021 Mar;44(3):236-243. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2020.12.001. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

  PMID: 33926742 BACKGROUND

• Tooth C, Gofflot A, Schwartz C, Croisier JL, Beaudart C, Bruyere O, Forthomme B. Risk Factors of Overuse Shoulder Injuries in Overhead Athletes: A Systematic Review. Sports Health. 2020 Sep/Oct;12(5):478-487. doi: 10.1177/1941738120931764. Epub 2020 Aug 6.

  PMID: 32758080 BACKGROUND

• Tagliarini GO, Junior JRS, Barbosa GMP, Secchi LLB. Performance, Test-retest Reliability, and Measurement Error of the Upper Limb Seated Shot Put Test According to Different Positions of Execution. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Jun 1;V18(3):698-706. doi: 10.26603/001c.75227. eCollection 2023.

  PMID: 37425121 BACKGROUND

• Schwank A, Blazey P, Asker M, Moller M, Hagglund M, Gard S, Skazalski C, Haugsbo Andersson S, Horsley I, Whiteley R, Cools AM, Bizzini M, Ardern CL. 2022 Bern Consensus Statement on Shoulder Injury Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Return to Sport for Athletes at All Participation Levels. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2022 Jan;52(1):11-28. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2022.10952.

  PMID: 34972489 BACKGROUND

• Satpute K, Reid S, Mitchell T, Mackay G, Hall T. Efficacy of mobilization with movement (MWM) for shoulder conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Man Manip Ther. 2022 Feb;30(1):13-32. doi: 10.1080/10669817.2021.1955181. Epub 2021 Aug 1.

  PMID: 34334099 BACKGROUND

• Rose MB, Noonan T. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit in throwing athletes: current perspectives. Open Access J Sports Med. 2018 Mar 19;9:69-78. doi: 10.2147/OAJSM.S138975. eCollection 2018.

  PMID: 29593438 BACKGROUND

• Pascoal AG, Ribeiro A, Infante J. Scapular Resting Posture and Scapulohumeral Rhythm Adaptations in Volleyball Players: Implications for Clinical Shoulder Assessment in Athletes. Sports (Basel). 2023 Jun 8;11(6):114. doi: 10.3390/sports11060114.

  PMID: 37368564 BACKGROUND

• Myers JB, Oyama S, Goerger BM, Rucinski TJ, Blackburn JT, Creighton RA. Influence of humeral torsion on interpretation of posterior shoulder tightness measures in overhead athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 2009 Sep;19(5):366-71. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181b544f6.

  PMID: 19741307 BACKGROUND

• Mine K, Nakayama T, Milanese S, Grimmer K. Effectiveness of Stretching on Posterior Shoulder Tightness and Glenohumeral Internal-Rotation Deficit: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Sport Rehabil. 2017 Jul;26(4):294-305. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2015-0172. Epub 2016 Aug 24.

  PMID: 27632891 BACKGROUND

• Manske R, Wilk KE, Davies G, Ellenbecker T, Reinold M. Glenohumeral motion deficits: friend or foe? Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2013 Oct;8(5):537-53.

  PMID: 24175137 BACKGROUND

• Lin DJ, Wong TT, Kazam JK. Shoulder Injuries in the Overhead-Throwing Athlete: Epidemiology, Mechanisms of Injury, and Imaging Findings. Radiology. 2018 Feb;286(2):370-387. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2017170481.

  PMID: 29356641 BACKGROUND

• Larrivee S, Balg F, Leonard G, Bedard S, Tousignant M, Boissy P. Wrist-Based Accelerometers and Visual Analog Scales as Outcome Measures for Shoulder Activity During Daily Living in Patients With Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy: Instrument Validation Study. JMIR Rehabil Assist Technol. 2019 Dec 3;6(2):e14468. doi: 10.2196/14468.

  PMID: 31793896 BACKGROUND

• Kolber MJ, Vega F, Widmayer K, Cheng MS. The reliability and minimal detectable change of shoulder mobility measurements using a digital inclinometer. Physiother Theory Pract. 2011 Feb;27(2):176-84. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2010.481011. Epub 2010 Aug 8.

  PMID: 20690872 BACKGROUND

• Kelly CF, Oliveri Z, Saladino J, Senatore J, Kamat A, Zarour J, Douris PC. The Acute Effect of Tissue Flossing on Pain, Function, and Perception of Movement: A Pilot Study. Int J Exerc Sci. 2023 Jul 1;16(3):855-865. doi: 10.70252/OKAO5505. eCollection 2023.

  PMID: 37637031 BACKGROUND

• Keller RA, De Giacomo AF, Neumann JA, Limpisvasti O, Tibone JE. Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit and Risk of Upper Extremity Injury in Overhead Athletes: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Sports Health. 2018 Mar/Apr;10(2):125-132. doi: 10.1177/1941738118756577. Epub 2018 Jan 30.

  PMID: 29381423 BACKGROUND

• Juhan T, Bolia IK, Kang HP, Homere A, Romano R, Tibone JE, Gamradt SC, Weber AE. Injury Epidemiology and Time Lost From Participation in Women's NCAA Division I Indoor Versus Beach Volleyball Players. Orthop J Sports Med. 2021 Apr 27;9(4):23259671211004546. doi: 10.1177/23259671211004546. eCollection 2021 Apr.

  PMID: 33997071 BACKGROUND

• Davies GJ, Dickoff-Hoffman S. Neuromuscular testing and rehabilitation of the shoulder complex. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Aug;18(2):449-58. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.18.2.449.

  PMID: 8364600 BACKGROUND

• Cheatham SW, Nadeau J, Jackson W, Baker R. Effects of Tissue Flossing on Athletic Performance Measures: A Systematic Review. Sports (Basel). 2024 Nov 18;12(11):312. doi: 10.3390/sports12110312.

  PMID: 39590914 BACKGROUND

• Challoumas D, Stavrou A, Dimitrakakis G. The volleyball athlete's shoulder: biomechanical adaptations and injury associations. Sports Biomech. 2017 Jun;16(2):220-237. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2016.1222629. Epub 2016 Sep 23.

  PMID: 27659068 BACKGROUND

• Cejudo A, Sanchez-Castillo S, Sainz de Baranda P, Gamez JC, Santonja-Medina F. Low Range of Shoulders Horizontal Abduction Predisposes for Shoulder Pain in Competitive Young Swimmers. Front Psychol. 2019 Mar 6;10:478. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00478. eCollection 2019.

  PMID: 30894833 BACKGROUND

• Burkhart SS, Morgan CD, Kibler WB. The disabled throwing shoulder: spectrum of pathology Part I: pathoanatomy and biomechanics. Arthroscopy. 2003 Apr;19(4):404-20. doi: 10.1053/jars.2003.50128.

  PMID: 12671624 BACKGROUND

• Bonato M, DE Capitani MC, Banfi G. Agility training in volleyball. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2022 Jan;62(1):56-64. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.21.12084-5. Epub 2021 Feb 22.

  PMID: 33615762 BACKGROUND

• Bakshi N, Freehill MT. The Overhead Athletes Shoulder. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2018 Sep;26(3):88-94. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000200.

  PMID: 30059441 BACKGROUND

• Angelopoulos P, Mylonas K, Tsepis E, Billis E, Vaitsis N, Fousekis K. The Effects of Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization, Tissue Flossing, and Kinesiology Taping on Shoulder Functional Capacities in Amateur Athletes. J Sport Rehabil. 2021 Apr 9;30(7):1028-1037. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2020-0200.

  PMID: 33837162 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Movement; Population Groups

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Demography; Population Characteristics

Central Study Contacts

Valéria Oliveira, PhD

CONTACT

+5587999524987; valeria.mayaly@gmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor, Researcher, and Principal Investigator (PhD), Federal University of Paraíba

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 9, 2025
• First Posted: September 25, 2025
• Study Start: October 20, 2025
• Primary Completion: April 18, 2026
• Study Completion: April 18, 2026
• Last Updated: September 25, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ANALYTIC CODE
• Time Frame: IPD and supporting information will be made available starting 6 months after publication of the main study results and will remain accessible for 5 years.
• Access Criteria: Data will be shared with qualified researchers upon request. Researchers must submit a data access request and sign a data use agreement outlining the intended analyses and ensuring confidentiality. Requests will be reviewed by the principal investigator to ensure that proposed use aligns with the study objectives and ethical standards.

Locations

BR (1)