Investigation of the Acute Effects of Core Stabilization and 360-Degree Breathing Exercises on Balance and Proprioception in Individuals With Non-Specific Low Back Pain

NCT06943898 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: SCU-FTR-SB-01
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 46
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study is designed as a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Male and female patients aged 18-65 years with complaints of non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) lasting longer than 12 weeks will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned into two parallel groups: control and intervention. The control group will perform core stabilization exercises five days a week for three weeks. In the intervention group, core stabilization exercises will be combined with 360-degree breathing exercises. To our knowledge, there is no randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of combining core stabilization with 360-degree breathing in individuals with NSLBP. The aim of this study is to examine the acute effects of combining 360-degree breathing techniques with core stabilization exercises on balance and proprioception in individuals with NSLBP.

Conditions

Low Back Pain (LBP); Exercise; Core Stability

Keywords

core stability exercise; low back pain; exercise

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• • Proprioception Assessment

  Proprioception will be evaluated using an inclinometric method. An inclinometer is usually placed and fixed at the L3-L4 segment of the lumbar spine. The patient will be asked to achieve and then reproduce a target position. The difference between the reference angle and the reproduced angle (position error) will be recorded as a measure of proprioceptive perception.

  3 week

• Y Balance Test (YBT)

  The Y Balance Test (YBT) will be used to assess balance. Patients will remove their shoes and place the stance foot on the center footplate of the YBT platform. They will attempt to reach maximally with the opposite leg in three directions (anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral), maintaining balance on the stance leg. Maximum reach distances will be recorded.

  3 week

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Core Muscle Endurance Assessment:

  3 week

• Visual Analog Scale (VAS)

  3 week

Study Arms (2)

Control Group (Core Exercises)

OTHER

Core Exercises Group

Other: Core Egzercise

Intervention Group (Core Exercises + Breathing Exercises):

OTHER

Core Exercises + Breathing Exercises

Other: Core Exercises + Breathing Exercises

Interventions

Core Egzercise OTHER

The core exercise group will perform core stabilization exercises for a total of 15 sessions, five days a week for three weeks. Exercises will include pelvic tilt, bridge, dead bug, bird dog, mini squats on a balance board, and wall planks. The number of repetitions will be increased from 10 to 20, and plank duration will be increased from 30 seconds to 45 seconds. A 5-minute warm-up and cool-down session will be included.

Control Group (Core Exercises)

Core Exercises + Breathing Exercises OTHER

This group will perform core stabilization exercises combined with the 360-degree breathing technique, for a total of 15 sessions over three weeks (five days a week). "360-degree breathing" is a novel breathing method targeting deep and controlled inhalations into various regions of the body. Unlike traditional breathing exercises, 360-degree breathing ensures that all directions of the lungs are equally ventilated.

Intervention Group (Core Exercises + Breathing Exercises):

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Low back pain persisting for at least 3 months
• No neurological, rheumatological, or musculoskeletal system problems

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals with neurological, vestibular, or serious orthopedic conditions that may cause physical disability
• Patients with back-leg or dorsolumbar pain due to lumbar disc protrusion or fracture
• Cancer patients
• Individuals with acute infections
• Individuals with respiratory system diseases
• Individuals with any mental disorder that would prevent participation in the study assessment
• Pregnant individuals

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Cumhuriyet University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Sivas, Merkez, 58000, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Low Back Pain; Motor Activity

Interventions

Breathing Exercises

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Back Pain; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mind-Body Therapies; Complementary Therapies; Therapeutics; Exercise Movement Techniques; Physical Therapy Modalities

Study Officials

• Balki, PhD

  Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Central Study Contacts

Study Coordinator, PhD

CONTACT

+905065945067; sbalki@cumhuriyet.edu.tr

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: associate professor

Model Details: two groups with a conventional therapy control group.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 17, 2025
• First Posted: April 24, 2025
• Study Start: July 30, 2025
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2025
• Study Completion: December 1, 2025
• Last Updated: August 6, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)