Effect of Active Cycle of Breathing Technique as Add on to Routine Chest Physical Therapy on Respiratory Parameters in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients

NCT06705556 | Active Not Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: Tuf/IRB/292/24
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 72
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 2

Brief Summary

A controlled trial was conducted to determine the effect of the active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) in improving respiratory parameters after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The main aim of this study was to determine the effects of pre and postoperative active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) in coronary artery disease patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery in improving respiratory parameters such as arterial blood gas (ABG), oxygen saturation (SpO2) and respiratory rate. The intervention group performed an active cycle of breathing technique with routine chest physical therapy while the control group performed routine chest physical therapy. Arterial blood gas (ABG), oxygen saturation (SpO2), and respiratory rate were measured at baseline and five days after surgery, every 2 hours on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 and 4 hours on days 4 and 5. Participants in the intervention group performed preoperative routine chest physical therapy sessions were followed as:

• Incentive spirometry, 3 sessions per day, 10 repetitions
• Percussions, 3 sessions per day, 20 repetitions
• 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day
• ACBT, 3 sessions per day The preoperative chest physiotherapy treatment plan was continued after CABG surgery. In addition to these, the following were included postoperatively:
• Nebulization, 3 sessions per day
• 3 minutes of walking, 2 sessions per day
• ACBT, 3 sessions per day While participants in the control group performed the same pre and postoperative sessions except ACBT.

Conditions

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Arterial blood gas

  Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) is a critical test used to evaluate a patient's acid-base balance, oxygenation, and ventilation status by measuring the levels of oxygen (O₂), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and bicarbonate (HCO₃-) in arterial blood.

  ABG test was conducted once preoperative for both groups and after surgery every 2 hours on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3, and every 4 hours on days 4 and 5.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• oxygen saturation (SpO₂)

  SpO₂ was measured once preoperative for both groups and after surgery every 2 hours on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3, and every 4 hours on days 4 and 5.

• Respiratory rate

  Respiratory rate was measured once preoperative for both groups and after surgery every 2 hours on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3, and every 4 hours on days 4 and 5.

Study Arms (2)

The intervention group

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention group: The intervention group (n=36) was instructed to perform the ACBT with routine chest physical therapy pre and postoperatively. The preoperative chest physical therapy was conducted 3 days before surgery and the postoperative CPT, including ACBT, was performed 3 times in the ICU for up to 5 days after surgery. Preoperative routine chest physical therapy sessions were followed as: * Incentive spirometer, 3 sessions per day, 10 repetitions * Percussions, 3 sessions per day, 20 repetitions * 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day * ACBT, 3 sessions per day The preoperative chest physiotherapy treatment plan was continued after CABG surgery. In addition to these, the following were included postoperatively: * Nebulization, 3 sessions per day * 3 minutes of walking, 2 sessions per day * ACBT, 3 sessions per day

Procedure: Active cycle of breathing technique, incentive spirometer, percussion, 3-minute of walking

The control group

EXPERIMENTAL

The control group: The routine Chest physical therapy was performed 3 days before surgery at the preoperative bay and 5 days after surgery in the ICU with 3 sessions each day. Preoperative chest physical therapy sessions were followed as: * Incentive spirometer, 3 sessions per day, 10 repetitions. * Percussions, 3 sessions per day, 20 repetitions. * 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day The preoperative chest physiotherapy treatment plan was continued after CABG surgery. In addition to these, the following were included postoperatively: * Nebulization, 3 sessions per day * 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day

Procedure: incentive spirometer, percussion, 3-minute of walking

Interventions

Active cycle of breathing technique, incentive spirometer, percussion, 3-minute of walking PROCEDURE

The intervention group: patients were asked to perform Active cycle of breathing technique as add on to routine chest physical therapy such as Incentive spirometer, percussion, 3-minute of walking 3 days before surgery and five days postoperative. * Incentive spirometry, 3 sessions per day, 10 repetitions * Percussions, 3 sessions per day, 20 repetitions * 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day * ACBT, 3 sessions per day the following were included postoperatively: * Nebulization, 3 sessions per day * ACBT, 3 sessions per day

The intervention group

incentive spirometer, percussion, 3-minute of walking PROCEDURE

The control group The routine CPT was performed 3 days before surgery at the preoperative bay and 5 days after surgery in the ICU with 3 sessions each day. Preoperative chest physical therapy sessions were followed as: * Incentive spirometry, 3 sessions per day, 10 repetitions. * Percussions, 3 sessions per day, 20 repetitions. * 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day The preoperative chest physiotherapy treatment plan was continued after CABG surgery. In addition to these, the following were included postoperatively: * Nebulization, 3 sessions per day * 3-minutes walking, 2 sessions per day

The control group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 30 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Elective coronary artery bypass graft patients
• The study included both male and female
• to 65 years old patients were included in this study
• Adults with stable coronary artery disease for the last 15 years

You may not qualify if:

• Patient with unstable vitals
• Preoperative pulmonary dysfunction
• COPD or Emphysema
• Asthma and Severe atelectasis
• Renal disorders
• Connected to the ventilator for more than 48 hours

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Sadaf Bukhari: lead

Study Sites (2)

The University of Faisalabad

Faisalabad, Punjab Province, 37000, Pakistan

Location

Dr Sana Ashraf

Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000, Pakistan

Location

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Walking

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Locomotion; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Exercise; Motor Activity

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: The study was single, and assessor blinded. Participants were masked about other groups, but they were knowing what treatment they were receiving. Principal investigator was also not masked or blinded because investigator was applying the techniques on participants of both groups. So participant and principal investigator cannot be blinded. Only assessor was blind and was taken outcome measures without knowing the problem and treatment techniques.
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2024
• First Posted: November 26, 2024
• Study Start: March 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2024
• Study Completion: December 20, 2024
• Last Updated: November 26, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (2)