NCT05236010

Brief Summary

The CONNECT-TBI Trial aims to develop safe, effective treatments for complex mTBI that improve cognitive functioning. Based on the compelling preliminary data generated by our study team, the objective of this study is to conduct a randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled Phase II clinical trial of APT-3 combined with rTMS, HD-tDCS, or sham to treat cognitive control deficits in Veterans with complex mTBI and PPCS. At the Baseline Visit, participants will undergo demographic, neuropsychological, behavioral, and quality of life testing. They will also undergo structural MRI to permit modeling of their brain, resting/task-related fMRI to identify the CCN, and pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess for other pathologies. They will then be randomized to 16 sessions of APT-3 with concurrent rTMS, HD-tDCS, or sham stimulation delivered to the unique functional left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a primary node of the CCN. Lastly, they will repeat all baseline tests, and report on 3- and 6-month recovery levels to establish longevity and stability of subjective benefit. Given that this individualization protocol has never been attempted for cognitive rehabilitation in military mTBI, we expect this trial will generate useful effect sizes for HD-tDCS and rTMS to be used for powering the next step, a Phase III multi-center trial.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
108

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
0mo left

Started Jan 2022

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

5 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress99%
Jan 2022Jul 2026

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 21, 2022

Completed
11 days until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 1, 2022

Completed
10 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 11, 2022

Completed
4.4 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 1, 2026

Expected
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 1, 2026

Last Updated

May 26, 2026

Status Verified

May 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

4.4 years

First QC Date

February 1, 2022

Last Update Submit

May 20, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

Traumatic Brain InjurymTBIProlonged Post Concussive SymptomsBrain StimulationCognitive Rehabilitation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Primary symptom outcome: Change from baseline in cognitive PCS as measured by the NSI cognitive subscale score at post-treatment.

    Post-concussive symptoms will be measured with the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI). This assessment will be administered at the baseline and post-treatment visits. The NSI is a self-report questionnaire that consists of 22 non-specific complaints commonly reported after concussion and is used to quantify traumatic brain injury (TBI) symptom severity and select symptoms for treatment. The NSI asks the patient to rate each of the symptoms according to how much the symptom has disturbed him/her using a five point scale. Patient ratings are based on descriptions of the frequency of the symptom, the extent to which the symptom disrupts the patient's activities, and the patient's perceived need for help with the symptom. The 22 individual symptoms items are weighted equally. The cognitive subscale score uses 4 items, where a higher score means more severe symptoms and a lower score means less severe symptoms. The minimum value is 0, and the maximum value is 16

    Baseline and post-treatment visits, 4 weeks

  • Primary cognitive outcome: Change from baseline in objective cognitive control as measured by accuracy on the Multi-modal Working Memory N-back task (MMWM) to post-treatment Visit.

    The MMWM is a continuous performance test in which subjects respond to simultaneous sequences of visual (squares on a grid) and auditory (spoken numbers) stimuli by pressing a button if stimuli in either or both sensory modalities match a previous stimulus (1-back or 2-back).

    Baseline and post-treatment visits, 4 weeks

  • Primary functional outcome: Change from post-treatment visit in overall quality of life as measured by the PGIC at long-term follow-up at 3 and 6 months.

    The Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) is a self-report scale that reflects a patient's belief about the efficacy of treatment. The PGIC is a 7 point scale depicting a patient's rating of overall improvement, where a 1 is no change and a 7 is a great deal of change.

    Post-treatment visit and long-term follow-up at 3 and 6 months

  • Primary imaging outcome: Change (decrease) in CCN activity from Baseline Visit to Post-treatment Visit as measured by the BOLD signal during the MMWM task performance.

    The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal will be measured during the MMWM task performance to determine correlation with symptom improvement on NSI. The BOLD signal will be measured at the baseline and post-treatment MRIs.

    Baseline and post-treatment visits, 4 weeks

Study Arms (4)

Active rTMS with Attention Process Training

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Subjects in this arm will receive active rTMS and then complete the assigned Attention Process Training battery immediately following active rTMS.

Device: rTMSOther: Attention Process Training

Sham rTMS with Attention Process Training

SHAM COMPARATOR

Subjects in this sham arm will not receive any active stimulation and will only complete Attention Process Training immediately following sham rTMS.

Device: rTMSOther: Attention Process Training

Active HD-tDCS with Attention Process Training

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Subjects in this arm will receive active HD-tDCS and complete the assigned Attention Process Training battery during active HD-tDCS.

Device: HD-tDCSOther: Attention Process Training

Sham HD-tDCS with Attention Process Training

SHAM COMPARATOR

Subjects in this sham arm will not receive any active stimulation and will only complete Attention Process Training during sham HD-tDCS.

Device: HD-tDCSOther: Attention Process Training

Interventions

rTMSDEVICE

Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive form of brain stimulation in which a changing magnetic field is used to cause electric current at a specific area of the brain through electromagnetic induction. During an rTMS session, an electromagnetic coil is placed against the scalp near the forehead. The electromagnet painlessly delivers a magnetic pulse that stimulates nerve cells in the region of the brain being targeted.

Active rTMS with Attention Process TrainingSham rTMS with Attention Process Training
HD-tDCSDEVICE

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), is a non-invasive, painless brain stimulation treatment that uses direct electrical currents to stimulate specific parts of the brain. A constant, low intensity current is passed through two electrodes placed over the head which modulates neuronal activity.

Active HD-tDCS with Attention Process TrainingSham HD-tDCS with Attention Process Training

Attention Process Training (APT) is a multi-session exercise designed to help improve the ability to focus on relevant material while ignoring irrelevant distractions. Further, it helps improve the speed of processing information.

Active HD-tDCS with Attention Process TrainingActive rTMS with Attention Process TrainingSham HD-tDCS with Attention Process TrainingSham rTMS with Attention Process Training

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 59 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may not qualify if:

  • Veterans will be excluded from participation in this study if there is 1) a prior history of other neurological disease or any history of seizures beyond immediate post-traumatic seizure, so as to reduce risk of exacerbation of epilepsy or other neurological symptoms; 2) history of psychosis, so as to reduce risk of psychiatric decompensation; 3) history of current or recent (within two years) substance/alcohol dependence, to reduce confounding effects on cognition; 4) any discontinuity in skull electrical conductivity (i.e., unhealed burr holes in scalp) or artificially constructed (metal or plastic) craniotomy cover, to reduce risk of unimpeded electrical current; 5) presence of any implanted metal or electrical device (e.g. pacemaker), to reduce risk of heating during MRI, or device malfunction during neuromodulation; 6) recent medical hospitalization (within three weeks), to reduce risk of medical decompensation during the study; 7) any condition that would prevent the participant from completing the protocol, such as significant agitation; 8) appointment of a legal representative, as assessed via direct inquiry of the participant or a designated trusted other, to avoid coercion of a vulnerable population; 9) any significant hardness of hearing or blindness that would make completing the cognitive training not possible; 10) any ongoing litigation related to TBI, to prevent interference with legal proceedings; 11) any other contraindication to exposure to strong magnetic fields or MRI, such as severe claustrophobia; 12) pregnant women will be excluded as the effects of MRI and brain stimulation on developing fetuses are unknown; 13) membership in an identified vulnerable population, including minors, and prisoners, and adults unable to consent due to cognitive impairment will be excluded, as they will be unlikely to be able to complete study procedures. Prisoners will be excluded from the study to avoid coercion; 14)received a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) less than 13 or greater than 15 upon ED admission, if available in patient's records.
  • The investigators do not intend to include adults who are unable to consent in this study.
  • The investigators do not intend to include individuals who are not yet adults (infants, children, teenagers) in this study.
  • The investigators do not intend to include pregnant women in this study.
  • The investigators do not intend to include prisoners in this study.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (5)

Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55417, United States

RECRUITING

The University of Minnesota

Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, United States

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING

The Mind Research Network

Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106, United States

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING

The University of New Mexico

Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106, United States

ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING

New Mexico Veterans Affairs Health Care System

Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87108, United States

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Brain Injuries, Traumatic

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain InjuriesBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesCraniocerebral TraumaTrauma, Nervous SystemWounds and Injuries

Study Officials

  • Davin k Quinn, MD, FACLP

    University of New Mexico

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Cesar J Ojeda, MBA

CONTACT

Davin k Quinn, MD, FACLP

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Psychiatry, Vice Chair and Quality/Safety Officer, Adult Clinical Services, Chief, Division of Behavioral Health Consultation and Integration, Director, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Service

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 1, 2022

First Posted

February 11, 2022

Study Start

January 21, 2022

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Last Updated

May 26, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-05

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

In accordance with the guidelines for research conducted in the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and in the interests of sharing and leveraging data and research resources, and avoiding duplication of efforts, Co-PIs Quinn and Davenport will make data generated by the performance of the planned clinical trial available to the research community by depositing the de-identified data into the Federal Interagency TBI Research (FITBIR) Informatics system. All data collected on study evaluations and questionnaires will be shared and uploaded to FITBIR. This includes demographic data, diagnostic assessment data (medical history, medications, combat exposure, screening for traumatic brain injury, neurological assessments, post-traumatic epilepsy assessments, neuropsychiatric diagnostic assessments), symptomatic and functional status assessment data (neurobehavioral symptoms, PTSD symptoms, depression symptoms, quality of life assessments), cognitive testing data, and fMRI imaging data.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
Time Frame
The data submission schedule for United States Department of Defense studies in the FITBIR system is once per year (March or September). Data will be available indefinitely.
Access Criteria
Six months after submission of data, the Core (required) and Basic (recommended) TBI common data elements (CDEs) that are used in the study will be made available to all qualified and approved researchers (Data Access Account holders) as determined by the Data Access Committee (DAC). Data Access Account holders will be referred to as "Recipients". Other data fields can also be made available at the submitting principal investigator's discretion. Data Submission Account holders will be referred to as "Submitter's". Outcomes data and other data elements needed by the principal investigator to test his/her hypotheses or research questions, referred to as Experimental Data, will be made available in a staged manner. Six months after the award period ends, Experimental Data will be open to other researchers who have submitted data to FITBIR (Submitters). Twelve months after the award period ends, Experimental Data will be open to all qualified and approved researchers (Recipients).
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