Handgrip Strength, Trunk Muscle Endurance, and Functional Mobility in Adolescents With Mild Intellectual Disability

NCT06934850 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2025/6862
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 51
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This comparative, cross-sectional observational study examined handgrip strength, trunk muscle endurance, and functional mobility in adolescents aged 12-18 years with mild intellectual disability and compared their performance with typically developing peers. A total of 51 participants were evaluated during a single assessment session, including 24 adolescents with mild intellectual disability and 27 typically developing adolescents. Handgrip strength was measured using a digital hand dynamometer, trunk muscle endurance was assessed using the McGill trunk endurance test battery, and functional mobility was evaluated using the Timed Up and Go Test and the Timed Up and Down Stairs Test. The study also examined the relationships among handgrip strength, trunk muscle endurance, and functional mobility.

Conditions

Intellectual Disability

Keywords

Mild Intellectual Disability; Handgrip Strength; Trunk Muscle Endurance; Functional Mobility; McGill Trunk Endurance Test; Timed Up and Go Test; Timed Up and Down Stairs Test; Adolescents

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Mean Hand Grip Strength in kilograms (kg)

  Handgrip strength was measured separately for the right and left hands using a digital hand dynamometer. Three trials were performed for each hand in a standardized seated position, and the mean of the three trials was recorded in kilograms. Higher values indicated greater handgrip strength.

  At the single study assessment visit (Day 0)

• Trunk Muscle Endurance Assessed With the McGill Test Battery

  Trunk muscle endurance was assessed in seconds using the McGill trunk endurance test battery, consisting of the trunk flexor endurance test, trunk extensor endurance test, right side bridge test, and left side bridge test. The duration for which each standardized test position was maintained was recorded in seconds. Longer durations indicated greater trunk muscle endurance.

  At the single study assessment visit (Day 0)

• Functional Mobility Assessed With the Timed Up and Go Test

  Functional mobility was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test. The time required to complete the standardized test was recorded in seconds. Shorter completion times indicated better functional mobility.

  At the single study assessment visit (Day 0)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Functional Stair Mobility Assessed With the Timed Up and Down Stairs Test (TUDS)

  At the single study assessment visit (Day 0)

Study Arms (2)

Mild Intellectual Disability Group

Adolescents aged 12-18 years with a clinical diagnosis of mild intellectual disability according to DSM-5 criteria, who were able to understand and follow simple verbal instructions and had no orthopedic or neurological limitation preventing completion of the assessments.

Typically Developing Group

Typically developing adolescents aged 12-18 years without a diagnosis of intellectual disability, neurodevelopmental disorder, neurological disease, orthopedic condition, or serious systemic disease that could affect completion of the assessments.

Interventions

Hand grip strength

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 12 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population consisted of adolescents aged 12-18 years recruited using a non-probability convenience sampling method. The mild intellectual disability group included adolescents with a clinical diagnosis of mild intellectual disability according to DSM-5 criteria. The comparison group included typically developing adolescents without intellectual disability or a neurological, neurodevelopmental, orthopedic, or serious systemic condition that could affect assessment performance. All participants included in the final analysis completed the assessments during a single study visit.

You may qualify if:

• Adolescents aged 12-18 years.
• For the mild intellectual disability group: a clinical diagnosis of mild intellectual disability according to DSM-5 criteria.
• Ability to understand and follow simple verbal instructions.
• Ability to complete the assessment procedures safely.
• For the typically developing group: no diagnosis of intellectual disability, neurodevelopmental disorder, neurological disease, orthopedic condition, or serious systemic disease that could affect assessment performance.
• Written informed consent obtained from the participant's legal guardian.
• For participants with mild intellectual disability, verbal assent obtained using an age- and cognition-appropriate explanation.

You may not qualify if:

• An orthopedic or neurological limitation preventing completion of the assessments.
• An additional medical or comorbid condition that could substantially affect assessment performance.
• Inability or unwillingness to complete the assessment session.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Inonu University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Malatya Training and Research Hospital

Malatya, Malatya, 44280, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Links

• Hand grip strength as a proposed new vital sign of health: a narrative review of evidences

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Intellectual Disability

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: BURAK,BUĞDAY , PT, MSc, Lecturer in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 14, 2025
• First Posted: April 18, 2025
• Study Start: April 15, 2025
• Primary Completion: May 19, 2025
• Study Completion: June 4, 2025
• Last Updated: August 4, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)