Effect of Kinesio Tape and Breathing Exercises in Hyperkyphosis

NCT07028307 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: KYPHSZ-2025
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of breathing exercises alone and in combination with kinesiotape application on pain experience, postural alignment, sleep quality, anxiety level, and respiratory capacity in university students with thoracic hyperkyphosis. A total of 30 university students aged between 19-30 with complaints of back pain and increased kyphosis were included in the study and the participants were divided into 2 groups. Breathing exercises included yogic pranayama techniques and were performed 5 days a week for 4 weeks. In the breathing exercises and kinesiotape group, in addition to the breathing exercises applied; kinesiotape application for hyperkyphosis was applied once a week for 4 weeks. Within the scope of the study, participants' posture, respiratory capacity, pain level, anxiety level and functional posture parameters were evaluated.

Conditions

Breathing Exercise; Pranayama; Kinesio Taping; Hyperkyphosis

Keywords

kinesiotaping; pranayama; hyperkyphosis; breathing exercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• The New York Posture Rating

  It is an assessment tool developed to determine the posture disorders of individuals. It was first published in 1958 and allows the body to be analyzed from anterior (front) and lateral (side) perspectives by dividing it into 13 different regions.

  Baseline and week 4

• The McGill Pain Questionnaire

  The questionnaire consists of four main sections. At the beginning of the form, there is information about the patient's medical diagnosis and current problem, the analgesic drugs used and their type and dosage, as well as the patient's perception of pain, the location of the pain, its characteristics, its relationship with time and its severity.

  Baseline and week 4

• Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

  The scale consists of 24 questions in total. The scale consists of 7 components that evaluate sleep quality: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency (time to fall asleep), sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleeping pills, and daytime dysfunction. A high total score from the scale indicates poor sleep quality. A score of 5 or more on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale indicates poor sleep quality.

  Baseline and 4 week

• Beck Anxiety Inventory

  It was developed by Beck et al. (1988) to measure anxiety severity and consists of 21 items. The total score of the scale varies between 0 and 63.

  Baseline and week 4

• Body Oxygen Level Test

  The BOLT test is usually related to the breathing pattern, breath holding time and oxygen level. A low BOLT score of 10-20 seconds indicates poor respiratory capacity and inadequate oxygen intake, while 25-40 seconds is normal, and 40 and above indicates a high BOLT score, which means improved oxygen capacity.

  Baseline and week 4

• C7- Wall Distance

  It is a valid and reliable testing method that measures the perpendicular distance from the C7 spinous process to the wall.

  Baseline and week 4

• Occiput Wall Distance:OWD

  Participants are asked to touch their occiput to the wall while their backs and heels are against the wall and their heads are looking forward. The distance is measured.

  Baseline and week 4

Study Arms (2)

Breathing Exercises Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The breathing exercises applied included yogic pranayama techniques and were performed face to face one day a week and followed with an exercise diary to indicate that they continued these exercises on the remaining days of the week, for a total of 5 days a week and 4 weeks. Reminder messages for the exercises were sent through the WhatsApp group opened with all participants included in the study. In the first session, patient education was given about diaphragmatic breathing and its importance. The breathing techniques applied included Ujjai, Sukha Pranayama and Nadi Shodhana techniques.

Other: Breathing Exercises

Breathing Exercises + Kinesio Taping Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

In addition to the breathing techniques and patient education applied in the breathing exercises group; kinesiotape application for hyperkyphosis was applied by the same physiotherapist once a week for 4 weeks.

Other: Breathing Exercises + Kinesio Taping Group

Interventions

Breathing Exercises OTHER

Ujjai: While the mouth is closed, a hissing sound is made until the space between the throat and lungs is filled with breath, and a slow and deep inhalation is made. Then, without holding the breath, a long and full exhalation is made through a partially closed glottis and a slight laryngeal muscle contraction, and the same sound is made. In each session, two sets of ujjayi technique were applied, with an inhalation:exhalation ratio of 1:2 and 10 respiratory cycles, with a 1-minute rest period between sets. Sukha Pranayama: Applied for 5 minutes with a 5:5 inhalation:exhalation ratio of 6 breaths per minute. Nadi Shodhana: After closing the right nostril with the thumb of the right hand, a slow and deep inhalation is performed through the left nostril. After maximum inhalation, without holding the breath, the left nostril is closed with the fourth finger of the right hand and a full exhalation is performed through the right nostril. Maintaining the closed position of the left nostr

Breathing Exercises Group

Breathing Exercises + Kinesio Taping Group OTHER

The tape was not removed for 5 days from the day of the procedure, but was removed after the 5th day, allowing the skin to rest for 2 days, and then repeated for 4 weeks with a new kinesio tape application. The tapes of those who stated that there was wear or tear on the tape were renewed within a week. After the skin was cleaned with alcohol, the kinesio tape application was applied bilaterally as an I tape with 25-50% tension on the paraspinal muscles from the 7th cervical vertebra to the 12th thoracic vertebra. The I tape was applied horizontally with 50% tension to the point where the kyphotic area was clearly observed. All strips were rubbed to increase adhesion to the skin and activate the tape.

Breathing Exercises + Kinesio Taping Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 30 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• University students
• Those with hyperkyphosis
• Those who volunteer to participate in the study

You may not qualify if:

• Respiratory diseases: Individuals diagnosed with asthma, COPD, interstitial lung diseases and other chronic respiratory diseases
• Smoking
• Surgical history
• Pharmacological treatment

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi: lead
• The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Istanbul Health and Technology University

Istanbul, Beyoğlu, 34275, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Kyphosis

Interventions

Breathing Exercises

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Spinal Curvatures; Spinal Diseases; Bone Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mind-Body Therapies; Complementary Therapies; Therapeutics; Exercise Movement Techniques; Physical Therapy Modalities

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 11, 2025
• First Posted: June 19, 2025
• Study Start: January 3, 2025
• Primary Completion: March 25, 2025
• Study Completion: April 29, 2025
• Last Updated: June 19, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)