NCT05236101

Brief Summary

Objectives: Our study aimed to perform a Turkish validation study of the Child Drawing: Hospital (CD:H) Scale and evaluate the dental anxiety and pain experienced during the treatment by drawing. Study Design: Pediatric patients between the ages of 4-13 who applied to the Pediatric Dentistry Department between 2018-2020 were included in the study. Following the translation of the CD:H Scale into Turkish and linguistic-cultural validation, the behaviors of pediatric patients during treatment were evaluated with the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale, the pain they experienced during treatment with the Wong- Baker Face Rating Scale, and their anxiety levels were evaluated with the pictures drawn by the patients at the end of the treatment. The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v23, and the significance level was taken as p \<0.05. Results: Within the scope of the scale's reliability-validity study, the Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was evaluated with test-retest consistency. For section A,B,C and total score reliability was found to be positive and strong level correlation. Dental anxiety of boys was higher than girls. Conclusions: The Turkish version of the CD:H Scale is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to evaluate the dental anxiety of Turkish pediatric patients.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
235

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Nov 2018

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 20, 2018

Completed
8 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 1, 2019

Completed
9 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 10, 2020

Completed
1.7 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 20, 2022

Completed
22 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 11, 2022

Completed
Last Updated

February 11, 2022

Status Verified

February 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

8 months

First QC Date

January 20, 2022

Last Update Submit

February 1, 2022

Conditions

Dental AnxietyDental PainValidationChild Drawing Hospital Scale

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Turkish Validation of the Child Drawing Hospital Scale

    Using the Child Drawing Hospital Scale, the pictures drawn by the patients were interpreted and scored by two researchers (minimum 15, max 205).

    12 week

Study Arms (1)

CD:H Scale

EXPERIMENTAL

Pictures drawn using the CD:H Scale were evaluated.

Behavioral: survey research

Interventions

survey researchBEHAVIORAL

Children with dental treatment were asked to draw pictures.

CD:H Scale

Eligibility Criteria

Age4 Years - 13 Years
Sexall(Gender-based eligibility)
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17)

You may qualify if:

  • Patients who have toothache and who have undergone dental treatment (filling and root canal treatment)
  • Patients with deep dentin caries who need local anesthesia
  • Children between the ages of 4-13
  • Patients who are willing to paint and understand commands
  • Patients without any mental or physical disability
  • Patients whose parents agreed to participate in the study and signed their consent

You may not qualify if:

  • Children not aged 4-13
  • Patients with mild to moderate caries who do not need local anesthesia
  • Patients who are not willing to paint
  • Patients with inadequate hand coordination
  • Patients with motor dysfunction
  • Children with any systemic illness
  • Patients with mental or physical disabilities
  • Patients with any syndrome
  • Patients with color blindness
  • Children whose native language is not Turkish
  • Patients whose parents refused to participate in the study

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Gaziosmanpaşa University

Tokat Province, 60100, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Ozdemir Celik DS, Deniz E, Demir O, Altan H. Validation of child drawing hospital (CD: H) scale and the role of drawing in the evaluation of Dental anxiety. BMC Oral Health. 2025 Feb 21;25(1):274. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05605-2.

    PMID: 39984891DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Toothache

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Tooth DiseasesStomatognathic DiseasesFacial PainPainNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
NA
Masking
NONE
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
SINGLE GROUP
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Assoc. Dr.

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 20, 2022

First Posted

February 11, 2022

Study Start

November 20, 2018

Primary Completion

August 1, 2019

Study Completion

May 10, 2020

Last Updated

February 11, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations

TU(1)