Effects of Deep Breathing Exercise on Pulmonary Function, Perceived Stress and Physical Fitness Among Healthy Smokers

NCT06032793 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: REC/MS-PT/01656 Talliya Naz
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 52
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Effects of deep breathing exercise on pulmonary function, perceived stress and physical fitness among healthy smokers.

Conditions

Cigarette Smoking

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Forced Vital Capacity

  The volume of air which can be forcefully expelled from the lungs after taking a deep breath is known as forced vital capacity (FVC). The normal range of FVC for an adult lies between 3.0 and 5.0 L (29). The participant will be asked to seal their lips tightly over the mouthpiece and inhale as deeply as possible. Then they will exhale as forcefully as they can.

  baseline, on 2nd ,4th and 6th week

• Forced Expiratory Volume

  FEV1 assesses how much air an individual can forcefully exhale. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is the volume of air (in liters) exhaled in the first second during forced exhalation after maximal inspiration. The forced expiratory volume (FEV) can be calculated for the first, second, and/or third seconds of the forced breath. With reference to GOLD range of COPD, the normal value for FEV is \<80. An FEV1 of less than 1 L indicates significant lung disease. For correct measures, the procedure will be repeated 3 times, and then the best value will be taken. The FEV1 is the measurement of dynamic volume most often used in conjunction with the FVC in analysis of spirometry.

  baseline, on 2nd ,4th and 6th week

• PERCEIVED STRESS

  A more precise measure of personal stress can be determined by using a variety of instruments that have been designed to help measure individual stress levels. The first of these is called the Perceived Stress Scale. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is a classic stress assessment instrument. It was originally developed in 1983.

  baseline, on 2nd ,4th and 6th week

• Physical Fitness

  The six minute walking test (6MWT) will be used to determine the physical fitness. Each patient will be administered a 6-minute walk test. Two cones will be placed 100 feet apart in a hallway. Patients will instructed to walk as many laps around the cones as possible. A calibrated electronic pedometer (Omron Health Care Corporation, Vernon Hills, IL) will be worn on the hip of each patient to obtain the total number of steps taken during the test. Researcher will stand at the center of the 100-foot course and will encourage the patient after every 2 minutes. The researcher will record the time and distance to onset of exhaustion as well as the total distance walked and the total number of steps taken during the test. The walking distances will be subsequently converted from feet to meters.

  baseline, 2nd, 4th and on 6th week

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Sleep quality

  baseline, 2nd, 4th and on 6th week

Study Arms (2)

Deep breathing exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

This group will perform following exercises: Pursed lip breathing, Diaphragmatic breathing and powered breathing for 3-4 times a day for 6 weeks.

Other: Breathing exercises

No Intervention

NO INTERVENTION

This group will not perform any exercise.

Interventions

Breathing exercises OTHER

Pursed lip breathing, Diaphragmatic breathing and powered breathing

Deep breathing exercise

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 30 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: Only male participants
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Only Male Healthy Smoker.
• Age: 20 - 30 years.
• Participants had a minimum smoking history of 5 years.
• Subject without any chronic pulmonary complication.

You may not qualify if:

• Smokers with any pulmonary disease, acute infections, other systemic disease.
• Chest deformity or any disability.
• History of any surgery.
• Not willing to participate.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Railway General Hospital

Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 46000, Pakistan

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cigarette Smoking

Interventions

Breathing Exercises

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Tobacco Smoking; Smoking; Behavior; Tobacco Use

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mind-Body Therapies; Complementary Therapies; Therapeutics; Exercise Movement Techniques; Physical Therapy Modalities

Study Officials

• Malik Muhammad Ali Awan, MSPT

  Riphah International University, Islamabad

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 5, 2023
• First Posted: September 13, 2023
• Study Start: September 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2023
• Study Completion: December 1, 2023
• Last Updated: January 13, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)