The Effect of Web-Based and Face-to-Face Education Based on the Health Promotion Model on Foot Care Behavior in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

NCT06780631 | Active Not Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: 09.2023.240
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 135
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Diabetic foot is a complication that develops difficult-to-heal foot wounds, reduces the quality of life of individuals with diabetes, causes loss of productivity, and causes economic burden due to the repetition of the problem and the expenditures made for treatment. Diabetic foot is the most common complication requiring hospitalization and is the most common cause of non-traumatic amputations. However, this complication can be prevented with regular foot examinations, patient education and daily foot care. For this reason, diabetic foot education should be given to all diabetic patients and they should be encouraged to participate in their self-care. However, educating patients once does not provide enough knowledge to manage diabetes throughout life. As the rate of individuals using web-based information increases, it is possible to reach large masses. With web-based training, information obtained from current sources is presented to patients on a single web page, patients can access training regardless of place or time, and continuity in training is ensured. The aim of this randomized controlled experimental study is to determine the effect of web-based and face-to-face education based on the health promotion model on diabetic foot knowledge and foot care behavior in individuals with diabetes.

Conditions

Diabetic Foot; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Keywords

Diabetic Foot; Self Care; Health Promotiom Model; Web Based Education; Face to Face Education

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Diabetes Foot Knowledge Level

  The scale consists of 5 items and has no subdimensions. In the evaluation of the scale, the total score of the correct questions from the answers given as 'yes' or 'no' to the knowledge question constitutes the scale score. The scoring changez as 1 or 0. An increase in the scale score indicates an increase in the level of knowledge of diabetic feet.

  The knowledge level of the patients is measured with the 5-item "Diabetes Foot Knowledge Qustionnare" ; It will be evaluated before the training, in the first month and in the third month after the training.

• Foot Care Behavior

  The scale consists of 15 items and has no sub-dimensions. These items are evaluated as '1=Never', '2=Occasionally', '3=Sometimes', '4=Often', '5=Always'. The lowest score on the scale is 15 and the highest score is 75. An increase in the scale score indicates that the individual's self-care behaviors are better.

  Patients' foot care behaviors will be questioned with the "Foot Self Care Observation Guide" consisting of 15 items; It will be evaluated before the training, in the first month and in the third month after the training.

• Foot Care Self-Efficacy

  The scale consists of nine items. These nine statements are evaluated on an 11-number visual scale such as 'I don't see it at all adequate = 0' and 'I consider it very adequate = 10'. The lowest score from the scale is 0 and the highest score is 90. An increase in the scale score indicates that the individual's self-efficacy is high.

  Patients' foot care self-efficacy is evaluated with the "Diabetic Foot Care Self Efficacy" consisting of 9 items; It will be evaluated before the training, in the first month and in the third month after the training.

Study Arms (3)

Group-1 (Web-based diabetic foot education applied group)

EXPERIMENTAL

1. In the first interview, individuals in the web training group who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the research; Within the scope of the pre-test, the Patient Information Form, Diabetic Foot Information Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale and Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale will be administered by the researcher in the diabetes education unit of the hospital. 2. After the pre-test, a username and password will be defined for individuals in the web training group so that they can log in to the diabetic foot web training page. 3. Patients will be trained on how to access the diabetic foot web training page, how to access information, and how to use videos. 4. After the first application, in the first and third months, patients will be invited to the diabetes education unit and the Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale and Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale will be re-administered by the researcher through face-to-face interviews.

Other: Web-based diabetic foot education based on health promotion model

Group-2 (Face to face diabetic foot education applied group)

EXPERIMENTAL

1. In the first meeting for individuals in the face-to-face education group; Within the scope of the pre-test, the Patient Information Form, Diabetic Foot Information Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale and Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale will be administered by the researcher in the diabetes education unit of the hospital. 2. After the pre-test, face-to-face diabetic foot training will be given in accordance with the training booklet for approximately 45 minutes. 3. After the first application, in the first and third months, patients will be invited to the diabetes education unit and the Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale and Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale will be re-administered by the researcher through face-to-face interviews.

Other: Face to face diabetic foot education based on health promotion model

Group-3 Clinical routine education applied group (control)

NO INTERVENTION

1\. In the first interview, individuals in the control group who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the research; Within the scope of the pre-test, the Patient Information Form, Foot Care Behavior Checklist, Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale and Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale will be administered by the researcher in the diabetes education unit of the hospital. 2. After the pre-test, individuals in the control group will receive routine training given by the training nurse on duty in the diabetes education unit. Education based on the health promotion model will not be implemented. 3. After the first application, in the first and third months, patients will be invited to the diabetes education unit and the Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale and Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale will be re-administered by the researcher through face-to-face interviews.

Interventions

Web-based diabetic foot education based on health promotion model OTHER

The first group can access the training at any time and repeat the training thanks to web-based training.

Group-1 (Web-based diabetic foot education applied group)

Face to face diabetic foot education based on health promotion model OTHER

Individuals with Type 2 diabetes in the face-to-face training group will receive face-to-face diabetic foot training in line with the training booklet for approximately 45 minutes, one by one.

Group-2 (Face to face diabetic foot education applied group)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 80 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Having been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at least 6 months ago according to ADA criteria
• Being between the ages of 18 and 80
• Ability to read and write
• Not having received diabetic foot training before
• No existing foot ulcers
• Using the Internet (from sources such as smartphone, tablet, computer)
• Being open to communication and collaboration
• No mental problems
• Volunteering to participate in the study

You may not qualify if:

• Wants to leave the study
• Foot ulcer development in a diabetic individual during work

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Marmara University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Kartal Dr.Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Sahin S, Cingil D. Evaluation of the relationship among foot wound risk, foot self-care behaviors, and illness acceptance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prim Care Diabetes. 2020 Oct;14(5):469-475. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.02.005. Epub 2020 Feb 27.

  PMID: 32115378 RESULT

• Pourkazemi A, Ghanbari A, Khojamli M, Balo H, Hemmati H, Jafaryparvar Z, Motamed B. Diabetic foot care: knowledge and practice. BMC Endocr Disord. 2020 Mar 20;20(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12902-020-0512-y.

  PMID: 32192488 RESULT

• Kilic M, Karadag A. Developing and Evaluating a Mobile Foot Care Application for Persons With Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Pilot Study. Wound Manag Prev. 2020 Oct;66(10):29-40.

  PMID: 33048829 RESULT

• Chau JP, Chung LC, Wong RY, Loo KM, Lo SH, So TT, Lau MS, Yeung TH, Leung BS, Tong ML, Li CY, Kwok WW, Thompson DR, Lee DT. An evaluation of a web-based diabetes education program designed to enhance self-management among patients living with diabetes. Comput Inform Nurs. 2012 Dec;30(12):672-9. doi: 10.1097/NXN.0b013e318261f1d2.

  PMID: 22872044 RESULT

• Abrar EA, Yusuf S, Sjattar EL, Rachmawaty R. Development and evaluation educational videos of diabetic foot care in traditional languages to enhance knowledge of patients diagnosed with diabetes and risk for diabetic foot ulcers. Prim Care Diabetes. 2020 Apr;14(2):104-110. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2019.06.005. Epub 2019 Jul 13.

  PMID: 31311727 RESULT

Related Links

• Diabetes Foot Knowledge Qustionnare
• Foot Self Care Observation Guide
• Diabetic Foot Care Self Efficacy Scale

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Diabetic Foot; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diabetic Angiopathies; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Foot Ulcer; Leg Ulcer; Skin Ulcer; Skin Diseases; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetic Neuropathies; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Study Officials

• Aysun Kürkçü

  Kartal Dr.Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital İstanbul, Turkey

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Due to diabetic foot training was applied as an intervention, patients and the researcher will not be considered blind. The evaluator will be considered blind in the analysis of the study.
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: PhD Candidate

Model Details: It is a prospective intervention type three-group randomized controlled clinical study. Distribution according to the groups and layers to be assigned for each intervention; Group-1 (Experiment) was designed as web-based diabetic foot training, Group-2 (Experiment) was designed s face-to-face diabetic foot training, and Group-3 (Control) was designed as clinical routine training.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 13, 2025
• First Posted: January 17, 2025
• Study Start: May 17, 2024
• Primary Completion: October 30, 2024
• Study Completion: January 30, 2025
• Last Updated: January 17, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)