NCT07170735

Brief Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of infectious disease worldwide. The diagnosis of TB typically relies on microbiological evidence of the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) or histological features of the host immune response to MTB in the infected organs. The diagnosis can be enhanced by performing molecular diagnostic tests (e.g. polymerase chain reaction, PCR) on the clinical specimens obtained. Expectorated sputum is usually the first sample sent for MTB culture for suspected pulmonary TB (PTB), which is the most common type of TB. However, this can be particularly challenging for paediatric patients and elderly patients with poor coughing techniques or effort. While for extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), which contributes to 10-20% of TB cases, with TB pleuritis and lymphadenitis as the most common types, invasive investigations are usually required for obtaining clinical specimens of good quality for MTB culture or histological examination. The invasiveness of procedures (e.g. pleural biopsy, lymph node biopsy) and inadequate sensitivity of diagnostic tests could hinder the diagnosis of EPTB. The long turnaround time of MTB culture also creates a challenge for timely diagnosis. Blood sampling for MTB culture or PCR, although non-invasive, has low diagnostic yields. All these urges for non-invasive, rapid and accurate diagnosis of TB. The standard duration of TB treatment is 6 months, with a longer duration up to 12 months required for certain types of EPTB or in patients with underlying comorbidities (e.g. diabetes mellitus). Treatment monitoring and surveillance for relapses are typically based on a composite of clinical symptoms, sputum MTB culture status, and radiographical appearance. All these domains have their drawbacks, including subjective reporting (clinical symptoms), long turnaround times (sputum MTB culture status), and a lack of diagnostic sensitivity (changes in radiographical appearance in PTB). These clinical unmet needs may be overcome if a non-invasive molecular test could accurately quantify the burden of MTB in the body. Recently, it was reported that the level of MTB cfDNA in plasma can be measured by the CRISPR-TB assay. However, the data were derived mainly from the paediatric patient group and did not evaluate the possibility of latent TB infection (LTBI). This new technology remains explorative at the moment. Our group has developed a metagenomic sequencing-based assay for measuring the level of MTB cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma. We hypothesize that this new plasma MTB cfDNA assay has the potential to diagnose active TB disease, treatment monitoring and surveillance monitoring by serially measuring the MTB cfDNA level in the plasma. Similar technology may also be applicable to urine, which requires prospective validation.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
85

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for all trials

Timeline
14mo left

Started Feb 2026

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress25%
Feb 2026Jul 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

September 5, 2025

Completed
7 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

September 12, 2025

Completed
5 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 1, 2026

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 30, 2027

Expected
3 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 31, 2027

Last Updated

April 24, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

1.2 years

First QC Date

September 5, 2025

Last Update Submit

April 21, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Tuberculosis

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • diagnostic performance of the plasma MTB cfDNA assay

    The diagnostic performance of the plasma MTB cfDNA assay in patients with newly diagnosed TB disease

    1 month

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Level of plasma MTB cfDNA level during treatment

    6 months

  • Level of plasma MTB cfDNA level after treatment

    3 months

  • Diagnostic performance of the urine MTB cfDNA assay

    1 month

  • Level of urine MTB cfDNA level during treatment

    6 months

  • Level of urine MTB cfDNA level after treatment

    3 months

Study Arms (3)

TB group

patients with active TB disease

Diagnostic Test: Plasma MTB cfDNA assayDiagnostic Test: Urine MTB cfDNA assay

LTBI group

patients with latent TB infection

Diagnostic Test: Plasma MTB cfDNA assayDiagnostic Test: Urine MTB cfDNA assay

control group

subjects without active TB disease or latent TB infection

Diagnostic Test: Plasma MTB cfDNA assayDiagnostic Test: Urine MTB cfDNA assay

Interventions

Plasma MTB cfDNA assayDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Quantitative measurement of MTB cfDNA level in the plasma

LTBI groupTB groupcontrol group
Urine MTB cfDNA assayDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Quantitative measurement of MTB cfDNA level in the urine

LTBI groupTB groupcontrol group

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

Patients with active TB disease will be recruited as positive control. Patients with latent TB infection, and subjects without active TB disease and latent TB infection will be recruited as negative control.

You may qualify if:

  • TB group: patients hospitalized for newly diagnosed TB disease.
  • LTBI group: patients without TB disease, but with LTBI diagnosed by either tuberculin skin test (TST) or an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) blood test.
  • Control group: patients or healthy volunteers without TB disease and LTBI

You may not qualify if:

  • Initiation of an effective anti-TB treatment regimen more than 24 hours
  • Aged 17 years or younger
  • Life expectancy of less than 12 months

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

Prince of Wales Hospital

Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong

NOT YET RECRUITING

Prince of Wales Hospital

Hong Kong, Hong Kong

RECRUITING

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

Blood

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Tuberculosis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mycobacterium InfectionsActinomycetales InfectionsGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsBacterial InfectionsBacterial Infections and MycosesInfections

Central Study Contacts

Ka Pang Chan, MBChB

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Target Duration
12 Months
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

September 5, 2025

First Posted

September 12, 2025

Study Start

February 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 30, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 31, 2027

Last Updated

April 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations