Acute Effects of Instant Coffee in Capsule vs Beverage Form on Plasma Metabolites

NCT07051291 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: NUS-IRB-2021-464
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 15
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study is designed to evaluate the acute effect of consuming a cup of instant coffee on circulating metabolites and to evaluate whether ingestion of instant coffee in the form of a capsule has a similar effect on circulating metabolites as compared to the conventionally prepared beverage.

Conditions

Coffee

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Caffeine and polyphenol metabolites

  Each participant underwent two interventions, and blood was collected pre- and post- each intervention. Blood was allowed to clot at room temperature. After 30-40 min, serum was separated from entire blood by centrifugation (3000g, 15 min, 4°C) and aliquoted into tubes. All samples were processed on the same day of collection. A total of 7 biomarker compounds (trigonelline, paraxanthine, theophylline, theobromine, caffeine, cyclo(Leu-Pro), and cyclo(Pro-Val)) were quantified using a targeted method developed in-house. The quantification method was optimized by LC retention elution, parent-daughter quantifier mass transitions, and varying MS cone and collision energies (in V) to obtain clear peak separation and height. Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization mode was performed on a Waters Xevo TQ-S Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer system.

  The period between the two study visits ranged between 7 to 28 days.

Study Arms (2)

Instant coffee capsule/ coffee beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Dietary Supplement: Instant Coffee Capsule; Dietary Supplement: Instant Coffee Beverage

Instant coffee beverage/ coffee capsule

EXPERIMENTAL

Dietary Supplement: Instant Coffee Capsule; Dietary Supplement: Instant Coffee Beverage

Interventions

Instant Coffee Capsule DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants received 1.7 grams of instant coffee in the form of three capsules. 200 mL of plain water was provided to participants to swallow the three capsules.

Instant coffee beverage/ coffee capsule; Instant coffee capsule/ coffee beverage

Instant Coffee Beverage DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Dissolved 1.7 grams of instant coffee in 200 mL of hot water to make a coffee beverage.

Instant coffee beverage/ coffee capsule; Instant coffee capsule/ coffee beverage

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 21 Years - 64 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may not qualify if:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding
• Certain medications including Zanaflex, Sirasalud, Ketanest S, Spravato and Ephedrine Sulfate
• Any pre-existing medical conditions, depression, anxiety, caffeine/lactose intolerant, fear of needles and/or blood disorders, allergy to coffee or bovine capsules
• Existing dietary restrictions which makes them unable to consume non-halal certified bovine gelatin (the capsule encasing the coffee powder)
• Recent history of major surgical operations in the past year
• Past or current user of oral/systemic hormone treatment or therapies
• Taken antibiotics in the last 3 months
• Taking nutritional supplements (that contains coffee/tea-related compounds naturally found in other plants)
• Not willing to travel to the University for the study
• Unable to commit to completing both study visits

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National University of Singapore: lead

Study Sites (1)

Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore

Singapore, 117549, Singapore

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Model Details: Participants will receive both interventions (instant coffee capsule and instant coffee beverage) in a randomized order across two visits.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 1, 2025
• First Posted: July 4, 2025
• Study Start: September 22, 2020
• Primary Completion: October 10, 2020
• Study Completion: October 10, 2022
• Last Updated: July 4, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

SG (1)