Mindfulness Training, Mental Fatigue, Endurance Performance and Neurocognitive Functions

NCT05452460 | Completed Results

• 1 other identifier: PACNL_JT_MF_Intervention
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 53
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Mental fatigue has been suggested that would impair neurocognitive functions and sports performance. On the other hand, mindfulness training (MT) seems to as a promising approach to attenuate mental fatigue and counteract its detrimental effect on cognitive functions and sports performance. The purpose of the present study is to examine the effect of MT on behavioral and neuroelectric indices of inhibitory control, and endurance performance in mentally fatigued athletes.

Conditions

Mindfulness Training; Neurocognitive Function; Sports Performance; Mental Fatigue

Keywords

Mindfulness Training; Mental Fatigue; Inhibitory Control; Endurance Performance; ERP

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• Inhibitory Control: Reaction Time

  Followed by the manipulation conditions, inhibitory control will be evaluated by a Flanker task (i.e., either mental fatigue condition or control condition). In the Flanker task, participants will be presented with five arrows and will be instructed to respond as quickly and accurately as possible to the direction where the middle arrow is pointing (i.e., left or right). Types of trials are the congruent (i.e., \> \> \> \> \>) and incongruent (i.e., \< \< \> \< \<). The reaction time (RT) and accuracy (ACC) of the incongruent trials were calculated as inhibitory control performance, and the difference between conditions was further calculated to represent a mental fatigue-related impairment of inhibitory control in pre-test and post-test.

  After 30-minute mental fatigue and control conditions at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• Inhibitory Control: Accuracy

  Followed by the manipulation conditions, inhibitory control will be evaluated by a Flanker task (i.e., either mental fatigue condition or control condition). In the Flanker task, participants will be presented with five arrows and will be instructed to respond as quickly and accurately as possible to the direction where the middle arrow is pointing (i.e., left or right). Types of trials are the congruent (i.e., \> \> \> \> \>) and incongruent (i.e., \< \< \> \< \<). The reaction time (RT) and accuracy (ACC) of the incongruent trials were calculated as inhibitory control performance, and the difference between conditions was further calculated to represent a mental fatigue-related impairment of inhibitory control in pre-test and post-test.

  After 30-minute mental fatigue and control conditions at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• ERP: N2

  The neuroelectrical activities (i.e., N2, P3) during the Flanker task were recorded and analyzed using the Neuroscan system. The difference in neuroelectrical activities between conditions (i.e., mental fatigue condition \& control condition) were calculated as mental fatigue-related impairment in neuroelectrical markers of inhibitory control.

  After 30-minute mental fatigue and control conditions at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• ERP: P3

  The neuroelectrical activities (i.e., N2, P3) during the Flanker task were recorded and analyzed using the Neuroscan system. The difference in neuroelectrical activities between conditions (i.e., mental fatigue condition \& control condition) were calculated as mental fatigue-related impairment in neuroelectrical markers of inhibitory control.

  After 30-minute mental fatigue and control conditions at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• Endurance Performance: Time to Exhaustion

  The graded exercise test (GXT) on treadmill was used to assess participant's endurance performance. Bruce protocol will be adopted in the test. The initial speed and grade of the GXT will be set at 2.74 km/hr with a grade of 10% and increase speed and grade every 3 min until participants are voluntarily exhausted. The time to exhaustion (TTE) was recorded as the endurance performance. The difference in TTE between conditions was further calculated (i.e., control condition minus mental fatigue condition) for both the pre-test and post-test.

  After 30-minute mental fatigue and control conditions at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• Endurance Performance: VO2max

  The graded exercise test (GXT) on treadmill was used to assess participant's endurance performance. Bruce protocol will be adopted in the test. The initial speed and grade of the GXT will be set at 2.74 km/hr with a grade of 10% and increase speed and grade every 3 min until participants are voluntarily exhausted. The maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max) was recorded as the endurance performance. The difference in VO2max between conditions was further calculated (i.e., control condition minus mental fatigue condition) for both the pre-test and post-test.

  After 30-minute mental fatigue and control conditions at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

Secondary Outcomes (10)

• Subjective Mental Fatigue

  Before, after 30-minute Stroop task and after Flanker task in the mental fatigue and control condition at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• Objective Mental Fatigue

  Post 30-minute mental fatigue and control condition at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• Dispositional Mindfulness

  Baseline (pre-test) and 8 weeks (post-test)

• Mood State: Anger

  Before, after 30-minute Stroop task in the mental fatigue and control condition at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

• Mood State: Confusion

  Before, after 30-minute Stroop task in the mental fatigue and control condition at pre-test and post-test (8 weeks)

Study Arms (2)

Mindfulness training group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in the mindfulness training (MT) group will engage in a 60-min session of mindfulness program per week for 8 weeks.

Behavioral: Mindfulness intervention

Waitlist control group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in the waitlist control group will be required to maintain regular life and routine training. Once the participants in control group finished the whole experiment, they will be invited to participate in the MBPP program for eight weeks.

Interventions

Mindfulness intervention BEHAVIORAL

The mindfulness program called "Mindfulness-based peak performance (MBPP)" will be used in this study. MBPP is a program that consists of eight 60-min training, and a 60-min session weekly for 8-weeks. The MBPP program will include (1) 5 minutes of will start with a brief recap of the preceding session and homework discussion, (2) after which the 5 minutes of a brief story about performance aimed at inducing the learning motivation of the participants; (3) Followed by 20 minutes of a theoretical lecture introducing a new topic and then (4) 25 minutes of mindfulness exercise. (5) Finally, how to apply the mindfulness skills to sports context will be discussed at the end of each session for 5 minutes.

Mindfulness training group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 25 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Regular sports training at least 4 hours weekly
• Normal or corrected-to-normal vision
• Right-handed

You may not qualify if:

• Physical limitation or injury in lower limbs before and during the study
• Diagnosed or self-reported neurological disorders (e.g., epilepsy)
• Diagnosed or self-reported major psychiatric illness (e.g., major depression, schizophrenia)
• Major previous experience with mindfulness training

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National Taiwan Normal University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University

Taipei, 106, Taiwan

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Mental Fatigue

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Fatigue; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Behavioral Symptoms; Behavior

Results Point of Contact

• Title: Dr. Yu-Kai Chang
• Organization: Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University

yukaichangnew@gmail.com

+886277493223

Study Officials

• Yu-Kai Chang, PhD

  National Taiwan Normal University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

• PI is Sponsor Employee: No
• Restrictive Agreement: No

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 6, 2022
• First Posted: July 11, 2022
• Study Start: February 17, 2022
• Primary Completion: January 10, 2023
• Study Completion: January 10, 2023
• Last Updated: January 30, 2025
• Results First Posted: January 30, 2025

Record last verified: 2024-12

Locations

TW (1)