Effects of Pes Planus on Gait at Different Inclines

NCT07155577 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: Pes Planus
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to investigate the effects of pes planus deformity on gait spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics during walking on different inclines. Participants will include healthy adults aged 18-35 years with flexible bilateral pes planus and normal body mass index. Pes planus severity will be evaluated using the Jack's toe-raise test and the navicular drop test. Gait parameters such as walking speed, cadence, stride length, stance and swing phase percentages, gait cycle duration, as well as pelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation symmetry will be measured using the BTS-G wireless sensor system. Assessments will be performed on both flat and inclined treadmill conditions. The findings are expected to provide new insights into the biomechanical adaptations of pes planus during walking and contribute to the development of an individualized rehabilitation protocol.

Conditions

Flatfoot; Gait

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• Gait Speed (Level vs. Inclined Walking)

  Self-selected walking speed (m/s) measured during 20-m trials under level and inclined treadmill conditions using the BTS-G wireless sensor (L4-L5 placement). Between-group (pes planus vs control) and within-condition comparisons.

  up to 6 months

• Cadence

  Steps per minute captured by BTS-G during level and inclined walking; between-group and within-condition comparisons.Unit of Measure: steps/min.

  up to 6 months

• Stride Length

  Stride length (cm) during level and inclined walking recorded via BTS-G; between-group and within-condition comparisons.

  up to 6 months

• Stance and Swing Phase Percentages

  Percentage of the gait cycle spent in stance and swing (%) under level and inclined conditions using BTS-G; between-group and within-condition comparisons.

  up to 6 months

• Pelvic Kinematics-pelvic tilt

  Pelvic tilt recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.

  up to 6 months

• Pelvic Kinematics-pelvic obliquity

  Pelvic obliquity recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.

  up to 6 months

• Pelvic Kinematics- pelvic rotation

  Pelvic rotation recorded with BTS-G sensor across barefoot, 2 cm heel, and 6 cm heel conditions. It will be recorded as a degree.

  up to 6 months

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Navicular Drop (Severity of Pes Planus)

  Baseline (prior to treadmill assessments)

• BMI (Body Mass Index)

  Baseline (prior to treadmill assessments)

Study Arms (2)

Flexible Pes Planus Group

Adults aged 18-35 years with bilateral flexible pes planus, confirmed by Jack's toe-raise test and navicular drop ≥10 mm

Healthy Control Group

Adults aged 18-35 years with normal BMI and no pes planus deformity.

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adults aged 18-35 years with normal body mass index will be recruited. The study will include two groups: Flexible Pes Planus Group: Participants with bilateral, asymptomatic, flexible pes planus confirmed by Jack's toe-raise test and a navicular drop ≥10 mm. Healthy Control Group: Participants without pes planus deformity and with normal foot posture.

You may qualify if:

• Age 18-35 years
• Normal BMI
• Bilateral, asymptomatic flexible pes planus
• Navicular drop ≥10 mm (both feet)
• Willing and able to provide informed consent and complete the procedure.
• \*\*Healthy Control Group
• Age 18-35 years
• Normal BMI
• No pes planus deformity; otherwise healthy and able to complete procedures

You may not qualify if:

• Use of orthotics/insoles
• Musculoskeletal disorders affecting gait (other than pes planus in the case group)
• Lower extremity injury or surgery within the last 6 months
• Chronic ankle instability
• Any treatment related to the lower extremity/pes planus within the last 6 months

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Hacettepe University: lead
• Yuksek Ihtisas University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Yuksek Ihtisas University

Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Flatfoot

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Talipes; Foot Deformities, Acquired; Foot Deformities; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital; Limb Deformities, Congenital; Musculoskeletal Abnormalities; Congenital Abnormalities; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities

Study Officials

• Aybuke Ertugrul

  Yuksek Ihtisas University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Elıf Ceren Ersoy

  Yuksek Ihtisas University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Busra Kalkan Balak

  Yuksek Ihtisas University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

• Zehranur Dağasar

  Yuksek Ihtisas University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Gungor Beyza Ozvar Senoz

CONTACT

505 388 86 17; beyzaozvar@gmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 27, 2025
• First Posted: September 4, 2025
• Study Start: July 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: January 25, 2026
• Study Completion: May 1, 2026
• Last Updated: January 9, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)