The Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain and Anxiety During Colposcopic Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

NCT06811259 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 002
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 60
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The study was planned as a prospective, two-arm (1:1) randomized controlled experimental study to determine the effect of virtual reality applied during colposcopic biopsy on pain and anxiety. The research hypothesis of the research are as follows; H1a: There is a difference between the pain levels of the virtual reality group and the control group after colposcopic biopsy. H1b: There is a difference between the anxiety levels of the virtual reality group and the control group after colposcopic biopsy.

Conditions

Pain and Anxiety

Keywords

Colposcopy, biopsy, virtual reality, anxiety and pain, nursing

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Pain Assessment

  Visual Analog Scale (VAS) The Visual Analog Scale is used to measure the pain perceived by the person. The individual can indicate their own pain by drawing a line, putting a dot or pointing between the 10 cm (100 mm) section of the scale where there is no pain (zero) on one end and the most severe pain (10) on the other end. The distance from the point where there is no pain to the point marked by the individual is measured in centimeters and the value found indicates the individual's pain intensity. On the VAS scale, 0-44 mm indicates mild pain, 45-74 mm indicates moderate pain, while 75-100 mm reflects severe pain.

  change from during the intervention, at the end of 15 minutes

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Anxiety Assessment

  change from before the intervention, at the end of 15 minutes

Study Arms (2)

Experimental (VR) group

EXPERIMENTAL

For the women in the experimental group, new protective covers will be placed on the headset parts of the VR glasses that the researchers already have before the application. Videos with forest and sea views will be presented to the woman's preference via the VR program loaded onto the phone, the video selected by the woman will be opened and the phone will be inserted into the virtual reality glasses. After the woman is positioned for the gynecological surgical procedure, the virtual reality glasses will be put on and will remain on throughout the procedure. The virtual reality application will be terminated after the colposcopic biopsyis completed. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be filled in during the procedure and 15 minutes after the colposcopic biopsy, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) will be filled in before the colposcopic biopsyand 15 minutes after the colposcopic biopsy.

Other: Virtual reality (in experimental group)

Control group

OTHER

Women in the control group will receive only standard care during colposcopic biopsy. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be completed during the procedure and 15 minutes after the colposcopic biopsy, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) will be completed before and 15 minutes after the colposcopic biopsy.

Other: Standart care

Interventions

Virtual reality (in experimental group) OTHER

Virtual reality application is performed with virtual reality glasses. Virtual reality glasses are a simulation model that provides participants with the opportunity to communicate with a dynamic environment created by computers and gives them a sense of reality. Virtual reality glasses, which have a mechanism compatible with smart phones, allow videos downloaded to mobile phones or watched directly via the internet to be viewed at a 360-degree angle. The two lenses on the device provide panoramic viewing by dividing the image into two equal parts. The bands on the front of the device that fits the face are flexible and prevent the device from slipping from the face. The buckles on the back are adjustable and provide ease of use. Thanks to the proximity sensor on the device, images can be zoomed in and out to obtain a clearer image. Thanks to the device holder on the sides, the phone can be easily placed and removed from the device. Again, videos can be advanced or changed with the tou

Experimental (VR) group

Standart care OTHER

Women in the control group will receive only standard care during colposcopy

Control group

Eligibility Criteria

• Gender Eligibility Details: Just female
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Women over the age of 18,
• Subjected to colposcopic biopsy,
• Not using a medication that directly affects vital signs,
• Not using antidepressants, anxiolytics or sedatives,
• Not using analgesics or anesthetics 24 hours before the procedure,
• Not having any psychiatric illness,
• Not having vision, hearing or perception problems,
• Not having communication problems (can speak Turkish),
• Women who agree to participate in the study verbally and in writing.

You may not qualify if:

• Women under the age of 18,
• Those who have not undergone colposcopic biopsy,
• Those who are taking a medication that directly affects vital signs,
• Those who are taking antidepressants, anxiolytics and sedatives,
• Those who are taking analgesics or anesthetics 24 hours before the procedure,
• Those who have any psychiatric illness,
• Those who have vision, hearing and perception problems,
• Those who have communication problems (cannot speak Turkish),
• Those who have diseases that cause movement sensitivity,
• Those who cannot watch the entire video,
• Women who do not accept to participate in the research verbally or in writing.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Mersin University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Mersin University

Yenişehir, Mersin, 33110, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (2)

• Schmid BC, Marsland D, Jacobs E, Rezniczek GA. A Preparatory Virtual Reality Experience Reduces Anxiety before Surgery in Gynecologic Oncology Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancers (Basel). 2024 May 17;16(10):1913. doi: 10.3390/cancers16101913.

  PMID: 38791991 RESULT

• Oz T, Demirci N. The Effect of Virtual Reality, Music Therapy, and Stress Ball Application on Pain and Anxiety During Outpatient Gynecological Procedures: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Perianesth Nurs. 2024 Dec;39(6):1034-1041. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.01.022. Epub 2024 May 25.

  PMID: 38795085 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pain; Anxiety Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Asst. Prof, PhD

Model Details: Prospective, parallel, two arm, randomized controlled clinical trial

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 31, 2025
• First Posted: February 6, 2025
• Study Start: January 28, 2025
• Primary Completion: September 30, 2025
• Study Completion: December 31, 2025
• Last Updated: February 10, 2026

Record last verified: 2025-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)