NCT06896045

Brief Summary

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects around 200,000 people in France. The only treatment is insulin, administered either by multiple injections, by pump alone or, more recently, by automated insulin delivery systems (AIDs), which have resulted in a very significant improvement in glycaemic control and quality of life. These closed-loop (CL) devices are capable of effectively regulating the conventional factors associated with glycaemic disturbance, namely dietary intake and physical activity. However, they do not account of stress, which some subjects with T1D perceive as a major disrupter of their blood sugar levels. One of the reasons for this is undoubtedly that stress, unlike diet or physical activity, cannot be anticipated. Since stress is difficult to predict, it is also more difficult to study. Its onset, intensity, duration and progression are linked to the subject's experience, psychological state and environment. Not all patients respond to stress triggers in the same way. Some patients appear to be more reactive than others to these agents, particularly when they are exposed to them chronically or repeatedly, in an anxiety-provoking environment. This is known as chronic psychosocial stress, and it is this type of stress that seems to be most closely associated with glycaemic disturbance in subjects with T1D, most often in the form of hyperglycaemia and, more rarely, hypoglycaemia. However, there are no solid epidemiological or experimental data to support these observations. The study we propose is a prospective multicentre clinical trial in 125 subjects with T1D treated with insulin pumps or multi-injections at 14 French university centres. Our aim is to evaluate the relationship between interstitial glucose levels measured by CGM and perceived stress, assessed 4 times a day, away from mealtimes in order to avoid the impact of dietary glycaemia, using a "stressometer". This stressometer is an application designed by CERITD that can be downloaded to the patient's smartphone and consists of an electronic visual analogue scale (VAS) on which the level of stress felt is evaluated quantitatively (continuous value between 0 and 10).

Trial Health

57
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
125

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Apr 2025

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

14 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 28, 2025

Completed
26 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 26, 2025

Completed
27 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

April 22, 2025

Completed
10 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 5, 2026

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

February 5, 2026

Completed
Last Updated

September 29, 2025

Status Verified

September 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

10 months

First QC Date

February 28, 2025

Last Update Submit

September 26, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

stressglycemic control

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Correlation between perceived daily stress, self-assessed on a multi-daily basis using a mobile subjective stress assessment application called a "stress meter", and blood glucose levels measured by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)

    Visual analogue scale to assess stress levels: 0: I feel absolutely no stress 10: I feel extremely stressed

    14 days

Secondary Outcomes (41)

  • HbA1c measurement

    At Inclusion

  • Characterization of 4 patient profiles according to the impact of daily stress on glycemic control

    At inclusion

  • Number of days the Continuous subcutaneous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) worn

    14 days

  • Percentage of time the CGM is active (recommended at least 70% of the time)

    14 days

  • Percentage of sensor time in glucose level measured by the Dexcom One+ CGM time

    14 days

  • +36 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (1)

Visual analog scale to measure stress levels

EXPERIMENTAL
Behavioral: Assess stress levels 4 times a day before meals (morning, noon and evening and at bedtime) using a visual analogue scale

Interventions

In addition to stress assessment with the stress meter, patients will be fitted with a Continious Glucose Monitoring

Visual analog scale to measure stress levels

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Patient with a clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes of at least 1 year, as determined by the medical record;
  • Patient aged at least 18 years;
  • Patient treated with an external insulin pump for at least 2 months or with multi-injections;
  • Patient with a smartphone compatible with iOS 15.0 or higher or Android 12.0 or higher;
  • Patient with a smartphone with Bluetooth 5.0 or higher;
  • Patient with HbA1c ≤ 10% with measurement ≤3 months;
  • Patient with no psychiatric pathology that could interfere with the study;
  • Patient having signed the free and informed consent form to participate in the study;
  • Patient affiliated to the French Social Security system;
  • Patient agreeing not to eat between meals for the duration of the study (except for hypoglycaemia and/or snacks during physical activity);
  • Patient agrees to wear an Empatica EmbracePlus watch for the duration of the study and to charge it according to the device's requirements for recording data;
  • Patient agreed to wear an OURA ring for the duration of the study and to recharge it as required by the device to enable data recording (patients at the CERITD centre only).

You may not qualify if:

  • Type 2 diabetic patient;
  • Patient fitted with a closed loop (or artificial pancreas);
  • Patients with a tendency to snack;
  • Patients undergoing treatment with drugs known to significantly interfere with blood sugar levels or the adrenergic system, such as corticosteroids and beta-blockers;
  • Patients undergoing atropine treatment (Hydroxyzine Chlorhydrate or Atarax®...), likely to modify the EDA (Electrodermal Activity) ;
  • Patients with a known allergy to latex (watch EmbracePlus);
  • Pregnant woman;
  • Nursing woman;
  • Persons deprived of their liberty by judicial or administrative decision, persons under psychiatric care;
  • Persons under guardianship or trusteeship or subject to a legal protection measure
  • Persons who are not affiliated to a social security scheme or are beneficiaries of such a scheme.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (14)

Angers University Hospital

Angers, 49100, France

RECRUITING

Avignon Hospital

Avignon, 84000, France

RECRUITING

Bordeaux University Hospital

Bordeaux, 33075, France

NOT YET RECRUITING

Brest University Hospital

Brest, 29200, France

NOT YET RECRUITING

Dijon University Hospital

Dijon, 21079, France

RECRUITING

CERITD (Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète)

Évry, 91058, France

RECRUITING

Grenoble University Hospital

Grenoble, 38043, France

RECRUITING

St Louis Hospital

La Rochelle, 17000, France

NOT YET RECRUITING

Lille University Hospital

Lille, 59037, France

RECRUITING

DiabeCare diabetes centre

Lyon, 69008, France

NOT YET RECRUITING

European Hospital

Marseille, 13003, France

RECRUITING

Private practice in endocrinology and metabolic diseases

Mérignac, 33700, France

NOT YET RECRUITING

Rennes University Hospital

Rennes, 35200, France

RECRUITING

Strasbourg University Hospital

Strasbourg, 67091, France

NOT YET RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetes MellitusGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic DiseasesEndocrine System DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesImmune System Diseases

Study Officials

  • Sylvia Franc, MD

    Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche pour l'Intensification du Traitement du Diabète

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
NON RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
SINGLE GROUP
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 28, 2025

First Posted

March 26, 2025

Study Start

April 22, 2025

Primary Completion

February 5, 2026

Study Completion

February 5, 2026

Last Updated

September 29, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-09

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations