Tonus, Stiffness and Elasticity of Hand and Wrist Muscles in Smartphone Addiction

NCT06824090 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2024-114
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 56
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The aim of this study was to investigate the tonus, stiffness and elasticity of the hand and wrist muscles in intensive smartphone use.

Conditions

Muscle Biomechanics; Smartphone Addisction

Keywords

smartphone; tonus; stiffness; elasticity

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form

  Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form: In our study, the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form will be filled out in order to evaluate the intensity of smartphone use of students, and the daily duration of smartphone use will be recorded. The scale is a 6-point Likert-type scale consisting of 10 items used to measure the risk of smartphone addiction. Scores obtained from the scale vary between 10-60 and an increase in the score indicates an increased risk for smartphone addiction. The cut-off score of the scale was determined as 31 for men and 33 for women. In the Turkish validity and reliability study, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.86.

  May 1, 2024- January 1, 2025

• Hand grip strength assessment

  Hand grip strength was measured with 'Saehan Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer'. Participants were informed about the correct holding position and use of the instrument. In the measured arm, the position of 90̊ flexion from the elbow joint and completely adjacent to the body was used. The participant's hand was placed in the second grip position of the dynamometer and asked to make the strongest grip he/she could make, right and left measurements were taken.

  May 1, 2024- January 1, 2025

• Finger lateral grip strength assessment

  Finger lateral grip strength was measured with 'Saehan Hydraulic pinch gauge'. Participants were informed about the correct holding position and use of the instrument. While the participant was sitting on a chair with arms supported, the shoulder was adjacent to the trunk and neutral, the elbow joint was in 90 ̊ flexion, the forearm was neutral, the wrist was in 0-30 ̊ extension and 0-15 ̊ ulnar deviation. Right and left finger lateral grip measurements were taken.

  May 1, 2024- January 1, 2025

• Myoton assessment

  Myoton PRO device was used to objectively evaluate the biomechanical properties of the hand and wrist muscles such as tone, stiffness and elasticity. Tenar region, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles were evaluated bilaterally. Three measurements were recorded at one second intervals and the mean value was used for analysis.

  May 1, 2024- January 1, 2025

Interventions

Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form OTHER

Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form: In our study, the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form will be filled out in order to evaluate the intensity of smartphone use of students, and the daily duration of smartphone use will be recorded. The scale is a 6-point Likert-type scale consisting of 10 items used to measure the risk of smartphone addiction. Scores obtained from the scale vary between 10-60 and an increase in the score indicates an increased risk for smartphone addiction. The cut-off score of the scale was determined as 31 for men and 33 for women. In the Turkish validity and reliability study, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.86.

Hand Grip Strength Assessment OTHER

Hand grip strength was measured with 'Saehan Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer'. Participants were informed about the correct holding position and use of the instrument. In the measured arm, the position of 90̊ flexion from the elbow joint and completely adjacent to the body was used. The participant's hand was placed in the second grip position of the dynamometer and asked to make the strongest grip he/she could make, right and left measurements were taken.

Finger Lateral Grip Strength Assessment OTHER

Finger lateral grip strength was measured with 'Saehan Hydraulic pinch gauge'. Participants were informed about the correct holding position and use of the instrument. While the participant was sitting on a chair with arms supported, the shoulder was adjacent to the trunk and neutral, the elbow joint was in 90 ̊ flexion, the forearm was neutral, the wrist was in 0-30 ̊ extension and 0-15 ̊ ulnar deviation. Right and left finger lateral grip measurements were taken.

Myoton Assessment OTHER

Myoton PRO device was used to objectively evaluate the biomechanical properties of the hand and wrist muscles such as tone, stiffness and elasticity. Tenar region, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis and extensor carpi ulnaris muscles were evaluated bilaterally. Three measurements were recorded at one second intervals and the mean value was used for analysis.

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 30 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: Female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

University students

You may qualify if:

• To study at Bandirma Onyedi Eylül University
• Students between the ages of 18-30 years, whose voluntary consent was obtained and who use smartphones

You may not qualify if:

• Individuals with musculoskeletal system problems such as fractures of the hand, fingers and upper extremities, rheumatoid disease with evidence of systemic, specific pathological conditions
• Individuals who have undergone any surgical operation related to hand, finger and upper extremity problems
• Individuals who have received hand, finger and upper extremity related physiotherapy and rehabilitation services in less than 6 months
• Individuals with diagnosed psychiatric illness.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University

Balıkesir, Turkey, 10200, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE ONLY
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Target Duration: 1 Day
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assist. Prof. Dr

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: February 8, 2025
• First Posted: February 13, 2025
• Study Start: May 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: January 1, 2025
• Study Completion: January 1, 2025
• Last Updated: February 13, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-02

Locations

TU (1)