AI-Generated WhatsApp Reminders vs. No Reminders: Impact on Oral Health in Young Adults

NCT06897033 | Not Yet Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: OPER 1-3-2
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 60
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-generated WhatsApp reminders on improving oral hygiene practices among individuals aged 20-40 years visiting the periodontal clinic at El-Qasr El-Ainy Dental Hospital. Participants will be randomly assigned to either receive health education followed by AI-generated WhatsApp reminders over a 3-month period or to a control group receiving health education only. The primary outcome is the presence of white spot lesions, assessed using the modified Gorelick White Spot Lesion (WSL) index. Secondary outcomes include the presence of dental plaque, measured by the Plaque Index (PI). This study seeks to determine whether AI-generated reminders can enhance oral hygiene adherence compared to standard health education alone.

Conditions

White Spot Lesions; Dental Plaque; Oral Hygiene, Oral Health

Keywords

Oral hygiene; Reminders

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• White Spot Lesion in the oral cavity

  Presence of white spot lesions which will be measured by the modified Gorelick WSL index (Gorelick et al., 1982) which uses categorical scoring system from 0-3.

  3 Months

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Presence of Plaque

  3 Months

Study Arms (2)

Health Education followed by Whatsapp AI-Generated Reminders Group

EXPERIMENTAL

This arm will receive oral health education followed by Whatsapp AI-generated text messages as reminders design to motivate, uplift self efficacy and remind individuals to practice good oral hygiene measures over the course of 3 months.

Behavioral: Health education followed by AI-generated Whatsapp reminders; Behavioral: Oral Health Education

Health Education Only

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

This group will receive personal health education session only.

Behavioral: Oral Health Education

Interventions

Health education followed by AI-generated Whatsapp reminders BEHAVIORAL

Participants will receive dental health education in a one to one personal session followed by Text messages generated by AI large language model (ChatGPT free version) about oral hygiene practices for three month in a tapering frequency. These messages will be designed based on Fogg's Behavior Model, focusing on enhancing motivation, ability, and providing clear triggers for action.

Health Education followed by Whatsapp AI-Generated Reminders Group

Oral Health Education BEHAVIORAL

Oral health education in a one to one session explaining the importance of oral hygiene measures and demonstrating teeth brushing techniques and healthy dietary guidelines and recommendations.

Health Education Only; Health Education followed by Whatsapp AI-Generated Reminders Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 40 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Received a non-surgical periodontal treatment and oral hygiene instructions.
• Own a smartphone with WhatsApp installed.
• Willing and able to provide informed consent to participate in the study.

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals with pre-existing oral health conditions requiring specialized care.
• Patients who received surgical periodontal interventions.
• Participation in another oral health or diet-related study.
• Individuals who do not use WhatsApp or are unwilling to receive messages through the platform.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Cairo University: lead

Related Publications (18)

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  PMID: 6758594 BACKGROUND

• Abou El Fadl RK, Abdel Fattah MA, Helmi MA, Wassel MO, Badran AS, Elgendi HAA, Allam MEE, Mokhtar AG, Saad Eldin M, Ibrahim EAY, Elgarba BM, Mehlis M. Periodontal diseases and potential risk factors in Egyptian adult population-Results from a national cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2021 Nov 3;16(11):e0258958. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258958. eCollection 2021.

  PMID: 34731192 BACKGROUND

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  PMID: 12102700 BACKGROUND

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  PMID: 24028316 BACKGROUND

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  BACKGROUND

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  PMID: 36033812 BACKGROUND

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  PMID: 29358543 BACKGROUND

• LOE H, SILNESS J. PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PREGNANCY. I. PREVALENCE AND SEVERITY. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963 Dec;21:533-51. doi: 10.3109/00016356309011240. No abstract available.

  PMID: 14121956 BACKGROUND

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  PMID: 33396877 BACKGROUND

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  PMID: 29273576 BACKGROUND

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  BACKGROUND

• Saxena K, Gunjal S. Influence of WhatsApp and electronic mail reminders on oral hygiene compliance of orthodontic patients using planimetry : A randomized clinical trial. J Orofac Orthop. 2022 Jul;83(4):269-276. doi: 10.1007/s00056-021-00301-6. Epub 2021 May 4.

  PMID: 33944974 BACKGROUND

• SILNESS J, LOE H. PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PREGNANCY. II. CORRELATION BETWEEN ORAL HYGIENE AND PERIODONTAL CONDTION. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964 Feb;22:121-35. doi: 10.3109/00016356408993968. No abstract available.

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  BACKGROUND

• Senocak I, Camci H. Effect of various active reminders via mobile phone on cooperation of orthodontic teenage patients regarding oral hygiene and Class II elastics use : A three-month follow-up prospective cohort study. J Orofac Orthop. 2025 Aug;86(Suppl 1):39-47. doi: 10.1007/s00056-024-00549-8. Epub 2024 Sep 14.

  PMID: 39276182 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Dental Plaque

Interventions

Health Education, Dental

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Dental Deposits; Tooth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Health Education; Preventive Health Services; Health Services; Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services; Public Health Dentistry; Environment and Public Health

Central Study Contacts

Mohamed Mostafa Kamel Khaleil, Bachelor of Dental Surgery

CONTACT

00201060922999; mohamed_moustafa@dentistry.cu.edu.eg

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: To maintain blinding in my study, I will implement the following steps: Supervisor-Managed Allocation: My supervisor will independently assign participants to either the intervention or control group. Each participant will receive a unique code corresponding to their group assignment, ensuring I remain unaware of their allocation. Automated Messaging System: I will set up an automated system to send WhatsApp reminders based on the codes assigned. This system will operate without revealing to me which participants receive the messages, preserving the blinding.
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principle Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 20, 2025
• First Posted: March 26, 2025
• Study Start: May 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2025
• Study Completion: September 1, 2025
• Last Updated: April 2, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03