The Effect of Virtual Reality on Cognitive Skills in Schizophrenia

NCT07111689 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2022/10
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 114
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study was conducted to examine the effect of virtual reality intervention, given in addition to conventional occupational therapy intervention, on general cognitive functions (attention, orientation, memory, visual skills, visual-motor skills, praxis, executive functions, etc.) in individuals with schizophrenia. This study was designed in accordance with the CONSORT statement, which standardizes randomized controlled trials. Additionally, the study was approved by a university's scientific research ethics committee.

Conditions

Cognitive Ability General; Virtual Reality; Virtual Reality Cognitive Training; Schizophrenia Disorder

Keywords

schizoprenia; virtual reality; cognitive

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• The Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA)

  The LOTCA is a performance test that consists of 20 items. The test includes testing materials such as card decks, colored blocks, a pegboard set, and other items. Additionally, a manual is provided that defines the cognitive domains assessed and provides administration instructions, and specific scoring guidelines. The LOTCA was scored on a Likert-type scale from 1 to 4, except for items 1-5 which related to categorization, unstructured Risk Object Classification, and structured Risk Object Classification. Higher scores indicate better cognitive functions

  1 hour

Study Arms (2)

Control Group

EXPERIMENTAL

cognitive rehabilitation with conventional occupational therapy intervention

Behavioral: Conventional Occupational Therapy Interventiın

Study Group

EXPERIMENTAL

virtual reality intervention in addition to conventional occupational therapy intervention

Behavioral: Conventional Occupational Therapy Interventiın; Behavioral: Virtual Reality İntervention

Interventions

Conventional Occupational Therapy Interventiın BEHAVIORAL

1-2. Week: Occupation-based interventions for visual skills 3-6. Week: Social Skills Training 7-8. Week: Interventions for participation problems in ADLs

Control Group; Study Group

Virtual Reality İntervention BEHAVIORAL

In this study, the Xbox 360 gaming console and Kinect sensor were utilized for the virtual reality (VR) intervention. The Xbox 360 functions as an interactive gaming platform, while the Kinect sensor is a motion-detection device that captures users' positions and movements through an integrated camera and sensors. The selection of games for the VR intervention was conducted in collaboration with experts from various disciplines. The evaluation process considered the cognitive and functional demands required for successful gameplay, the potential skills each game could enhance, and the overall therapeutic purpose of the selected games. Following an independent assessment of each game, nine games were identified as suitable for the intervention. Given that all selected games shared similar functional requirements, participants were provided access to the full set of games to optimize engagement and motivation.

Study Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• (1) age between 18 and 65 years,
• (2) Participants must have been diagnosed with Schizophrenia according to the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria,
• (3) Participants must be able to read and write at a level that will allow them to understand the content of the study,
• (4) There must be no severe cognitive impairment diagnosed that would prevent participation in the study,
• (5) Participants' antipsychotic treatments must be stable (no medication changes in the last 3 months),
• (6) Participants must be competent to provide informed consent

You may not qualify if:

• (1) Existence of additional diagnoses such as schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder or severe depressive disorder,
• (2) Existence of active substance or alcohol addiction diagnosed in the last 6 months,
• (3) Presence of diseases that may affect cognitive functions such as epilepsy, dementia, Parkinson's disease,
• (6) For female participants, there is pregnancy or breastfeeding,
• (7) There are conditions such as visual or hearing impairment that may prevent active participation

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi: lead

Study Sites (1)

University of Health Science

Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Schizophrenia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc Prof

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 1, 2025
• First Posted: August 8, 2025
• Study Start: April 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: October 21, 2023
• Study Completion: June 13, 2024
• Last Updated: August 8, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)