Impact of Mindfulness Training on Adolescent Well-Being and Behavior

NCT05537961 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: IRB_00122449
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 80
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

There is a broad consensus that preventing or delaying initiation of adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use can substantially improve both short- and long-term adolescent health. Despite the existence of effective prevention programs, adolescent ATOD use continues to be a substantial issue. Continued research on preventive interventions is needed. School-based mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been shown to be feasible and effective at improving adolescent psychological well-being. Evidence from both quasi-experimental studies and randomized controlled trials suggests that incorporating MBIs into school-settings can lower levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, while improving capacity for emotional regulation. Greater mindfulness also been linked to reduced adolescent ATOD use via observational studies. There are strong theoretical reasons to believe that MBIs delivered in school settings can prevent or reduce ATOD use among youth. In particular, MBIs have been shown to improve psychological well-being among youth via multiple mechanisms also relevant for adolescent ATOD use. These mechanisms include enhanced attentional control, negative emotion regulation, promotion of positive emotion generation, and increased feelings of connectedness. Despite these connections, school-based MBIs are yet to demonstrate the ability to prevent or reduce adolescent ATOD use. The current study will examine psychological well-being and ATOD use among approximately 80 participants in a quasi-experimental, school-based MBI. In early 2022, approximately 40 high school seniors were provided with one semester of a weekly, classroom-based MBI embedded into their Social Studies curriculum; approximately 40 high school seniors participated in the standard curriculum. The intervention group was provided with an adaptation of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE). MORE is an evidence-based therapeutic program that integrates mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and positive psychology to treat addiction and enhance well-being. MORE has been shown to produce therapeutic benefits in the treatment of alcohol, tobacco, and other drug addiction in adult populations, but is yet to be tested as a preventive intervention for youth. Follow up data collection is planned for spring 2023 to assess psychological well-being, ATOD use, and proposed therapeutic mechanisms pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 9-month follow up.

Conditions

Substance Use; Mindfulness; Psychological Well-being

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System: Substance use

  alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use as measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Items are measured as any use on both lifetime and past 30 days.

  change in each measure across 9 months

• Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System: Suicide ideation

  suicide ideation and attempts as measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Suicide ideation is measured as any ideation in the past 12 months and attempts are measured as the count of attempts in the past 12 months.

  change in each measure across 9 months

• Pediatric Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)

  positive affect, life satisfaction, meaning and purpose, anxiety, depressive symptoms as measured by the pediatric PROMIS. For each scale, higher scores indicate higher levels of the name of the scale. Items on each scale are summed and T scores with a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10 are calculated.

  change in each measure across 9 months

• Child Acceptance and Mindfulness Measure

  Mindfulness as measured by the child acceptance and mindfulness measure (CAMM). The CAMM is scored from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher levels of mindfulness

  change in each measure across 9 months

• Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire

  Positive reappraisal as measured by the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). The CERQ is scored from 1 to 7 with higher scores indicating higher levels of emotion regulation.

  change in each measure across 9 months

• Nondual Awareness Dimensional Assessment

  Transcendental experiences as measured by the Nondual Awareness Dimensional Assessment (NADA). Higher scores indicate greater nondual awareness trait scored from 0 to 12 and nondual awareness states scores from 0 to 40

  change in each measure across 9 months

• Toronto Mindfulness Scale

  Mindfulness as measured by the Toronto Mindfulness Scale. Higher scores indicate higher degree of state mindfulness. Scores range from 0 to 24 on the curiosity subscale and from 0 to 28 on the decentering subscale.

  change in each measure across 9 months

Study Arms (2)

Mindfulness

EXPERIMENTAL

Weekly mindfulness instruction embedded in classroom setting

Behavioral: Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement

No Intervention

NO INTERVENTION

Classroom setting completed as usual

Interventions

Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement BEHAVIORAL

Mindfulness instruction incorporated in classroom-based curriculum

Mindfulness

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 15 Years - 21 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Enrolled as a high school senior in two specific classes at Judge Memorial High School during Spring 2022

You may not qualify if:

• Not enrolled as a high school senior in two specific classes at Judge Memorial High School during Spring 2022

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Utah: lead

Study Sites (1)

University of Utah

Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Substance-Related Disorders; Psychological Well-Being

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Chemically-Induced Disorders; Mental Disorders; Personal Satisfaction; Behavior

Study Officials

• Christopher Cambron, PhD

  University of Utah

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 18, 2022
• First Posted: September 13, 2022
• Study Start: January 13, 2022
• Primary Completion: May 15, 2023
• Study Completion: May 15, 2023
• Last Updated: September 28, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)