NCT06360562

Brief Summary

This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering Resilience Training in multi-user virtual reality.

Trial Health

55
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
174

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Sep 2020

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 15, 2020

Completed
3 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

August 29, 2023

Completed
8 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 11, 2024

Completed
10 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 30, 2025

Completed
11 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 31, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

August 20, 2025

Status Verified

August 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

4.4 years

First QC Date

August 29, 2023

Last Update Submit

August 15, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Discomfort with Others

    Discomfort with others is measured on a brief scale rated on a Likert scale of 1-5, asking three questions, how frequently someone feels discomfort with others, how intensely they feel it, and a multiple choice selection of reasons they may feel discomfort with others. Higher ratings indicate more discomfort with others.

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

  • Intervention Feasibility and Acceptability

    This measure includes participant attendance, with more attendance of the intervention indicating better feasibility and acceptability.

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

  • Penn Emotion Recognition Test

    The Penn Emotion Recognition Test (ER-40) is a 15-minute computer task which involves identifying the emotion (sadness, anger, etc.) expressed by a variety of face images with 5 possible options, was used to measure emotion recognition ability. The total score ranges from 0-40, with individual sub-scores for happy, sad, angry, fearful, and neutral expressions.

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

  • Stop Distance Paradigm

    The Stop Distance Paradigm is a reliable way to measure ones personal space. The larger the number, the larger the person stands from others. This scale is rated by centimeters from zero (no personal space) to as many as the person chooses. This task was done in person, through Zoom, and in virtual reality.

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Beck Depression Inventory

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

  • Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

  • Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

  • Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale

    Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later

Study Arms (1)

Resilience Training

EXPERIMENTAL

A 6 1-hour session group based intervention to deliver mindfulness, metallization, and self-compassion.

Behavioral: Resilience Training

Interventions

Behavioral group-based intervention delivering mindfulness, metallization, and self-compassion skills.

Resilience Training

Eligibility Criteria

Age14 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • years old
  • Enrolled in an undergraduate program
  • At least 18 years old
  • Employed in the healthcare field with some direct patient contact

You may not qualify if:

  • Inability to provide informed consent
  • Not proficient in English
  • Acute symptoms of a psychiatric illness needing immediate care (such as acute psychotic symptoms, current suicidality, serious active alcohol or substance use, marked deterioration in functioning over the prior month) determined by self-report that necessitates close monitoring or inpatient or partial hospitalization.
  • Enrolled in current psychotherapy with frequency of more than once per month

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Massachusetts General Hospital

Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Holt DJ, DeTore NR, Aideyan B, Utter L, Vinke L, Johnson DS, Zimmerman J, Dokholyan KN, Burke A. Enhancing social functioning using multi-user, immersive virtual reality. Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 22;15(1):2790. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84954-4.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Mood DisordersAnxiety DisordersPsychotic Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mental DisordersSchizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
NA
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
SINGLE GROUP
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

August 29, 2023

First Posted

April 11, 2024

Study Start

September 15, 2020

Primary Completion

January 30, 2025

Study Completion

December 31, 2025

Last Updated

August 20, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-08

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Data will be shared with investigator permission.

Locations