The Effect of Su Jok Application on Pain, Anxiety and Comfort Levels After Cesarean Section

NCT07091760 | Not Yet Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: Leyla Ertekin Tastan
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 90
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Objective: To determine the effect of Su Jok application on pain, anxiety and comfort level after cesarean section. The research will be conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study with pretest-posttest control group

Conditions

Caesarean Section

Keywords

Caesarean section; Su Jok; Pain; Anxiety; Comfort; Nursing

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Personal Information Form

  There are 21 questions in this form, prepared by the researchers in line with the literature

  10 months

• Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

  The Visual Analog Scale is an assessment tool in which patients mark on a 10 cm ruler. The 10 cm scale, which is a numerical pain assessment scale, starts with "No pain (0)" and ends with "Intolerable pain (10)". The patient is asked to mark the place on the line that expresses pain. The distance marked by the patient is measured by taking zero as the starting distance. In this way, the patient's pain level is determined. In this study, a horizontal VAS will be used to assess pain intensity. The reason for choosing this scale in the study is that it is easy to understand and easy to use by the participants.

  10 months

• Verbal Category Scale

  The scale is based on the selection of the most appropriate word to describe the patient's pain condition. The pain of the patients is evaluated with the scoring method 'No Pain 0 points, Very Mild Pain 2 points, Mild Pain 4 points, Severe Pain 6 points, Very Severe Pain 8 points, Unbearable Pain 10 points'. The patient will be asked to select the appropriate pain level. The scale is easy to apply and easy to classify.

  10 months

• Spielberg State Anxiety Scale

  This scale was developed by Spielberger et al. Developed by. The adaptation of the scale to Turkish and its validity and reliability studies were carried out by Öner and Le Compte in 1983.The scale is a 4-point Likert scale consisting of the options "not at all", "somewhat", "a lot", "completely". There are 10 direct and 10 reversed statements in the scale. Positive (increasing the total anxiety score) for items 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18 in the scale; 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19 Negative scores (reducing the total anxiety score) are obtained for the 20th items. The highest score is 80 and the lowest score is 20. A high total score indicates that the person's anxiety level is also high.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.79 for state anxiety. In this study, Cronbach's Alpha value was found to be 0.83.

  10 months

• Postpartum Comfort Scale

  The scale developed by Karakaplan and Yıldız (2010) to determine women's comfort after cesarean delivery and vaginal delivery is Likert-type and consists of 34 items. Each item is scored between "strongly disagree" (1 point) and "strongly agree" (5 points). The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 34 and the highest score is 170. The scale consists of three sub-dimensions (physical, psychosocial and sociocultural). An increase in the score obtained from the scale indicates an increase in comfort. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.78.

  10 months

Study Arms (3)

Experimental Group

EXPERIMENTAL

A "Su Jok Therapy" training certificate was obtained by the researcher for the application of Su Jok as a nursing intervention. Due to the duration of action of the analgesics used, Su Jok application will be performed at least 4-6 hours after the surgical procedure. A personal information form will be filled out to determine the descriptive characteristics of the patients who meet the inclusion criteria before the application. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Verbal Category Scale, Spielberg State Anxiety Scale and Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) will be applied to determine the pain, anxiety and comfort levels of women before the application. Pain and anxiety levels will be determined 30 minutes after the Su Jok massage and seed application, and pain, anxiety and comfort levels will be determined 6 hours later.

Other: Su Jok Application

Placebo Group

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Due to the duration of action of the analgesics used, Su Jok application will be performed at least 4-6 hours after the surgical procedure. Patients who meet the inclusion criteria will fill out a personal information form to determine their descriptive characteristics before the application. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Verbal Category Scale, Spielberg State Anxiety Scale and Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) will be applied to determine the pain, anxiety and comfort level of the woman before the application. Pain and anxiety levels will be determined 30 minutes after Su Jok massage and seed application to the area without organ reflection, and pain, anxiety and comfort levels will be determined 6 hours later.

Other: Placebo Application

No Intervention : Control group

NO INTERVENTION

Due to the duration of action of the analgesics used, the patient will be interviewed at least 4-6 hours after the surgical procedure. Only routine care of the clinic will be applied to the control group. A Personal Information Form will be filled out to determine the descriptive characteristics of women who meet the inclusion criteria. Afterwards, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Verbal Category Scale, Spielberg State Anxiety Scale and Postpartum Comfort Scale (PPCS) will be completed face to face to determine the level of pain, anxiety and comfort. Pain and anxiety levels will be determined 30 minutes after the pre-test data collection and pain, anxiety and comfort levels will be determined 6 hours later

Interventions

Su Jok Application OTHER

The patient's hands will be preferred for the application due to the comfort and convenience of the woman after cesarean section. Su Jok therapy, massage and seed will be applied to the reflection points on the hand based on the area to be treated.

Experimental Group

Placebo Application OTHER

Placebo Intervention: The placebo group will be massaged and seed will be applied to an area where there is no reflection of the Su Jok organ.

Placebo Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: giving birth by caesarean section
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Being between 18-35 years of age
• Having at least primary school education
• Not having any health problems (such as hypertension, tuberculosis, cancer)
• Not having hearing and vision problem
• Having a cesarean section with regional anesthesia
• Being within the first 48 hours after the operation
• Not having any wounds or infectious diseases in their hands
• Not having a diagnosis of psychiatric disease
• Speaking Turkish, women who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.

You may not qualify if:

• Postpartum hemorrhage
• Incomplete completion of the application stages
• Complications during the application process
• Voluntary withdrawal of the woman from the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Ataturk University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Ataturk University

Erzurum, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pain; Anxiety Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Ayşe AYDIN

  Ataturk University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Central Study Contacts

Ayşe AYDIN

CONTACT

+905434668220; aysea@atauni.edu.tr

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Statistics expert, Participant
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 25, 2025
• First Posted: July 29, 2025
• Study Start: September 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2026
• Last Updated: July 29, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)