Effects of Interactive Toys and Robots on Anxiety and Fear in Children Receiving Nebulized Inhalation in the Pediatric Emergency Department

NCT07056816 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2025-SBB-0315
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 72
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Pediatric emergency services are of critical importance for pediatric patients admitted due to sudden illnesses and traumas. However, these environments are serious sources of stress and anxiety for children due to reasons such as uncertainty, pain, and separation anxiety. The emergency service experience can have long-term effects on the child's psychological state and negatively affect the success of medical interventions. Therefore, the development and implementation of various methods to reduce children's anxiety has become a great necessity. In recent years, interactive toys and robotic systems have been increasingly used in medical settings to reduce children's anxiety. Such technological tools have been shown to provide emotional support to children, reduce stress levels by distracting them, and make medical procedures more tolerable. However, there is not enough evidence-based research on the effectiveness of interactive toys and robots, especially in emergency settings, during common but frightening procedures such as nebulized inhalation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of interactive toys and robots on anxiety and fear in children receiving nebulized inhalation treatment in pediatric emergency services. This study, which will be conducted using a randomized controlled design, will make a significant contribution to understanding and improving children's psychological responses to medical procedures. The study was planned as a randomized controlled trial. The population of this study will be conducted in the pediatric emergency department of Ankara Provincial Health Directorate Yıldırım Beyazıt University Yenimahalle Education and Research Hospital between 05.05.2025-05.05.2026. The sample of this study will consist of 72 children aged between 4-10 who agreed to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria and who received nebulized inhalation treatment and met the inclusion criteria. Hypotheses of the study: H0 = Playing with interactive toys and interactive robots during nebulized inhalation treatment has no effect on anxiety and fear in children. H1 = Playing with interactive toys and interactive robots during nebulized inhalation treatment is effective in reducing anxiety and fear in children.

Conditions

Child; Fear Anxiety; Inhalant Use

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• The level of anxiety is evaluated using the Children Anxiety Meter-State

  The Children's Anxiety Meter (CAM-S) assesses children's anxiety in clinical settings and is used prior to medical procedures. The CAM is drawn like a thermometer with a bulb at the bottom and contains horizontal lines at intervals going upwards. Scale scores range from 0 to 10, where higher values represent higher anxiety. Personal reports and records from children, their parents, the researcher, and the nurse, who are asked to mark the scale with a pen, are used to assess the anxiety levels of children

  during the procedure

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• The level of anxiety is evaluated using the Child Fear Scale

  during the procedure

Study Arms (3)

Interactive Doll Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Interactive Doll: Their hearts beat and they say "hello" as soon as you put it on your finger because they know it's really yours! They also have a different personality and reactions when they open and close your finger. With sensors in their head, mouth and belly, Fingerlings respond to your touch and will respond to you. You can also shake them and turn them upside down for even more reactions because they love to monkey around. And their positive tail can hang down or flip up so they can sit on your table or shelf. Kids will play with the Interactive Doll during the inhalation treatment.

Other: Interactive Doll

Interactive Robot Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Interactive Robot: It has an interactive design that improves children's music listening and learning skills. It attracts children's attention with its vibrant colors and cute design, and teaches them while having fun. It has a voice imitation feature and a response feature that makes different sounds when its head is touched. Children will play with the Interactive Robot during inhalation treatment.

Other: Interactive Robot

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

The standard information given to all children receiving nebulized inhalation treatment in the pediatric emergency department will be given to the children in the control group.

Interventions

Interactive Robot OTHER

Interactive Robot: It has an interactive design that improves children's music listening and learning skills. It attracts children's attention with its vibrant colors and cute design, and teaches them while having fun. It has a voice imitation feature and a response feature that makes different sounds when its head is touched. Children will play with the Interactive Robot during inhalation treatment.

Interactive Robot Group

Interactive Doll OTHER

Interactive Doll: Their hearts beat and they say "hello" as soon as you put it on your finger because they know it's really yours! They also have a different personality and reactions when they open and close your finger. With sensors in their head, mouth and belly, Fingerlings respond to your touch and will respond to you. You can also shake them and turn them upside down for even more reactions because they love to monkey around. And their positive tail can hang down or flip up so they can sit on your table or shelf. Kids will play with the Interactive Doll during the inhalation treatment.

Interactive Doll Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 4 Years - 10 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Being a child between the ages of 4-10,
• Receiving nebulized inhalation treatment in the pediatric emergency department,
• The parent agreeing to participate in the research,
• The child not having speech or vision impairments or any other disabilities that would hinder or prevent communication.

You may not qualify if:

• Children whose parents' permission cannot be obtained
• The child's speech and vision impairment, or any other disability that would make communication difficult or prevent it.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Aylin Kurt: lead

Study Sites (1)

Bartın University

Bartın, 74100, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 29, 2025
• First Posted: July 9, 2025
• Study Start: June 30, 2025
• Primary Completion: July 1, 2025
• Study Completion: September 8, 2025
• Last Updated: December 17, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL

Locations

TU (1)