The Effects of Finger Puppet, Abeslang Puzzle, and Pinwheel on Pain and Anxiety During Blood Sampling Procedures

NCT05904483 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2023-BRT-SBF-112234
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 160
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Blood sampling is an invasive, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedure for children. The inability of preschool children to differentiate between reality and imagination and their belief in the power of their thoughts make it difficult for them to accept an invasive procedure. Distraction techniques are used to help children cope with pain and anxiety. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of finger puppet, abeslang puzzle, and pinwheel on pain and anxiety during blood sampling in preschool children presenting to the pediatric emergency department. This randomized controlled study used parallel trial design.

Conditions

Pain, Acute; Anxiety; Child, Only

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• The level of pain during blood sampling is evaluated using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale

  This scale is used to assess the severity of pain in children aged 3 years and above. This numerical rating scale ranges from 0 to 10, indicating emotions ranging from no pain/very happy (0) to crying/hurts worst (10). Higher scores indicate a lower pain tolerance. In this study, this scale is evaluated using personal reports and records from children, their parents, the researcher, and the nurse after the blood sampling procedure.

  during the procedure

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• The level of anxiety is evaluated using the Children Anxiety Meter-State

  during the procedure

Study Arms (4)

Pinwheel Group

EXPERIMENTAL

In the pinwheel group, a windmill made of colored cardboard is introduced to the children, and then they are asked to blow on the pinwheel during the blood sampling procedure.The blood sampling is terminated at the same time by blowing the pinwheel.

Other: PFA

Finger Puppet Group

EXPERIMENTAL

In the finger puppet group, a finger puppet made of felt is introduced to the children, and they are told a story (Brave Little Rabbit) by the same researcher using the finger puppet.The blood sampling is terminated at the same time by reading story with finger puppet.

Other: PFA

Abeslang Puzzle Group

EXPERIMENTAL

In the abeslang puzzle group, a puzzle made of colorful abeslang pieces with animal images (sheep, duck) is introduced to the children, and then they are asked to complete the puzzle using their non-dominant hand during the blood sampling procedure.The blood sampling is terminated at the same time by completing abeslang puzzle.

Other: PFA

Control

NO INTERVENTION

Children in the control group are monitored during the blood sampling procedure if their informed consent is obtained by the researcher. They have the routine blood draw procedure, and do not receive any distraction techniques and other pharmacological interventions.

Interventions

PFA OTHER

PFA

Abeslang Puzzle Group; Finger Puppet Group; Pinwheel Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 4 Years - 6 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Being between 4-6 years old
• Referring to the pediatric emergency department
• Having consent and approval from the parent and child to participate in the study
• Having a necessity for blood testing in the child.

You may not qualify if:

• Having visual, hearing, or speech impairment
• Having chronic or genetic diseases
• Having intellectual disability
• Having a history of sedative, narcotic, or analgesic drug use within the past 24 hours
• Having inflammatory diseases
• Being classified under the red triage category
• Unwilling to participate in the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Bartın Unıversity: lead

Study Sites (1)

Fatma Dinç

Bartın, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Dinc F, Kurt A, Gunes San E. The effect of three different methods on pain and anxiety in children during blood sampling procedure in pediatric emergency department: Finger puppet, abeslang puzzle, pinwheel. J Pediatr Nurs. 2024 Nov-Dec;79:e203-e212. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.10.023. Epub 2024 Oct 24.

  PMID: 39448323 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Acute Pain; Anxiety Disorders

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Fatma Dinç, PhD Student

  Bartın Unıversity

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: SUPPORTIVE CARE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 6, 2023
• First Posted: June 15, 2023
• Study Start: June 20, 2023
• Primary Completion: June 21, 2024
• Study Completion: June 21, 2024
• Last Updated: June 25, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-06

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL

Locations

TU (1)