NCT05353322

Brief Summary

The purpose of this Phase 1 research study is to answer two questions: (1) How frequent should periods of prolonged sedentary time be interrupted? and (2) What is the appropriate duration or length of time of these breaks in sedentary time? To address these questions, this project will conduct a state-of-the-art adaptive dose finding study under controlled laboratory conditions to determine the minimally effective dose (the smallest dose) that yields cardiometabolic benefit for two separate sedentary break elements (frequency and duration). Study findings will ultimately determine how often and for how long people should break up periods of prolonged sedentary time to transiently improve established cardiovascular risk factors; key foundational information critical to the success of future long-term trials and ultimately public health guidelines. Primary Aim: To determine the minimally effective dose combination(s) of frequency and duration needed to provide cardiometabolic benefit during an 8-hour experimentation period. Specifically, the study will determine: 1a. For each fixed duration, the minimum sedentary break frequency (e.g., every 30 min, 60 min, 120 min) that demonstrates a reduction in systolic BP, diastolic BP, or glucose compared with a sedentary control condition. 1b. For each fixed frequency, the minimum sedentary break duration (e.g., activity breaks of 1 min, 5 min, 10 min) that demonstrates a reduction in systolic BP, diastolic BP, or glucose compared with a sedentary control. Secondary Aim: It is also critical to public health strategy to assess the acceptability/feasibility of various sedentary break doses as too high a dose will yield poor uptake. To address this need, the maximally tolerated dose (the highest dose that does not cause undue physical/psychological distress) for frequency and duration of sedentary breaks will also be determined via assessment of 4 constructs: physical exhaustion/fatigue, affect (e.g., mood, emotion), tolerability (e.g., completion of dose protocol), and safety (e.g., hypoglycemia). Maximally tolerated dose will be defined as the highest dose where \<20% of participants exhibit an adverse outcome.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
324

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
24mo left

Started Jun 2022

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress66%
Jun 2022Mar 2028

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 7, 2022

Completed
22 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

April 29, 2022

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

June 30, 2022

Completed
5.6 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 31, 2028

Expected
2 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

March 31, 2028

Last Updated

April 9, 2026

Status Verified

April 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

5.6 years

First QC Date

April 7, 2022

Last Update Submit

April 6, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Sedentary BehaviorPhysical ActivityBlood PressureGlucoseInsulinDose-finding

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • Change in Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline

    Measured by Spacelabs 90227 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor and appropriately sized cuff on the non-dominant arm. Measured every 30 minutes over 8-hour trial visit (total of 18 individual readings).

    Baseline, 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours, 7.5 hours, 8 hours

  • Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure from Baseline

    Measured by Spacelabs 90227 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor and appropriately sized cuff on the non-dominant arm. Measured every 30 minutes over 8-hour trial visit (total of 18 individual readings).

    Baseline, 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours, 7.5 hours, 8 hours

  • Net Glucose Incremental Area Under the Curve

    Interstitial glucose levels are measured every 15 minutes over 8-hour trial visit using the Freestyle Libre Pro Continuous Glucose Monitor inserted on deltoid of the dominant arm.

    Every 15 minutes over 8-hour trial visit

Secondary Outcomes (8)

  • Proportion of participants that fully completed the sedentary break protocol.

    Immediately after completion of experimental (activity break) trial visit (up to 8 hours)

  • Proportion of participants with hypoglycemia

    Baseline, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 3 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours

  • Proportion of participants with an exaggerated blood pressure response

    Baseline, 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours, 5.5 hours, 6 hours, 6.5 hours, 7 hours, 7.5 hours, 8 hours

  • Proportion of participants in whom a musculoskeletal injury was observed/reported.

    End of experimental (activity break) trial visit (up to 8 hours)

  • Proportion of participants reporting physical exhaustion score greater than or equal to 9

    Baseline, 4 hours, 8 hours

  • +3 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (2)

  • Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) Score

    4 hours, 8 hours

  • Work Performance Score

    4 hours, 8 hours

Study Arms (2)

Sedentary Break Condition > Control Condition

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will be assigned to the sedentary break or control condition at each lab visit. If assigned to the sedentary break condition at lab visit 1, participants will be assigned to the control condition at visit 2 (and vice versa). During the lab visit, participants will wear a heart rate monitor and ambulatory blood pressure monitor, and eat a controlled diet. Participants will also eat a controlled diet for two days prior to the lab visit.

Behavioral: Sedentary Break (Walking) ConditionBehavioral: Sitting (Control) ConditionBehavioral: Controlled Diet

Control Condition > Sedentary Break Condition

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will be assigned to the sedentary break or control condition at each lab visit. If assigned to the sedentary break condition at lab visit 1, participants will be assigned to the control condition at visit 2 (and vice versa). During the lab visit, participants will wear a heart rate monitor and ambulatory blood pressure monitor, and eat a controlled diet. Participants will also eat a controlled diet for two days prior to the lab visit.

Behavioral: Sedentary Break (Walking) ConditionBehavioral: Sitting (Control) ConditionBehavioral: Controlled Diet

Interventions

For the sedentary break (walking) condition, participants will be randomized to 1 of 25 combinations of frequency (5 doses: sedentary break every 30, 45, 60, 90, or 120 minutes) and duration (5 doses: sedentary break duration of 1, 3, 5, 7, or 10 minutes). Participants will complete a 9-hour study visit and will remain seated throughout the lab visit and will take regular sedentary breaks by walking on a treadmill at 2.0 mph and 0% incline at specific frequency and duration (as determined by the randomization method) for the entirety of the visit.

Also known as: Sedentary Break (Walking) Condition - Experimental
Control Condition > Sedentary Break ConditionSedentary Break Condition > Control Condition

While completing the sitting (control) condition, participants will complete the 9-hour study visit by remaining seated and only standing up/walking to use the restroom at specified times.

Also known as: Sitting (Control) Condition - Shame Comparator
Control Condition > Sedentary Break ConditionSedentary Break Condition > Control Condition
Controlled DietBEHAVIORAL

Participants in both the experimental and control groups will eat a controlled diet (breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks) for two full days before each lab visit. They will also eat a controlled diet (breakfast, lunch) during each of the two lab visits. Participants will choose 1 of 3 dietary menus to eat for the study duration. Each meal will be individualized to meet 33% of daily estimated energy requirements. Target macronutrient profile will be 12-15% energy from protein, 55-58% from carbohydrate and 29-31% from fat; as well as 55 mmol of sodium and 24 mmol of potassium.

Also known as: Controlled Foods Diet
Control Condition > Sedentary Break ConditionSedentary Break Condition > Control Condition

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • years of age or older
  • Ability to read, write and speak English or Spanish
  • Limited or no chronic medical conditions \[examples include but not limited to: CVD, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), HIV/AIDS; participants with high blood pressure/hypertension and/or high cholesterol/hyperlipidemia may be included if they are currently prescribed and taking medication for these conditions\]
  • Do not take medication (over-the-counter or herbal) to control glucose (such as a diabetes control medication)
  • Not currently pregnant
  • Do not currently smoke cigarettes
  • No pre-existing musculoskeletal conditions (including but not limited to osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis) that would prevent participation in intermittent physical activity
  • No allergies to common food allergens including wheat, eggs, milk or other dairy, gluten, fructose, peanuts or other nuts
  • No dietary restrictions such as vegan, gluten free, halal

You may not qualify if:

  • Unable to provide consent

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health

New York, New York, 10032, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Diaz KM, Murdock ME, Clark AW, Kumar S, Jerez V, Serafini MA, Xu C, Boudreaux BD, Romero EK, Aguirre J, Seid H, Nandakumar R, Ginsberg H, Shimbo D, Cheung YK. Breaking up prolonged sedentary behavior to improve cardiometabolic health (BREAK2): protocol for a dose-finding adaptive randomization trial. BMC Public Health. 2025 May 25;25(1):1929. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22250-0.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Sedentary BehaviorMotor ActivityInsulin Resistance

Interventions

WalkingSitting Position

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

BehaviorHyperinsulinismGlucose Metabolism DisordersMetabolic DiseasesNutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

LocomotionMovementMusculoskeletal Physiological PhenomenaMusculoskeletal and Neural Physiological PhenomenaExerciseMotor ActivityPosture

Study Officials

  • Keith Diaz, PhD

    Florence Irving Assistant Professor of Behavioral Medicine, CUIMC

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Ying Kuen (Ken) Cheung, PhD

    Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, CUIMC

    STUDY CHAIR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
SEQUENTIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor of Behavioral Medicine

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 7, 2022

First Posted

April 29, 2022

Study Start

June 30, 2022

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 31, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 31, 2028

Last Updated

April 9, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-04

Locations