Turkish Version of the Worry About Pain Questionnaire

NCT06052228 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: 21-39
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 85
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Pain is one of the main complaints that causes people to apply to health institutions. Pain is seen as a passive warning signal of an underlying disease process; When it becomes chronic, it is considered a disease on its own. Pain that persists longer than the expected recovery time is defined as chronic pain. Pain is associated with a number of psychological, physical, and social factors. Clinical observations report that various psychological problems, especially anxiety, and depression, accompany chronic pain, and the long-term persistence of pain significantly impacts a patient's quality of life. Chronic musculoskeletal pain causes fatigue, sleep disruption, and activity and participation restrictions. Therefore, evaluation of pain originating from the musculoskeletal system and factors that cause and increase pain need to be addressed from a biopsychosocial perspective. Chronic pain is an ideal environment for anxiety to develop. If the person's chronic pain cannot be resolved, anxiety increases and the anxiety becomes excessive, the person may lose the ability to distinguish what is dangerous from what is not, as he cannot evaluate pain-related cues properly. Anxiety and depression scales are often used to assess the long-term psychosocial consequences of chronic musculoskeletal pain. However, these scales are inadequate to explain the relationship between pain and anxiety. The Worry About Pain Questionnaire is a self-report scale of 15 items specifically developed to assess pain-related pressure. To our knowledge, there is no standard, valid, and reliable Turkish questionnaire in the literature that evaluates the pain-related concerns of individuals with musculoskeletal pain and takes into account the cultural differences of Turkish patients. For this reason, our study aims to translate and culturally adapt the Worry About Pain Questionnaire into Turkish in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain and to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish Worry About Pain Questionnaire.

Conditions

Pain, Chronic; Musculoskeletal Pain

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• The Worry About Pain Questionnaire

  The Worry About Pain Questionnaire will be used to evaluate participants' pain-related anxiety levels. Worry About Pain Questionnaire is a Likert-type survey consisting of a total of 15 items. Each question in the survey is scored from 0 (never) to 10 (always). Questions 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 assess the impact of worrying about pain. Questions 3, 9, 13, 14, 15 assess concern about the ability to manage pain.

  4 weeks

• Fear of Pain Scale III

  Fear of Pain Scale III, which is used to evaluate the participants' fear of pain, consists of a total of 30 items. A Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Ünver et al. in 2018.

  4 weeks

• Short Form McGill Pain Scale

  The McGill Pain Scale Short Form combines the features of the standard McGill Pain Questionnaire and is used to evaluate pain caused by chronic cancer pain, chronic back pain, fibromyalgia syndrome, osteoarthritis pain, neuropathic pain, mastalgia and rheumatoid arthritis. Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Yakut et al. in 2007.

  4 weeks

• Pain Pressure Threshold

  Pressure algometer (dolorimeter) will be used to evaluate sensitivity to pain and determine pressure perception. Pressure algometers have proven useful in assessing fibrositis and hypersensitive points, trigger points, arthritis activation, and visceral pain-pressure sensitivity. For this reason, in our study, the pain pressure threshold will be determined from the trigger points in the upper, middle and lower fibers of the trapezius muscle.

  4 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (5)

• Beck Depression Inventory,

  4 weeks

• Beck Anxiety Inventory

  4 weeks

• Nottingham Health Profile

  4 weeks

• Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

  4 weeks

• Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale

  4 weeks

Study Arms (1)

Assessment Group

Evaluation forms will be applied to the participant who meets the inclusion criteria by face-to-face interview method. The sociodemographic information of the participants and the time taken to answer the questions in the questionnaires will vary according to each participants but will take approximately 45 minutes. The second interview will be conducted with the patients for test-retest application at 1-week intervals.

Other: Assessment Group

Interventions

Assessment Group OTHER

Evaluation forms will be applied to the participant who meets the inclusion criteria by face-to-face interview method. The sociodemographic information of the participants and the time taken to answer the questions in the questionnaires will vary according to each participants but will take approximately 45 minutes. The second interview will be conducted with the patients for test-retest application at 1-week intervals.

Assessment Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Individuals with Musculoskeletal Pain

You may qualify if:

• Being able to read and write in Turkish
• Not having any cognitive impairment
• Having chronic musculoskeletal pain
• Being over 18 years of age
• Being willing and volunteer to work

You may not qualify if:

• Having a complaint of pain in the musculoskeletal system due to cancer, fracture or surgery within the last 6 months.
• Having severe cognitive impairment
• Having a systemic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus
• Having any neuromuscular disease (such as MS, myopathy)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Istinye University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Istinye University

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Chronic Pain; Musculoskeletal Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Muscular Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE ONLY
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Lecturer

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 18, 2023
• First Posted: September 25, 2023
• Study Start: November 20, 2023
• Primary Completion: February 1, 2024
• Study Completion: February 20, 2024
• Last Updated: February 21, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)