The Turkish Version of Pain Coping Questionnaire

NCT05422443 | Unknown

• 1 other identifier: 2022-125
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 330
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Biological, psychological, and social factors all influence a child's sense of pain. Pain beliefs can have a significant impact on a person's perception of pain and adherence to treatment. As a result, pain management requires a thorough examination of the factors that influence pain perception. Coping is a cognitive and behavioral response to conditions and threats based on by personal or environmental factors. Children who do not have adequate coping mechanisms suffer from more severe pain. As a result, dealing with pain is a crucial part of pain management. This highlights the need of assessing pain coping in children when treating chronic pain. The purpose of this study is to show that the Turkish version of the Pain Coping Questionnaire (PCQ), which assesses children's pain coping techniques, is valid and reliable, as well as to ensure that it is culturally appropriate.

Conditions

Chronic Pain

Keywords

pain; children; coping

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Evaluation of coping strategies

  Pain Coping Questionnaire: Evaluates the coping strategies of children and adolescents with a total of 39 items in 8 subscale. These are seeking knowledge, problem solving, seeking social support, positive self-suggestion, behavioral distraction, cognitive distraction, externalization, and internalization/catastrophizing. Items are assessed on a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 indicating never and 5 indicating very often. Higher ratings indicate higher use of coping strategy. PCQ consists of parent and adolescent form.

  Baseline

• Evaluation of pain

  Wong baker faces pain scale: It is a valid and reliable scale preferred by children and their families to evaluate the severity of pain. It consists of 6 facial expressions that symbolize the severity of pain. These show the stages of increased pain from a smiling face (0 points) to a very sad and crying face (10 points). The meaning of each facial expression is carefully explained to the child. Children rate pain intensity according to face shapes.

  Baseline

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Evaluation of pain acceptance

  Baseline

Study Arms (2)

Chronic pain group

Children with chronic pain

Health group

children without chronic pain

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 6 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Children are diagnosed with chronic pain and their parents Children without chronic pain and their parents

You may qualify if:

• Age between 6 years and 18 years;
• Diagnosed with chronic pain.
• To have the cognitive ability to answer questions for assessment.
• Completing the test-retest assessment.
• To be able to read and speak Turkish

You may not qualify if:

• Patients with unmanageable psychological disorders (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autistic spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder) would be excluded from the study.
• Patients who started a new treatment during the trial or 6 weeks before to the study for chronic pain.
• Those who take analgesics 48 hours prior to study evaluations
• Healthy children aged 6-18 years old
• Children without a psychiatric and neurological diagnosis
• Children got medical treatment for a neuropsychiatric disorder
• Children whose parents or themselves refused to participate

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Akdeniz University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Akdeniz University

Antalya, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (6)

• Liossi C, Howard RF. Pediatric Chronic Pain: Biopsychosocial Assessment and Formulation. Pediatrics. 2016 Nov;138(5):e20160331. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-0331. Epub 2016 Oct 14.

  PMID: 27940762 RESULT

• Treede RD, Rief W, Barke A, Aziz Q, Bennett MI, Benoliel R, Cohen M, Evers S, Finnerup NB, First MB, Giamberardino MA, Kaasa S, Kosek E, Lavand'homme P, Nicholas M, Perrot S, Scholz J, Schug S, Smith BH, Svensson P, Vlaeyen JWS, Wang SJ. A classification of chronic pain for ICD-11. Pain. 2015 Jun;156(6):1003-1007. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000160. No abstract available.

  PMID: 25844555 RESULT

• Huguet A, Miro J. The severity of chronic pediatric pain: an epidemiological study. J Pain. 2008 Mar;9(3):226-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.10.015. Epub 2007 Dec 21.

  PMID: 18088558 RESULT

• Fraga MM, Terreri MT, Azevedo RT, Hilario MOE, Len CA. PAIN PERCEPTION AND PAIN COPING MECHANISMS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH JUVENILE FIBROMYALGIA AND POLYARTICULAR JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2019 Jan-Mar;37(1):11-19. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;1;00006. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

  PMID: 29898009 RESULT

• Failo A, Beals-Erickson SE, Venuti P. Coping strategies and emotional well-being in children with disease-related pain. J Child Health Care. 2018 Mar;22(1):84-96. doi: 10.1177/1367493517749326. Epub 2017 Dec 19.

  PMID: 29258354 RESULT

• Hermann C, Hohmeister J, Zohsel K, Ebinger F, Flor H. The assessment of pain coping and pain-related cognitions in children and adolescents: current methods and further development. J Pain. 2007 Oct;8(10):802-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.05.010. Epub 2007 Jul 12.

  PMID: 17631054 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Chronic Pain; Pain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Ozgun Kaya Kara, Assoc. Prof.

  Akdeniz University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc. Prof. PhD

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 8, 2022
• First Posted: June 16, 2022
• Study Start: September 8, 2022
• Primary Completion: August 8, 2023
• Study Completion: August 12, 2023
• Last Updated: June 1, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)