Effects of Telepsychiatric Parent Training on Caregivers of Children With ADHD (TPT-ADHD)

NCT06884007 | Completed DMC

• 2 other identifiers: 3786-GOA2022/3786-GOA
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 68
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study was conducted to examine the effects of a telepsychiatric parent training program implemented for primary caregivers of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study employed a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and re-test control group design. It was conducted from March to June 2022 via videoconferencing with primary caregivers of children aged 7-12 years diagnosed with ADHD, registered at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Outpatient Clinic of Dokuz Eylül University Hospital. Caregivers in the experimental group completed Turkey's first "Telepsychiatric Parent Training" program, featuring nine 60-minute videoconference sessions. Data were collected using the "Descriptive Information Form," "Zarid Burden Interview (ZBI-22)," "Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14)," and "Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)." Data were collected before the program, after the program, and at the 2-month follow-up. The program was also implemented with caregivers in the control group after the research process was completed. Data from the experimental and control groups were analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVA. To determine the effect of the intervention, post-hoc power (β) analysis was conducted using the G\*Power 3.1.9.7 program, and the level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Study hypotheses are: H1: There is a difference in the average scores of the Caregiving Burden Scale (CBS) for primary caregivers of children with ADHD based on time, group, and the group\*time interaction after the application of a parent training program. H2: There is a difference in the average scores of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) for primary caregivers of children with ADHD based on time, group, and the group\*time interaction after the application of a parent training program. H3: There is a difference in the average scores of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for primary caregivers of children with ADHD based on time, group, and the group\*time interaction after the application of a parent training program. All caregivers (100%) successfully completed the program. Caregivers showed significant improvements in caregiving burden, stress levels , and difficulties.

Conditions

Telepsychotherapy; Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD); Children; Caregiver; Psychosocial Intervention

Keywords

ADHD; child; caregiver; telepsychiatry; videoconference

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-22)

  This outcome measures the caregiver burden experienced by parents of children with ADHD. The ZBI-22 assesses various aspects of the emotional, physical, and social burden on caregivers. It evaluates the level of strain experienced by parents in relation to caregiving tasks and their well-being. The total burden score ranges from 0 to 88, with higher scores indicating a greater level of caregiver burden. Time Frame: The measurement will be taken at pre-test, post-test, and during a follow-up period after the intervention (i.e., 2 months post-intervention) to assess changes over time and group differences.

  Baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test, approximately Week 9), and follow-up at 2 months post-intervention (approximately Week 17).

• Perceived Stress (PSS-14)

  This outcome measures the perceived stress levels of caregivers using the PSS-14. The scale assesses the extent to which caregivers feel stress in their daily lives, particularly regarding the challenges of caring for children with ADHD. The total perceived stress score ranges from 0 to 56, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress.

  Baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test, approximately Week 9), and follow-up at 2 months post-intervention (approximately Week 17).

• Emotional and Behavioral Issues in Children (SDQ)

  This outcome measures the emotional and behavioral issues in children with ADHD, as reported by their caregivers. The SDQ assesses various domains, including emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationships, and prosocial behavior. The total difficulties score ranges from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater emotional and behavioral difficulties.

  Baseline (pre-test), immediately after the intervention (post-test, approximately Week 9), and follow-up at 2 months post-intervention (approximately Week 17).

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Time-Related Changes in the Experimental Group

  Baseline (Week 0), immediately after the intervention (Week 9), and follow-up at 2 months post-intervention (approximately Week 17).

Study Arms (2)

Telepsychiatric Parent Training Program

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this group received Turkey's first "Telepsychiatric Parent Training" program, which consisted of nine 60-minute videoconference sessions aimed at improving caregiver burden, stress, and child behavioral difficulties.

Behavioral: Telepsychiatric Parent Training Program

Routine Care

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this group continued with the routine treatment and services provided to caregivers of children with ADHD at the clinic.

Other: Routine Treatment

Interventions

Telepsychiatric Parent Training Program BEHAVIORAL

This study involves a telepsychiatric parent training program for caregivers of children with ADHD. The program includes 9 sessions, each addressing specific topics related to managing ADHD-related behaviors and enhancing parenting strategies. Sessions are primarily delivered through a telepsychiatric platform, such as video conferencing (e.g., Zoom), with additional support provided through text-based communication via platforms like WhatsApp, and, when necessary, follow-up phone calls. The content covers behavior management techniques, stress coping strategies, and skills for managing emotional and behavioral issues in children with ADHD. This intervention is designed to provide accessible, flexible support to caregivers, enhancing their ability to manage their child's condition.

Telepsychiatric Parent Training Program

Routine Treatment OTHER

Routine treatment and services (no intervention, participants continue with their usual care)

Routine Care

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Willingness to participate in the study.
• Literacy skills (reading and writing ability).
• A primary caregiver of a child diagnosed with ADHD (according to DSM V criteria), aged 7-12 years, currently on medication.
• The primary caregiver must have been responsible for the child's care for at least 3 months.
• The primary caregiver should be 18 years or older.

You may not qualify if:

• The child has additional mental health conditions such as intellectual disability, psychotic disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or pervasive developmental disorder.
• The caregiver misses more than three sessions of the intervention.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Uşak University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Dokuz Eylul University

Izmir, Centrum, 35330, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Dorttepe ZU, Duman ZC. Examination of Telemental Health Practices in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents with Mental Illnesses: A Systematic Review. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2022 Jul;43(7):625-637. doi: 10.1080/01612840.2021.2013366. Epub 2022 Jan 12.

  PMID: 35021018 BACKGROUND

Related Links

• https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Zumra ULKER DORTTEPE, Dr.

  Dokuz Eylul University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: In this study, participants were not informed about which group they were assigned to (experimental or control), as this could have influenced their perception and response to the interventions. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group by a third-party who was not involved in the study itself. Both the participants and the investigators who interacted with them during the study sessions were blinded to group assignments. Additionally, the outcomes assessor, who evaluated the primary and secondary outcomes, was also blinded to group assignment to ensure objective measurement of the effects of the intervention. This approach aimed to minimize bias and ensure the validity of the results by preventing the influence of prior expectations or knowledge on both participant behavior and data assessment.
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: This study employed a parallel-group quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and 2-month follow-up. Participants were assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group received a telepsychiatric parent training program consisting of nine 60-minute videoconference sessions, while the control group continued receiving routine treatment and services without additional intervention during the study period. After the study was completed, the control group was also provided with the same training program. Data were collected at three time points: before the intervention, after the intervention, and at the 2-month follow-up. The study aimed to assess the effects of the intervention on caregiving burden, perceived stress, and child behavioral difficulties.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 12, 2025
• First Posted: March 19, 2025
• Study Start: September 1, 2021
• Primary Completion: June 30, 2022
• Study Completion: July 31, 2022
• Last Updated: March 19, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)