Post Prandial Individual Responses to Different Foods

NCT06989164 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: 80689
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 100
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study aims to understand why people respond differently to the same foods, especially when it comes to changes in blood sugar after eating. A continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) will be used to observe how individuals respond to specific meals and drinks (e.g., Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, OGTT). By studying these patterns, the investigators hope to identify different types of metabolism and see if certain foods or food ingredients (like fiber, amino acids, or vinegar) can help control blood sugar better for specific groups. This research will help lay the groundwork for personalized dietary advice based on a person's unique biology.

Conditions

PreDiabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Healthy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Post prandial peak glucose levels

  Delta glucose peak within 3 hours after consuming the standard meal - peak glucose value minus baseline glucose value at time 0 measured by CGM in mg/dL.

  3 hours

• Post prandial glucose area under the curve (AUC)

  AUC (\>baseline) within three hours measured by CGM in mg/dL during the 3 hours after each study meal.

  3 hours

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Glucose time to peak

  3 hours

• Changes in personal post prandial metabolic states as measured in micro-sampling by targeted and untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS)

  1 hour

• Individual microbiome composition

  Baseline

• Changes in postprandial proteomic responses as measured in micro-sampling by Olink

  1 hour

Study Arms (1)

Diet Cycles

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will be asked to consume pre-portioned foods on different days as the first meal of the day, use a CGM, and take saliva and micro samples of blood before and after each meal.

Other: Post prandial testing

Interventions

Post prandial testing OTHER

A variety of foods, supplements, and short prescriptive exercise will be tested to see which one helps mitigate the rise is postprandial glucose after eating carbohydrate containing foods.

Diet Cycles

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 80 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• BMI (body mass index) \>19 kg/m2 but \< 45 kg/m2
• HbA1c \< or equal to 7.0% while not on antihyperglycemic medications
• Be willing to provide written informed consent for all study procedures.
• Able to commute to Stanford campus for on-site visits

You may not qualify if:

• recent (\<6mos) CVD (cardiovascular disease) event
• active malignancy
• kidney/liver disease
• pregnancy/lactation
• chronic inflammatory disease
• eating disorder
• bariatric surgery
• history of acute pancreatitis
• current use of antihyperglycemic, diabetogenic, or weight loss medications
• heavy alcohol use
• physical activity \>2 hours/day
• inability to come to Stanford CTRU (Clinical and Translational Research Unit) for metabolic testing

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Stanford University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Stanford University

Stanford, California, 94304, United States

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Prediabetic State; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes Mellitus; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Post doctoral

Model Details: Participants will be asked to consume pre-portioned foods on different days as the first meal of the day, use a CGM, and take saliva and micro samples of blood before and after each meal. Food, supplements, and short exercise will be tested to see the post prandial effects.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 13, 2025
• First Posted: May 25, 2025
• Study Start: October 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): November 30, 2028
• Study Completion (Estimated): November 30, 2028
• Last Updated: December 2, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Time Frame: De-identified data will be shared with the future publications.
• Access Criteria: De-identified data will be shared in public repositories. Metabolomics, microbiome, proteomics, and CGM measured glycemic response will be open to public access through the corresponding repositories.

Locations

US (1)