Motor Imagery Training in Non-Specific Low Back Pain

NCT06859645 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: MotorImagery
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 32
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Low back pain is a significant global health issue, affecting a large proportion of the population at some point in their lives. Among the different types of low back pain, non-specific low back pain is the most common. Chronic low back pain has been shown to impact trunk endurance, functional capacity, fatigue, anxiety, and depression levels. Neuroscience-based studies aimed at improving pain management have demonstrated that chronic pain is associated with not only peripheral changes but also central changes. These central changes include abnormalities in the distribution of sensory cortical processing, disinhibition of the motor cortex, and disturbances in body schema perception. Studies have shown that motor imagery training, defined as the mental simulation of movement without actual execution, functions as a cortical-level training method and has positive effects on impaired body schema perception, thereby reducing pain. A review of the literature indicates that motor imagery training contributes to the treatment of pathological pain syndromes such as complex regional pain syndrome, brachial plexus avulsion injury, phantom limb pain, distal radius fracture, and stroke by modulating cortical mechanisms. However, no randomized controlled trials have investigated the effectiveness of adding motor imagery training to exercise therapy in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain, specifically regarding its impact on physical function and psychosocial parameters. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a motor imagery training protocol, applied in addition to exercise therapy, on pain, physical, and psychosocial parameters in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain. A total of 32 individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. All participants will receive telerehabilitation-based exercise therapy under the supervision of a physiotherapist. In addition to the exercise therapy, participants in the intervention group will undergo asynchronous motor imagery training every day for eight weeks, while the control group will receive only exercise therapy. Assessments will be conducted three times: before treatment, at the end of the 8-week intervention, and at the 12th week follow-up. All assessments will be performed through a telerehabilitation-based approach. The study will evaluate participants' pain, fatigue, disability level due to low back pain, anxiety and depression levels, and physical function.

Conditions

Low Back Pain

Keywords

telerehabilitation; motor imagery; low back pain

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Numeric Pain Scale

  The severity of general low back pain experienced by the participants in the last two days will be assessed numerically using the Numeric Pain Scale. Participants will be informed that a score of 0 represents "no pain at all," while a score of 10 represents "the most unbearable pain." Pain severity will be recorded numerically on a scale from 0 to 10.

  Baseline, at 8 week, at 12 week

Secondary Outcomes (9)

• Oswestry Disability Index

  Baseline, at 8 week, at 12 week

• Fatigue Severity Scale

  Baseline, at 8 week, at 12 week

• Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale

  Baseline, at 8 week, at 12 week

• Sit-up Test

  Baseline, at 8 week, at 12 week

• Modified Push-up Test

  Baseline, at 8 week, at 12 week

Study Arms (2)

Motor Imagery and Exercise Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the intervention group will follow a pre-designed motor imagery program in addition to the prescribed exercise training for eight weeks. This program will include exercise videos specifically targeting the lumbar region, along with synchronized audio recordings providing detailed explanations of the exercises. The exercise videos will initially consist of simple exercises and will progressively advance to more complex movements over the course of the intervention. Participants will receive new exercise videos weekly. Each session will last approximately 20-25 minutes, and participants will be required to complete the program daily.

Behavioral: Motor imagey training; Behavioral: Exercise training

Exercise Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in the control group will receive only telerehabilitation-based exercise training under the supervision of a physiotherapist, twice a week for eight weeks.

Behavioral: Exercise training

Interventions

Motor imagey training BEHAVIORAL

In addition to the prescribed exercise training, participants in the intervention group will follow a pre-designed motor imagery program for eight weeks, practicing daily. This program will include pre-recorded exercise videos specifically targeting the lumbar region, along with synchronized audio recordings providing detailed explanations of the exercises.

Motor Imagery and Exercise Group

Exercise training BEHAVIORAL

All participants will receive telerehabilitation-based exercise training under the supervision of a physiotherapist for eight weeks. The exercise program will be delivered via videoconferencing as part of a telerehabilitation-based approach. The exercises, conducted under the physiotherapist's supervision, will consist of flexibility and stabilization exercises targeting the lumbar region and will last approximately 25 minutes per session.

Exercise Group; Motor Imagery and Exercise Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 55 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Being between 18 and 55 years old
• Having a history of low back pain persisting for at least three months
• Experiencing recurrent episodes of low back pain
• Having a low back pain intensity score of 4 or higher on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS) out of 10 during both rest and activity
• Having the ability to use a computer, tablet, or smartphone at a level sufficient to participate in assessments and treatment sessions via videoconference, or having a caregiver who can assist with this
• Volunteering to participate in the study
• Being able to read and understand Turkish

You may not qualify if:

• A history of spinal surgery
• Having traumatic low back injuries
• Presence of severe comorbidities (neurological, neuromuscular, cardiological, psychiatric)
• Presence of tumoral conditions
• Having visual or hearing impairments
• Presence of cognitive impairments
• Receiving physiotherapy for low back pain within the last six months
• Changes in pain medication within the last two months
• Receiving additional treatments beyond routine care
• Being pregnant

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Istanbul Bilgi University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Istanbul Bilgi University

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Low Back Pain

Interventions

Exercise

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Back Pain; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: M.Sc.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 21, 2025
• First Posted: March 5, 2025
• Study Start: March 5, 2025
• Primary Completion: August 1, 2025
• Study Completion: November 14, 2025
• Last Updated: March 17, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)