Screening for AL Amyloidosis in Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

NCT06365060 | Recruiting

• 2 other identifiers: 00003143R01CA279808
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 400
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 13

Brief Summary

In this multicenter study, we will recruit 400 patients 40 years of age or older at 15 centers with a diagnosis of smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), a group of patients for whom standard of care is observation not treatment. The main goal of this study is to screen for the diagnosis of light-chain amyloidosis (AL) before the onset of symptomatic disease and to develop a training set for a likelihood algorithm.

Conditions

Smoldering Multiple Myeloma

Keywords

SMM; AL Amyloidosis

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Creating a network to enroll patients on a collaborative study requiring marrow and blood specimens, to collect data for a training set of likelihood statistics and to plan a future validation study.

  With a 15-center network covering 12 states and almost 45% of the US population, we will evaluate 400 SMM patients \> 40 years old who pass FLC criteria using standard of care tests including NT-proBNP and clinical marrow specimens evaluated for the presence of t(11;14) and gain1q. Marrow cells will be processed by NGS for clonal IGLV gene identification. With the training data obtained, we will use existing statistical modeling techniques to generate a statistical algorithm for identifying undiagnosed cases of AL and assessment of risk of AL, and to plan a validation study testing the training model. We will also investigate a role for the novel biomarker clusterin (Clu) as an indicator of risk of AL in SMM patients; preliminary work indicates that Clu is significantly lower in AL than in SMM patients.

  5 years

• Validating an NGS assay that identifies IGLV genes in clonal plasma cells

  All subjects will have their clonal IGLV genes identified by NGS enabling the creation and validation of a laboratory developed test in a precision medicine laboratory that is certified under regulations of the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA). Approval for this laboratory developed test for both κ and λ IGVL genes will permit providers, patients and researchers to use the test in decision-making to care for monoclonal gammopathy patients. We will also investigate the exploratory objective of defining the alterations in sequence in AL and non-AL FLC derived from the same IGLV germline gene.

  5 years

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 40 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Smoldering Multiple Myeloma patients.

You may qualify if:

• Patients 40 years of age and older
• diagnosed with either Smoldering Multiple Myeloma or a Monoclonal Gammopathy
• dFLC greater than 23 mg/L
• abnormal FLC ratio
• If the patient has an eGFR less than 50 mL/min/1.73m2, the FLC ratio is inconsequential. The patient only needs to meet the age and dFLC criterion.

You may not qualify if:

• Patients younger than 40 years of age are not eligible
• Patients with a previous finding of amyloid in other biopsies will not be included
• Adults unable to consent are not eligible, including the cognitively impaired Pregnant women, pregnant minors, minors (i.e., individuals who are not yet adults), wards of the state, non-viable neonates, neonates of uncertain viability, and prisoners are not eligible

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Tufts Medical Center: lead
• National Cancer Institute (NCI): collaborator

Study Sites (13)

University of Alabama Hospital

Birmingham, Alabama, 35233, United States

RECRUITING

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Los Angeles, California, 90048, United States

RECRUITING

University of California, San Francisco

San Francisco, California, 94143, United States

RECRUITING

Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston Hospital

Weston, Florida, 33331, United States

RECRUITING

Tufts Medical Center

Boston, Massachusetts, 02111, United States

RECRUITING

Columbia University Irving Medical Center

New York, New York, 10032, United States

RECRUITING

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

New York, New York, 10065, United States

RECRUITING

Atrium Health Levine Cancer Institute

Charlotte, North Carolina, 28204, United States

RECRUITING

UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center

Durham, North Carolina, 27705, United States

RECRUITING

The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States

RECRUITING

UT Southwestern, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center

Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States

NOT YET RECRUITING

University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Hospital

Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, United States

RECRUITING

VCU Medical Center

Richmond, Virginia, 23219, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (22)

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• Bodi K, Prokaeva T, Spencer B, Eberhard M, Connors LH, Seldin DC. AL-Base: a visual platform analysis tool for the study of amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chain sequences. Amyloid. 2009 Mar;16(1):1-8. doi: 10.1080/13506120802676781.

  PMID: 19291508 BACKGROUND

• Bujang MA, Adnan TH. Requirements for Minimum Sample Size for Sensitivity and Specificity Analysis. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Oct;10(10):YE01-YE06. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/18129.8744. Epub 2016 Oct 1.

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• Comenzo RL, Wally J, Kica G, Murray J, Ericsson T, Skinner M, Zhang Y. Clonal immunoglobulin light chain variable region germline gene use in AL amyloidosis: association with dominant amyloid-related organ involvement and survival after stem cell transplantation. Br J Haematol. 1999 Sep;106(3):744-51. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01591.x.

  PMID: 10468868 BACKGROUND

• Comenzo RL, Zhang Y, Martinez C, Osman K, Herrera GA. The tropism of organ involvement in primary systemic amyloidosis: contributions of Ig V(L) germ line gene use and clonal plasma cell burden. Blood. 2001 Aug 1;98(3):714-20. doi: 10.1182/blood.v98.3.714.

  PMID: 11468171 BACKGROUND

• Chaulagain CP, Comenzo RL. How we treat systemic light-chain amyloidosis. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2015 May;13(5):315-24.

  PMID: 26352777 BACKGROUND

• Dasari S, Theis JD, Vrana JA, Meureta OM, Quint PS, Muppa P, Zenka RM, Tschumper RC, Jelinek DF, Davila JI, Sarangi V, Kurtin PJ, Dogan A. Proteomic detection of immunoglobulin light chain variable region peptides from amyloidosis patient biopsies. J Proteome Res. 2015 Apr 3;14(4):1957-67. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00015. Epub 2015 Mar 20.

  PMID: 25734799 BACKGROUND

• Dispenzieri A, Kyle RA, Katzmann JA, Therneau TM, Larson D, Benson J, Clark RJ, Melton LJ 3rd, Gertz MA, Kumar SK, Fonseca R, Jelinek DF, Rajkumar SV. Immunoglobulin free light chain ratio is an independent risk factor for progression of smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma. Blood. 2008 Jan 15;111(2):785-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-08-108357. Epub 2007 Oct 17.

  PMID: 17942755 BACKGROUND

• Dubrey SW, Cha K, Anderson J, Chamarthi B, Reisinger J, Skinner M, Falk RH. The clinical features of immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis with heart involvement. QJM. 1998 Feb;91(2):141-57. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/91.2.141.

  PMID: 9578896 BACKGROUND

• Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Go RS, Kapoor P, Kyle RA, Buadi FK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Hayman SR, Leung N, Dingli D, Lust JA, Lin Y, Zeldenrust SR, Rajkumar SV, Dispenzieri A. Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis is diagnosed late in patients with preexisting plasma cell dyscrasias. Am J Hematol. 2014 Nov;89(11):1051-4. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23827. Epub 2014 Sep 2.

  PMID: 25111004 BACKGROUND

• Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering multiple myeloma. Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2010 Apr;5(2):62-9. doi: 10.1007/s11899-010-0047-9.

  PMID: 20425398 BACKGROUND

• Kyle RA, Remstein ED, Therneau TM, Dispenzieri A, Kurtin PJ, Hodnefield JM, Larson DR, Plevak MF, Jelinek DF, Fonseca R, Melton LJ 3rd, Rajkumar SV. Clinical course and prognosis of smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jun 21;356(25):2582-90. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa070389.

  PMID: 17582068 BACKGROUND

• Larsen JT, Kumar SK, Dispenzieri A, Kyle RA, Katzmann JA, Rajkumar SV. Serum free light chain ratio as a biomarker for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2013 Apr;27(4):941-6. doi: 10.1038/leu.2012.296. Epub 2012 Oct 16.

  PMID: 23183428 BACKGROUND

• Perfetti V, Casarini S, Palladini G, Vignarelli MC, Klersy C, Diegoli M, Ascari E, Merlini G. Analysis of V(lambda)-J(lambda) expression in plasma cells from primary (AL) amyloidosis and normal bone marrow identifies 3r (lambdaIII) as a new amyloid-associated germline gene segment. Blood. 2002 Aug 1;100(3):948-53. doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-01-0114.

  PMID: 12130507 BACKGROUND

• Perfetti V, Palladini G, Casarini S, Navazza V, Rognoni P, Obici L, Invernizzi R, Perlini S, Klersy C, Merlini G. The repertoire of lambda light chains causing predominant amyloid heart involvement and identification of a preferentially involved germline gene, IGLV1-44. Blood. 2012 Jan 5;119(1):144-50. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-05-355784. Epub 2011 Nov 8.

  PMID: 22067386 BACKGROUND

• Rajkumar SV, Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Melton LJ 3rd, Bradwell AR, Clark RJ, Larson DR, Plevak MF, Dispenzieri A, Katzmann JA. Serum free light chain ratio is an independent risk factor for progression in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood. 2005 Aug 1;106(3):812-7. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1038. Epub 2005 Apr 26.

  PMID: 15855274 BACKGROUND

• Tahir UA, Doros G, Kim JS, Connors LH, Seldin DC, Sam F. Predictors of Mortality in Light Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis with Heart Failure. Sci Rep. 2019 Jun 12;9(1):8552. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44912-x.

  PMID: 31189919 BACKGROUND

• Zhou P, Comenzo RL, Olshen AB, Bonvini E, Koenig S, Maslak PG, Fleisher M, Hoffman J, Jhanwar S, Young JW, Nimer SD, Boruchov AM. CD32B is highly expressed on clonal plasma cells from patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis and provides a target for monoclonal antibody-based therapy. Blood. 2008 Apr 1;111(7):3403-6. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-11-125526. Epub 2008 Jan 23.

  PMID: 18216299 BACKGROUND

• Zhou P, Hoffman J, Landau H, Hassoun H, Iyer L, Comenzo RL. Clonal plasma cell pathophysiology and clinical features of disease are linked to clonal plasma cell expression of cyclin D1 in systemic light-chain amyloidosis. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2012 Feb;12(1):49-58. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2011.09.217. Epub 2011 Nov 18.

  PMID: 22100494 BACKGROUND

• Zhou P, Ma X, Iyer L, Chaulagain C, Comenzo RL. One siRNA pool targeting the lambda constant region stops lambda light-chain production and causes terminal endoplasmic reticulum stress. Blood. 2014 May 29;123(22):3440-51. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-10-535187. Epub 2014 Apr 10.

  PMID: 24723680 BACKGROUND

• Hutchison CA, Harding S, Hewins P, Mead GP, Townsend J, Bradwell AR, Cockwell P. Quantitative assessment of serum and urinary polyclonal free light chains in patients with chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Nov;3(6):1684-90. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02290508.

  PMID: 18945993 BACKGROUND

• Singh G. Serum Free Light Chain Assay and kappa/lambda Ratio Performance in Patients Without Monoclonal Gammopathies: High False-Positive Rate. Am J Clin Pathol. 2016 Aug;146(2):207-14. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw099.

  PMID: 27473738 BACKGROUND

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

cDNA derived from bone marrow CD138-selected plasma cells.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Smoldering Multiple Myeloma; Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Precancerous Conditions; Neoplasms; Hypergammaglobulinemia; Blood Protein Disorders; Hematologic Diseases; Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases; Paraproteinemias; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Amyloidosis; Proteostasis Deficiencies; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Lymphoproliferative Disorders

Central Study Contacts

Raymond Comenzo, MD

CONTACT

617-636-6454; raymond.comenzo@tuftsmedicine.org

Denis Toskic, BS

CONTACT

617-636-5907; denis.toskic@tuftsmedicine.org

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 10, 2024
• First Posted: April 15, 2024
• Study Start: May 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 27, 2029
• Study Completion (Estimated): February 27, 2029
• Last Updated: August 6, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-08

Locations

US (13)