NCT05727020

Brief Summary

Patients with early pancreatic cancer often have symptoms that could also be caused by many common benign conditions, or no symptoms at all. Jaundice, weight loss and pain are 'red flag' symptoms of pancreatic cancer that are linked to incurable disease. At the moment only patients with 'red flag' symptoms are urgently referred for diagnostic testing to find out if they have the cancer. As a result, late diagnosis is a common feature of pancreatic cancer. This leads to limited treatment options being available to patients by the time they are diagnosed, and ultimately results in poor survival rates. There is a clear need to improve earlier detection of pancreatic cancer so that patients with pancreatic cancer can be identified earlier and faster, enabling them to start treatment more quickly. The study team is developing a non-invasive breath test that detects small molecules called volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may be altered by pancreatic cancers. For patients with non-specific symptoms, this test would help general practitioners (GPs) to identify those patients that may indeed have an underlying pancreatic cancer, who would benefit from referral for specialised pancreatic cancer tests.

Trial Health

57
Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
1,005

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started Dec 2022

Typical duration for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 15, 2022

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 23, 2023

Completed
22 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 14, 2023

Completed
3.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 1, 2026

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 1, 2026

Completed
Last Updated

March 24, 2026

Status Verified

March 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

3.4 years

First QC Date

January 23, 2023

Last Update Submit

March 20, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)Breath analysisVolatolomicsMetabonomics / LipidomicsTranscriptomicsMicrobiome AnalysisOrganoidsImmune profiling

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Levels of VOCs present in breath of subjects with PDAC and controls

    Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) will be used to identify the levels (measured in parts per billion, ppb) of certain cancer-associated VOCs in breath

    24 months

Secondary Outcomes (3)

  • Levels of volatile metabolites present in headspace of the urine of subjects with PDAC and controls

    24 months

  • Characterisation of bacterial species in saliva samples, pancreatic tissue samples and duodenal aspirate samples of subjects with PDAC compared to controls

    24 months

  • Levels of VOCs produced by the bacteria isolated from saliva samples, pancreatic tissue samples and duodenal aspirate samples of subjects with PDAC

    24 months

Study Arms (5)

VAPOR 1 - PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma)

304 treatment-naive patients with histologically-confirmed\* PDAC will be recruited to provide breath samples. \*Patients that are due to undergo surgery for suspected PDAC (without pre-operative histological confirmation) may still be recruited despite the lack of pre-operative histological confirmation, assuming PDAC is subsequently confirmed within the resected specimen.

Diagnostic Test: Breath test

VAPOR 1 - Control patients with benign pancreatic disorders

257 patients with new-onset diabetes mellitus or chronic pancreatitis will be recruited to provide breath samples. New-onset diabetes is defined as: HbA1c≥48mmol/mol (6.5%), diagnosed within the preceding 6 months.

Diagnostic Test: Breath test

VAPOR 1 - Control patients with non-specific GI symptoms and a normal pancreas

257 patients with non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms but a radiologically-normal pancreas will be recruited to provide breath samples. Imaging to confirm a normal pancreas (CT / MRI / ultrasound) must have occurred within the preceding 12 months.

Diagnostic Test: Breath test

VAPOR Bioresource - PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma)

96 treatment-naive patients with histologically-confirmed\* PDAC will be recruited to provide samples of breath, saliva, blood, urine, pancreatic tissue and duodenal aspirate. \*Patients that are due to undergo surgery for suspected PDAC (without pre-operative histological confirmation) may still be recruited despite the lack of pre-operative histological confirmation, assuming PDAC is subsequently confirmed within the resected specimen.

Diagnostic Test: Collection of matched samples of breath, biofluids and pancreatic tissue

VAPOR Bioresource - Control patients with benign pancreatic disorders

96 patients with benign pancreatic disorders (such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms, chronic pancreatitis) will be recruited to provide samples of breath, saliva, blood, urine, pancreatic tissue and duodenal aspirate.

Diagnostic Test: Collection of matched samples of breath, biofluids and pancreatic tissue

Interventions

Breath testDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Patients must be fasted for a minimum of six hours prior to sample collection. For patients undergoing surgery or a procedure (e.g. endoscopy), breath samples must be obtained pre-operatively / prior to the administration of sedation, anaesthetic or other pharmacological agents.

VAPOR 1 - Control patients with benign pancreatic disordersVAPOR 1 - Control patients with non-specific GI symptoms and a normal pancreasVAPOR 1 - PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma)

In accordance with routine clinical practices, patients will be fasted for a minimum of six hours prior to surgery. Exhaled breath, saliva, blood and urine will be collected immediately prior to surgery (before induction of general anaesthesia). Pancreatic tissue samples and duodenal aspirate which will be collected upon resection of the pancreatic specimen.

VAPOR Bioresource - Control patients with benign pancreatic disordersVAPOR Bioresource - PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma)

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

Patients seen in a hospital (secondary or tertiary level care) setting or at an NHS diabetes centre.

You may qualify if:

  • Males and females
  • Adult patients ≥ 18 years old
  • VAPOR 1: patients with either a) Histologically confirmed PDAC\*; b) New-onset diabetes mellitus or chronic pancreatitis; or c) Non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms, but a radiologically-normal pancreas
  • VAPOR Bioresource: patients undergoing pancreatic resection for a) Histologically confirmed PDAC\*; or b) Benign pancreatic disorders e.g. intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms, chronic pancreatitis
  • Note: \*Patients undergoing surgery for suspected PDAC (without pre-operative histological confirmation) may be recruited assuming PDAC is confirmed within the resected specimen.

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients who have already received chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery for their PDAC
  • History of another cancer within the previous five years
  • Previous upper gastrointestinal surgery
  • Patients who are unable to provide a breath sample
  • Pregnant women
  • Patients unable to provide informed written consent
  • VAPOR 1: Patients with active infection, receiving immunosuppressive medications or antibiotics within the preceding eight weeks
  • VAPOR Bioresource: Patients receiving immunosuppressive medications within the preceding eight weeks

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

London, United Kingdom

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Walsh CM, Murray J, Laponogov I, Parker A, Ellis JK, Converso V, Austin E, Boshier PR, Czajkowski C, Spalding D, Al-Mukhtar A, Frampton AE, Roberts KJ, Pandanaboyana S, Halloran C, Costello E, Kocher H, Mitra V, Hamady Z, Al-Sarireh B, Pathak S, Mitchell WK, Siriwardena AK, Westlake C, Pereira SP, Spiliotis I, Biswas S, Vapor Collaborators, Spanel P, Veselkov K, Sharples LD, Hanna GB; VAPOR Collaborators. Development and validation of a diagnostic prediction model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: VAPOR 1, protocol for a prospective multicentre case-control study. BMJ Open. 2025 Aug 27;15(8):e094505. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-094505.

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

Breath, Saliva, Blood, Urine, Pancreatic tissue, Duodenal aspirate

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pancreatic Neoplasms

Interventions

Breath Tests

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Digestive System NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsEndocrine Gland NeoplasmsDigestive System DiseasesPancreatic DiseasesEndocrine System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosis

Study Officials

  • Professor George B Hanna, PhD, FRCS

    Imperial College London

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Miss Caoimhe M Walsh, MBBS, MRCS

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE CONTROL
Time Perspective
CROSS SECTIONAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 23, 2023

First Posted

February 14, 2023

Study Start

December 15, 2022

Primary Completion

May 1, 2026

Study Completion

May 1, 2026

Last Updated

March 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations