NCT05398276

Brief Summary

Behavioral Exposure for Interoceptive Tolerance (BE-FIT) is a mechanism-informed behavioral intervention to target exercise anxiety. The three primary components of BE-FIT include: (1) exposure to feared bodily sensations and exercise; (2) prevention of safety behavior use before/during/after exercise, and (3) use of a wrist-worn activity monitor for physical activity (PA) feedback and activity goal setting. Evidence from the investigators' Stage I trial indicated that BE-FIT is feasible, acceptable, and safe and produced reductions in exercise anxiety and increased exercise outcomes (short-term moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity and steps/day). The investigators' present aim is to conduct a Stage II randomized-controlled trial to further evaluate the efficacy of BE-FIT in decreasing exercise anxiety in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients and examine whether changes in this target yield successive changes in exercise adherence outcomes.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
146

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2

Timeline
3mo left

Started May 2022

Typical duration for phase_2

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress95%
May 2022Jul 2026

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 3, 2022

Completed
23 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 26, 2022

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 31, 2022

Completed
4.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 31, 2026

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 31, 2026

Last Updated

March 27, 2024

Status Verified

March 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

4.2 years

First QC Date

May 26, 2022

Last Update Submit

March 25, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

Exercise SensitivityIntroceptive ExposureKinesiophobiaAcceptance and Commitment Therapy

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Overall minutes of exercise

    Objectively measured exercise (moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity mins/day) on both CR and non-CR days.

    24 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Percent of prescribed cardiac rehabilitation attended.

    24 weeks

  • Objectively measured Lifestyle PA (steps/day).

    24 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Behavioral Exposure For Introceptive Tolerance

EXPERIMENTAL

The BE-FIT intervention is a cognitive-behavioral intervention and is designed to target exercise anxiety. The three main components of BE-FIT include: 1) exposure to feared bodily sensations and exercise, 2) prevention of safety behavior use before/during/after exercise, and 3) use of a wrist-worn activity monitor (Fitbit) for PA feedback and activity goal setting.

Behavioral: Behavioral Exposure For Introceptive Tolerance

Health Education Control

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

HEC is a time-matched control intervention that will be delivered on the same delivery schedule as BE-FIT. In this arm, participants will be provided educational information about health topics relevant to healthy aging delivered through PowerPoint lectures and handouts and use a Fitbit for PA monitoring.

Behavioral: Health Education Control

Interventions

BE-FIT will consist of a 6-session one-on one program with a clinician that are approximately 45 minutes delivered, over the course of 3 weeks (twice/week). Sessions will coincide with scheduled cardiac rehabilitation sessions at RWJ Cardiac Rehabilitation Program. The elements of BE-FIT are (1) psychoeducation about avoidance/anxiety and values clarification and committed action for exercise and lifestyle PA; (2) graded, repeated exposure to bodily sensations and exercise to build tolerance of discomfort; (3) fading safety behaviors and elimination of exercise avoidance behaviors to promote tolerance of uncertainty and reduce catastrophizing; and (4) use of Fitbit activity tracker to facilitate physical activity monitoring and provide physical activity feedback and goal-setting.

Also known as: BEFIT
Behavioral Exposure For Introceptive Tolerance

HEC is a time-matched control intervention that will be administered on the same delivery schedule as BE-FIT. The intervention content includes: (1) educational information about health topics relevant to healthy aging, and (2) Use of the Fitbit activity watch for PA monitoring. The 6 topics introduced in the HEC include: nutrition, sleep, brain health, emotional health, living with chronic conditions, how to be a smart patient. The health information will be conveyed through lectures and handouts. The goal of sessions will be to provide education, particularly as it relates to healthy aging. Patients will be given the same Fitbit as in the BE-FIT but will not be given PA goals.

Also known as: HEC
Health Education Control

Eligibility Criteria

Age40 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • ≥ 40 years of age
  • Elevated exercise anxiety (score of ≥ 30 on ESQ-18)
  • Low active (\< 90 min self-reported moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity/day in past three months)
  • Medically approved cardiac rehabilitation
  • English proficiency

You may not qualify if:

  • Evidence of cognitive impairment (≤ 23 on Montreal Cognitive Assessment; MoCA)
  • Severe disabling chronic medical and/or psychiatric comorbidities determined on a case-by-case basis that prevents safe or adequate participation
  • Expectation that patient will not live through study periods

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

RWJ Cardiac Rehab at East Brunswick

East Brunswick, New Jersey, 08816, United States

RECRUITING

Rutgers Emotion, Health and Behavior Laboratory Department of Psychology

New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08901, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Farris SG, Kibbey MM, Derby L, Keller B, Leyro TM, Alderman BL, Steinberg MB, Abrantes AM, DiBello AM. A Confirmatory Factory Analysis of the Exercise Sensitivity Questionnaire (ESQ). J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2025 May 1;45(3):207-214. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000933. Epub 2025 Feb 28.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Anxiety DisordersKinesiophobia

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mental DisordersPhobic Disorders

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE CARE
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 26, 2022

First Posted

May 31, 2022

Study Start

May 3, 2022

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 31, 2026

Last Updated

March 27, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-03

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations