Examination of Pain in Individuals With Non-Specific Lack Pain

NCT05511805 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 12/37
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 52
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between pain, and balance, proprioception sensation in the knee, erector spinae and multifidus muscle strength in individuals with non-specific low back pain.

Conditions

Back Pain; Balance; Proprioception

Keywords

Low back pain; Balance; Proprioception

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (7)

• Evaluation of pain

  This was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). According to VAS, in the severity of pain; Generally, '0' means no pain, and '10' means the worst pain imaginable.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of static stance on one leg

  This was evaluated with Prokin TecnoBody isokinetic balance 2 device. After the torso sensor was attached, the patient was placed in the dominant side position on one foot and the static balance test measurement was started. The patient is expected to stand in this position for 30 seconds.The test was started by pressing the start button on the computer keyboard connected to the device. The test was automatically terminated by the computer when it expired. A computer printout containing the static test evaluation results was obtained.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of back extensor strengths

  These were evaluated with EMG. In the study, measurement of erector spina and multifidus muscles was performed. Measurements were performed with electrodes placed on the skin surface to measure the total activity of the muscles and to determine muscle fatigue non-invasively.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of low back pain thresholds

  This was evaluated with Algometer. Determination of pressure perception and pain threshold of sensitivity to pain was determined and recorded with an algometer. It was standardized to perform the measurements on the determined -region-. The details of the application were explained to the participant, and it was emphasized that the pressure sensation he felt caused pain and that he needed to give a 'stop' command. It was stopped with the command received from the patient and the response on the algometer screen was recorded.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of the effect of pain on functionality

  It is a scale used to evaluate the extent to which low back pain experienced by patients affects their functions in daily life. Evaluated functions; work and school activities, home activities, wearing shoes or socks, bending forward, lifting an object from the ground, habits, sleeping, walking, sitting, climbing stairs, standing and driving. This questionnaire consists of 12 questions. Each item has a score in the range of 0 - 5 points. The minimum possible score is "0", and the maximum possible score is "60". 60 points; states that the activities in the questionnaire were not difficult.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of the level of functional disability

  It is a scale used to determine the level of functional disability due to low back pain. This scale consists of ten questions. Each question has a score between zero and five. In this questionnaire, the severity of pain, social life, lifting, walking, personal care, sitting, sleeping, standing, traveling, the level of pain and the degree of change in pain are questioned.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of the proprioception

  The sense of proprioception was evaluated by using the joint range of motion measurement of the universal goniometer. The subjects were asked to lie on the stretcher in the prone position to measure the range of motion of the knee joint. The pivot point of the goniometer was determined as the lateral knee joint condyle and placed. The fixed arm of the goniometer was fixed in parallel at the level of the trochanter major, and the movable arm was positioned at the level of the head of the fibula and the lateral malleolus. First of all, the knee joint is started from 0° extension position and brought to the angle desired by the physiotherapist and the value in the goniometer is recorded. Then, the patient is asked to bring the knee joint, which is again in 0° extension, to the angle brought by the physiotherapist. By following the knee joint flexion of the movable arm, the angle that the patient brings the knee joint is recorded.

  Baseline

Interventions

Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), OTHER

The pain levels of the individuals participating in the study will be evaluated with the Visual Analog Scale. According to VAS, in the severity of pain; '0' means no pain, '10' means worst pain imaginable. During the study, the participants will be asked to rate their pain experienced in daily life and pain during evaluation between 0-10 points. Individuals with pain intensity of 3 and above according to VAS will be included in the study.

Oswestry Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire OTHER

The Oswestry scale will be used to determine the level of functional disability due to low back pain. In this questionnaire, 10 questions are asked about pain intensity, social life, weight lifting, walking, personal care, sitting, sleeping, sexual life, standing and travel. Each question has 6 options and the patient is asked to choose the statement that best describes his or her condition.

Functional Low Back Pain Scale OTHER

The Functional Low Back Pain Scale will be used to evaluate how much the low back pain experienced by the people who will be included in the study affects their daily living activities. Evaluated functions; work and school activities, home activities, wearing shoes or socks, leaning forward, lifting an object from the ground, habits, sleeping, walking, sitting, climbing stairs, standing and driving. The questionnaire consists of 12 questions, and each item scores in the range of 0-5 points.

Prokin TecnoBody isokinetic balance 2 device DEVICE

For the one-leg balance test, the subject is positioned on one leg at the origin of the platform. The participant is asked to look at any stationary point or object in front of him. Participants are allowed to experiment on the platform of the meter for approximately 2-3 minutes. The stem sensor apparatus is then attached to coincide with the xiphoid projection. After the torso sensor is attached, the patient is placed in the dominant side position on one foot and the static balance test measurement is started. 30 seconds from the patient in this position. asked to stop.

EMG DEVICE

In our study, electromyography (EMG) device will be used to evaluate muscle strength. Electromyography is a method by which electrical activity analysis of muscles can be performed. In the study, the erector spina and multifidus muscles will be measured. Measurements are made with electrodes placed on the skin surface.

Algometer DEVICE

The pressure perception and pain threshold of pain sensitivity are determined and recorded with an algometer. The details of the application will be explained to the participant and it will be emphasized that the feeling of pressure he feels causes pain and that he should give a 'stop' command. The pressure force is increased until the patient receives the 'stop' command in the area to be applied. It is stopped by the command from the patient and the response on the algometer screen is recorded. These measurements are repeated 3 times. The average of these three recorded measurements is determined.

Goniometer DEVICE

Using the universal goniometer's measure of knee joint range of motion, sense of proprioception will be evaluated. For measurement, subjects are asked to lie on a stretcher in the prone position. The pivot point of the goniometer is placed in the center of the lateral knee joint condyle. The fixed arm of the goniometer is fixed in parallel at the level of the thoracantary major, and the movable arm is positioned at the level of the head of the fibula and the lateral malleolus. First of all, starting from the 0° extension position to the knee joint, the angle desired by the physiotherapist is made and the value in the goniometer is recorded. Then, the patient is asked to bring the knee joint, which is still in 0° extension, to the angle brought by the physiotherapist. Then the angle brought by the patient to the knee joint is recorded.

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 16 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients with non-specific low back pain.

You may qualify if:

• Having pain intensity of 3 or more according to VAS.
• Having a mini mental test score of 24 and above
• Being able to stand on one leg.
• Having low back pain for 3 months or more

You may not qualify if:

• Osteoporosis
• Being in the 0%-20% range on the Oswestry scale
• Pregnancy
• Being on constant painkillers for one reason or another
• Having undergone lumbar, hip, knee and ankle surgery.
• Having severe hearing, vision, speech impairment

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi: lead

Study Sites (1)

Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Nowotny AH, Calderon MG, Alves BMO, de Oliveira MR, Andraus RAC, Aguiar AF, Amorim CF, Leonard G, da Silva RA. Low-Back Pain and Knee Position-Related Differences on Postural Control Measures During a One-Legged Stance in Athletes. J Sport Rehabil. 2020 Nov 25;30(4):631-637. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2020-0095.

  PMID: 33238243 BACKGROUND

• Goubert D, Oosterwijck JV, Meeus M, Danneels L. Structural Changes of Lumbar Muscles in Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Pain Physician. 2016 Sep-Oct;19(7):E985-E1000.

  PMID: 27676689 BACKGROUND

• Ruhe A, Fejer R, Walker B. Is there a relationship between pain intensity and postural sway in patients with non-specific low back pain? BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Jul 15;12:162. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-162.

  PMID: 21762484 BACKGROUND

• Hlaing SS, Puntumetakul R, Wanpen S, Boucaut R. Balance Control in Patients with Subacute Non-Specific Low Back Pain, with and without Lumbar Instability: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Pain Res. 2020 Apr 23;13:795-803. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S232080. eCollection 2020.

  PMID: 32425585 BACKGROUND

• Hodges P, van den Hoorn W, Dawson A, Cholewicki J. Changes in the mechanical properties of the trunk in low back pain may be associated with recurrence. J Biomech. 2009 Jan 5;42(1):61-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.10.001. Epub 2008 Dec 4.

  PMID: 19062020 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Back Pain; Low Back Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Esra Pehlivan, Assoc. Prof.

  Saglik Bilimleri University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE ONLY
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 18, 2022
• First Posted: August 23, 2022
• Study Start: August 15, 2022
• Primary Completion: September 1, 2022
• Study Completion: October 30, 2022
• Last Updated: October 10, 2023

Record last verified: 2022-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)